anatomy
form and structure �microscopic anatomy �macroscopic (gross) anatomy �regional anatomy �systemic anatomy
physiology
functions
macroscopic anatomy
seen with unaided eye �organs �muscles �bones
microscopic anatomy
seen with a microscope �cells �tissues
systemic anatomy
individual systems
� skeletal system � integumentary system � nervous system � cardiovascular system � respiratory system � digestive system � muscular system � sensory system � endocrine system � urinary system � reproductive system
regional anatomy
individual region
� neck or abdomen, etc. cells tissues blood vessels nerves muscles organs bones
Bilateral Symmetry
The left and right halves of an animal's body are essentially mirror images of each other.
dorsal cavity
central nervous system �cranial cavity �spinal cavit
ventral cavity
thorax and abdomen �viscera
thorax = chest
cranial thoracic cavity �major structures �heart �major blood vessels �lungs �esophagus
abdomen
caudal abdominal cavity �major structures �digestive organs �urinary organs �reproductive organs
Lining Membranes-abdominal cavity
peritoneum �visceral layer �potential space �parietal layer
Lining Membranes-thoracic cavity
pleura �visceral layer �potential space �parietal layer
Lining Membranes-pleura
thoracic cavity �inflammation �pleuritis / pleurisy
Lining Membranes-peritoneum
abdominal cavity �inflammation �peritoniti
Organization of the Body
cells tissues organs systems
Levels of Organization-cells
basic units of life �specialized function
Levels of Organization-tissues
epithelial tissue �connective tissue �muscle tissue �nervous tissue
Levels of Organization-organ= groups of tissues that work together
�single structures �brain �heart �uterus
�occurring in pairs �eyes �lungs �kidneys
Levels of Organization-systems = groups of organs
involved in common set of activities �example is digestive system oobtaining food odigesting food oabsorbing nutrients
Health
a state of normal anatomy and physiology
Disease (Pathology)
the result when structures or functions of the body become abnormal
Homeostasis
maintenance of dynamic equilibrium
responsibility of the entire body all physiological processes maintain the body's balance in the various: �structures �functions �properties
makes life possible