1. A nurse is teaching a patient's family member about permanent tube feedings at home. Which purpose of patient education is the nurse meeting?
a. Health promotion
b. Illness prevention
c. Restoration of health
d. Coping with impaired functions
ANS: D
Teach family members to help the patient with health care management (e.g., giving medications through gastric tubes and doing passive range-of-motion exercises) when coping with impaired functions. Not all patients fully recover from illness or in
2. A nurse is teaching a group of healthy adults about the benefits of flu immunizations. Which type of patient education is the nurse providing?
a. Health analogies
b. Restoration of health
c. Coping with impaired functions
d. Promotion of health and ill
ANS: D
As a nurse, you are a visible, competent resource for patients who want to improve their physical and psychological well-being. In the school, home, clinic, or workplace, you promote health and prevent illness by providing information and skills th
3. A nurse's goal is to provide teaching for restoration of health. Which situation indicates the nurse is meeting this goal?
a. Teaching a family member to provide passive range of motion for a stroke patient
b. Teaching a woman who recently had a hyster
ANS: D
Injured or ill patients need information and skills to help them regain or maintain their levels of health. An example includes teaching a teenager with a broken leg how to use crutches. Not all patients fully recover from illness or injury. Many h
4. A nurse attends a seminar on teaching/learning. Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of teaching/learning?
a. "Teaching and learning can be separated."
b. "Learning is an interactive process that promotes teaching."
c. "Teaching
ANS: C
Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs. It is impossible to separate teaching from learning. Teaching is an interactive process that promotes learning. Teaching consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions that hel
5. A nurse is determining if teaching is effective. Which finding best indicates learning has occurred?
a. A nurse presents information about diabetes.
b. A patient demonstrates how to inject insulin.
c. A family member listens to a lecture on diabetes.
d
ANS: B
Learning is the purposeful acquisition of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills: patient demonstrates how to inject insulin. A new mother exhibits learning when she demonstrates how to bathe her newborn. A nurse presenting information and
6. A nurse is teaching a patient about the Speak Up Initiatives. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?
a. If you still do not understand, ask again.
b. Ask a nurse to be your advocate or supporter.
c. The nurse is the center
ANS: A
If you still do not understand, ask again is part of the S portion of the Speak Up Initiatives. Speak up if you have questions or concerns. You (the patient) are the center of the health care team, not the nurse. Ask a trusted family member or frie
7. A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure healthy food choices. The patient states that eating yogurt is better than eating cake. Which element represents feedback?
a. The nurse
b. The patient
c. The nurse teaching about healthy food choices
d. The
ANS: D
Feedback needs to demonstrate the success of the learner in achieving objectives (i.e., the learner verbalizes information or provides a return demonstration of skills learned). The nurse is the sender. The patient (learner) is the receiver. The te
8. While preparing a teaching plan, the nurse describes what the learner will be able to accomplish after the teaching session about healthy eating. Which action is the nurse completing?
a. Developing learning objectives
b. Providing positive reinforcemen
ANS: A
Learning objectives describe what the learner will exhibit as a result of successful instruction. Positive reinforcement follows feedback and reinforces good behavior and promotes continued compliance. Interpersonal communication is necessary for t
9. A patient learns that a normal adult heartbeat is 60 to 100 beats/min after a teaching session with a nurse. In which domain did learning take place?
a. Kinesthetic
b. Cognitive
c. Affective
d. Psychomotor
ANS: B
The patient acquired knowledge, which is cognitive. Cognitive learning includes all intellectual skills and requires thinking. In the hierarchy of cognitive behaviors, the simplest behavior is acquiring knowledge. Kinesthetic is a type of learner w
10. A nurse is trying to help a patient begin to accept the chronic nature of diabetes. Which teaching technique should the nurse use to enhance learning?
a. Lecture
b. Role play
c. Demonstration
d. Question and answer sessions
ANS: B
Affective learning deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, beliefs, or values. Role play and discussion (one-on-one and group) are effective teaching methods for the affective domain. Lecture and question and answer sessions
11. A nurse is describing a patient's perceived ability to successfully complete a task. Which term should the nurse use to describe this attribute?
a. Self-efficacy
b. Motivation
c. Attentional set
d. Active participation
ANS: A
Self-efficacy, a concept included in social learning theory, refers to a person's perceived ability to successfully complete a task. Motivation is a force that acts on or within a person (e.g., an idea, an emotion, a physical need) to cause the per
12. A toddler is going to have surgery on the right ear. Which teaching method is mostappropriate for this developmental stage?
a. Encourage independent learning.
b. Develop a problem-solving scenario.
c. Wrap a bandage around a stuffed animal's ear.
d. U
ANS: C
Use play to teach a procedure or activity (e.g., handling examination equipment, applying a bandage to a doll) to toddlers. Encouraging independent learning is for the young or middle adult. Use of discussion is for older children, adolescents, and
13. A nurse is preparing to teach a patient about smoking cessation. Which factors should the nurse assess to determine a patient's ability to learn?
a. Sociocultural background and motivation
b. Stage of grieving and overall physical health
c. Developmen
ANS: C
Developmental and physical capabilities reflect one's ability to learn. Sociocultural background and motivation are factors determining readiness to learn. Psychosocial adaptation to illness and active participation are factors in readiness to lear
14. A nurse is teaching a patient about heart failure. Which environment will the nurse use?
a. A darkened, quiet room
b. A well-lit, ventilated room
c. A private room at 85� F temperature
d. A group room for 10 to 12 patients with heart failure
ANS: B
The ideal environment for learning is a room that is well lit and has good ventilation, appropriate furniture, and a comfortable temperature. Although a quiet room is appropriate, a darkened room interferes with the patient's ability to watch your
15. Which assessment finding will cause the nurse to begin teaching a patient because the patient is ready to learn?
a. A patient has the ability to grasp and apply the elastic bandage.
b. A patient has sufficient upper body strength to move from a bed to
ANS: C
Motivation underlies a person's desire or willingness to learn. Motivation is a force that acts on or within a person (e.g., an idea, emotion, or a physical need) to cause the person to behave in a particular way. For example, a patient with a belo
16. A nurse is teaching a patient with a risk for hypertension how to take a blood pressure. Which action by the nurse is the priority?
a. Assess laboratory results for high cholesterol and other data.
b. Identify that teaching is the same as the nursing
ANS: D
The teaching process focuses on the patient's learning needs, motivation, and ability to learn; writing learning objectives and goals is also included. Nursing and teaching processes are not the same. Assessing laboratory results for high cholester
17. A patient has heart failure and kidney failure. The patient needs teaching about dialysis. Which nursing action is most appropriate for assessing this patient's learning needs?
a. Assess the patient's total health care needs.
b. Assess the patient's h
ANS: B
Because health literacy influences how you deliver teaching strategies, it is critical for you to assess a patient's health literacy before providing instruction. The nursing process requires assessment of all sources of data to determine a patient
18. A nurse is teaching a patient about hypertension. In which order from first to last will the nurse implement the steps of the teaching process?
1. Set mutual goals for knowledge of hypertension.
2. Teach what the patient wants to know about hypertensi
ANS: C
Assessment is the first step of any teaching session, then diagnosing, planning (goals), implementation, and evaluation.
19. A patient had a stroke and must use a cane for support. A nurse is preparing to teach the patient about the cane. Which learning objective/outcome is most appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?
a. The patient will walk to the bathr
ANS: A
Outcomes often describe a behavior that identifies the patient's ability to do something on completion of teaching such as will empty a colostomy bag or will administer an injection. Understand, learn, and know are not behaviors that can be observe
20. Which learning objective/outcome has the highest priority for a patient with life-threatening, severe food allergies that require an EpiPen (epinephrine)?
a. The patient will identify the main ingredients in several foods.
b. The patient will list the
ANS: D
Once you assist in meeting patient needs related to basic survival (how to give epinephrine), you can discuss other topics, such as nutritional needs and side effects of medications. For example, a patient recently diagnosed with coronary artery di
21. After a teaching session on taking blood pressures, the nurse tells the patient, "You took that blood pressure like an experienced nurse." Which type of reinforcement did the nurse use?
a. Social acknowledgment
b. Pleasurable activity
c. Tangible rewa
ANS: A
Reinforcers come in the form of social acknowledgments (e.g., nods, smiles, words of encouragement), pleasurable activities (e.g., walks or play time), and tangible rewards (e.g., toys or food). The entrusting approach is a teaching approach that p
22. A patient with heart failure is learning to reduce salt in the diet. When will be the best time for the nurse to address this topic?
a. At bedtime, while the patient is relaxed
b. At bath time, when the nurse is cleaning the patient
c. At lunchtime, w
ANS: C
In this situation, because the teaching is about food, coordinating it with routine nursing care that involves food can be effective. Many nurses find that they are able to teach more effectively while delivering nursing care. For example, while ha
23. A nurse is teaching a patient who has low health literacy about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) while giving COPD medications. Which technique is mostappropriate for the nurse to use?
a. Use complex analogies to describe COPD.
b. Ask for
ANS: D
Include the most important information at the beginning of the session for patients with literacy or learning disabilities. Also, use visual cues and simple, not complex, analogies when appropriate. Another technique is to frequently ask patients f
24. A nurse is teaching a culturally diverse patient with a learning disability about nutritional needs. What must the nurse do first before starting the teaching session?
a. Obtain pictures of food.
b. Get an interpreter.
c. Establish a rapport.
d. Refer
ANS: C
Establishing trust is important for all patients, especially culturally diverse and learning disabled patients, before starting teaching sessions. Obtaining pictures of food, getting an interpreter, and referring to a dietitian all occur after rapp
25. A nurse is teaching an older-adult patient about strokes. Which teaching technique is mostappropriate for the nurse to use?
a. Speak in a high tone of voice to describe strokes.
b. Use a pamphlet about strokes with large font in blues and greens.
c. P
ANS: C
With older adults, keep the teaching session short with small amounts of information. Also, if using written material, assess the patient's ability to read and use information that is printed in large type and in a color that contrasts highly with
26. A patient who is going to surgery has been taught how to cough and deep breathe. Which evaluation method will the nurse use?
a. Return demonstration
b. Computer instruction
c. Verbalization of steps
d. Cloze test
ANS: A
To demonstrate mastery of the skill, have the patient perform a return demonstration under the same conditions that will be experienced at home or in the place where the skill is to be performed. Computer instruction is use of a programmed instruct
27. A patient has been taught how to change a colostomy bag but is having trouble measuring and manipulating the equipment and has many questions. What is the nurse's next action?
a. Refer to a mental health specialist.
b. Refer to a wound care specialist
ANS: C
Resources that specialize in a particular health need (e.g., wound care or ostomy specialists) are integral to successful patient education. A mental health specialist is helpful for emotional issues rather than for physical problems. A dietitian i
28. A nurse is teaching a patient about healthy eating habits. Which learning objective/outcome for the affective domain will the nurse add to the teaching plan?
a. The patient will state three facts about healthy eating.
b. The patient will identify two
ANS: C
Affective learning deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, beliefs, or values. Having the patient value healthy eating habits falls within the affective domain. Stating three facts or identifying two foods for a healthy snack
29. A nurse is assessing the ability to learn of a patient who has recently experienced a stroke. Which question/statement will best assess the patient's ability to learn?
a. "What do you want to know about strokes?"
b. "Please read this handout and tell
ANS: B
A patient's reading level affects ability to learn. One way to assess a patient's reading level and level of understanding is to ask the patient to read instructions from an educational handout and then explain their meaning. Reading level is often
30. A nurse is preparing to teach a kinesthetic learner about exercise. Which technique will the nurse use?
a. Let the patient touch and use the exercise equipment.
b. Provide the patient with pictures of the exercise equipment.
c. Let the patient listen
ANS: A
Kinesthetic learners process knowledge by moving and participating in hands-on activities. Return demonstrations and role playing work well with these learners. Patients who are visual-spatial learners enjoy learning through pictures and visual cha
1. A nurse is asked by a co-worker why patient education/teaching is important. Which statements will the nurse share with the co-worker? (Select all that apply.)
a. "Patient education is an essential component of safe, patient-centered care."
b. "Patient
ANS: A, B, C, D
Patient education has long been a standard for professional nursing practice. All state Nurse Practice Acts acknowledge that patient teaching falls within the scope of nursing practice. Patient education is an essential component of provid
2. A nurse is preparing to teach patients. Which patient finding will cause the nurse to postpone a teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
a. The patient is hurting.
b. The patient is fatigued.
c. The patient is mildly anxious.
d. The patient is askin
ANS: A, B, E
Any condition (e.g., pain, fatigue) that depletes a person's energy also impairs the ability to learn, so the session should be postponed until the pain is relieved and the patient is rested. Postpone teaching when an illness becomes aggravat