What are the 4 main systems of yoga (and a subsystem?)
1. Jnana = path of wisdom
2. Bhakti = path of devotion
3. Karma = path of duty
4. Raja = royal path
Hatha = yoga of balanced energy (subsystem of Raja, practiced for exercise)
What are the 5 yamas? and what in general are the yamas?
ahisma (non-violence), astaya (non-stealing), satya (honesty), bramacharya (conservation of energy), aparigraha (non-attachment)
disciplines with regard to others
What are the 5 niyamas? and what in general are the niyamas?
soucha (cleanliness), santosha (contentment), tapas (drive), svadihyaya (self-study), ishvara pranidhana (surrender to the divine energy)
disciplines with regard to ourselves
8 limbs of yoga
1. Yama - social restraints, disciplines in regard to others
2. Niyama - personal observances, discipline in regard to self
3. Asana - posture
4. Pranayama - breath control
5. Pratyahara - withdrawing the mind from sensory stimulation
6. Dharana - concent
Timeline of yoga, books and time period
25000 BC Shamanism,
pre-dating written history
Vedic period
Vedas- believed to be the oldest source of knowledge
Post Vedic period
Upanishads- books of revelations
Jana yoga
Pre-classical Epic period
Bhagavad Gita- tale of duty-Hindu
Bhakti- Karma yoga
Cl
Purpose of yoga
to find a perfect balance between body and
mind that permits union with the divine or pure consciousness
two directions of curves of the spine and which section is which
cervical-lordotic
thoracic-kyphotic
lumbar-lordotic
sacral & coccyx-kyphotic
how many vertebrae are there? how many in each part
24 total vertebrae
7 in cervical
12 in thoracic
5 in lumbar
what are the 5 sections of the spine
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
Benefits of Standing Poses
-good posture
-strengthen bones, ligaments, tendons, muscles
-cardio and respiratory system
benefits of sitting poses
-improve elasticity in lower body
-easier breathing
-pacify mind
benefits of forward bends
-massage abdominal organs
-alleviate stress
-less strain on heart
-stretches back muscles
benefits of back bends
-energize body and stimulate central nervous system (so stimulate body)
benefits of twists
-cleansing effect
-supple spine
benefits of inversion poses
-alleviate stagnant blood flow
-improve health and vitality of all organ systems
benefits of balancing poses
-develop strength, control, coordination, agility and lightness
benefits of restorative poses
-relax and rejuvenate body, refresh the mind
3 phases of yoga pose
moving into pose, being in pose, moving out of the pose
gazing point in sanskrit?
drishti (think drift off your gaze)
6 (Indian) philosophies, yoga is one of them
Shat Darshana meaning
category of tadasana (also what is it)
standing poses, it is mountain pose
what do ligaments do
connect bones
what do tendons do
connect muscle to bone
how many postures in the sun salutations?
9 in A, 17 in B
benefits of sun salutations
strengthens the heart and lungs, lubricates the joints, increases
the metabolic rate and warms up the body, strengthens and stretches the major muscle groups,
improves breathing, builds stamina and develops coordination and agility.
essentially warms up t
what posture gives you the greatest restoration using the least amount of energy?
savasana (corpse pose)
What is Ashtanga yoga?
eight limbs, yogi should practice to attain enlightenment
can anything be used as a prop?
yes