What is the first body system to begin formation?
Nervous
When is formation of the nervous system complete?
Late 20's
What is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron?
Nissle body
The area when leaving the cell body towards the axon?
Axon hillock
The beginning of the axon?
Initial segment
What is the cytoplasm of a nerve axon?
Axoplasm
What is the cell membrane surrounding an axon?
Axolemma
What is the gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve, between adjacent Schwann cells?
Internodes
What is only an axon called?
Nerve fiber
What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
What does the nervous system control?
Everything in the body
What is the function of the nervous system?
Short term, fast, regulation
What type of neuron possesses a single axon and many dendrites?
Multipolar neuron
What percentage of neurons are multipolar?
99.9%
What type of neuron possesses two processes that extend off cell body and are very rare?
Bipolar neuron
What type of neuron has a single short neuron process that emerges and branches like a T?
Unipolar neuron
The extreme tip of of the terminal branch, houses neurotransmitters?
Synaptic knob
End of the neuron before the synaptic knob?
Terminal branch
The most abundant function class of a neuron, 90%?
Interneuron or association
What neuron is responsible for the efferent pathway?
Motor
What neuron transmits nerve impulse from a receptor?
Sensory
All interneurons and motor neurons are what structural class?
Multipolar
All sensory neurons are what structrual class?
Bipolar and unipolar
The three main parts of a neuron are?
Cell body, dendrites and axon
What are the three functional classes of a neuron?
Motor, sensory and interneuron
What are the three structural classes of a neuron?
Multipolar, bipolar and unipolar
The nervous system produces/secretes chemicals called?
Neurotransmitters
The most important neurotransmitter is _ because it functions in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Acetylcholine
Which glial cells form the blood-brain barrier?
Astrocytes
Which glial cells make some tissues in the brain and spinal cord appear white?
Oligodendrocytes
Membranes that line both parts of the central nervous system are called?
Meninges
The deepest membrane that line both parts of the central nervous system are called?
Pia mater
Structurally, what are the four main regions of the brain?
Cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon and brainstem
Collectively, the nervous system includes how many
cranial nerves?
24
Collectively, the nervous system includes how many
spinal nerves?
62
How many nerves are in the CNS?
0
1st step in reflex arch?
Stimulus
2nd step in reflex arch?
Receptor
3rd step in reflex arch?
Sensory neuron
4th step in reflex arch?
Interneuron
5th step in reflex arch?
Motor neuron
6th step in reflex arch?
Effector
7th step in reflex arch?
Response
What is needed to be considered a polysynaptic reflex arch?
At least 2 synapses and 3 neurons
PNS glial cell that controls nutrition and waste?
Satellite
PNS glial cell that makes 1 piece of myelin?
Neurolemmocyte
CNS glial cell that is in charge of the blood barrier?
Astrocyte
CNS glial cell that monitors CSF and is cuboidal?
Ependymal
CNS glial cell that helps with immunity?
Microglia
CNS glial cell that produces lots of sporadic myelin?
Oligodendrocytes