passive transport
substance moves using its own characteristics - NO ENERGY INPUT! Moves down the gradient from the area of higher concentration to the area of lower concentration
types of passive transport
o Simple Diffusion - moves through cell membrane
o Facilitated Diffusion - uses integral protein to get through membrane
o Osmosis - diffusion of WATER (the solvent).
� Depending on solute concentrations may result in osmotic pressure. If water is not per
active transport
� requires the addition of ATP. May go against gradient
(ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate = cellular energy)
o Primary Active Transport = solute pump
o Secondary Active Transport = occurs only after Primary has occurred
Concentration
� Concentration = amount of a solute in a solution (measured in MOLES)
concentration gradient
� Concentration Gradient = comparison of a solute's concentration between two areas (like inside vs. outside of the cell).
What is the pH scale?
a measure of how many free H+ ions there are in a solution; H+ increase when on acid side, but decrease when on basic side
What affects diffusion rates?
temperature, pressure, concentration
Solute Concentration = _____ relationship
As concentration increases, diffusion rate _______
As concentration ________, so does diffusion rate
direct; increases; decreases
Particle size = Size has an _____ relationship with diffusion rate
Smaller the particle ? _____ the diffusion rate
Bigger the particle ? slower the diffusion rate
inverse; faster
Temperature ? ______ relationship
as temp increases, diffusion rate _____
As temp decreases, diffusion rate _____
direct; increases; decreases
Dialysis answers
The iodine was able to enter the cell because it reacted with the starch to turn the clear fluid more blue.
The iodine permeable and able to enter the cell membrane
The starch was not able to enter the beaker because the ECF stayed a dark brown
Passive ?