Efferent
From the brain and goes out
Efferent
Motor Neuron
Afferent
Brings information to the cell
Afferent
Sensory Neuron
Interneuron
Communicates between motor and sensory neurons. Relay between motor and sensory.
Astrocytes
Blood brain barrier, those are the supporters.
Microglial
Phagocytosis
Neuroglial of PNS
Schwann Cells (Myelin sheath) and Satellite Cells (supports Ganglia)
PNS
will regenerate if soma is not destroyed.
CNS
Damage to axon or soma usually results in death of the neuron.
Regeneration is faster
in NON-myelinated processes.
Channels contain gates that open or close because of
Chemical and electrical changes.
Action Potential
Messages or signals to control body functions
Action Potential
Travels down an axon to the terminal end.
Action Potential
Can be carried along a dendrite to the cell body
Action Potential
Electrical changes along the surface of the membrane.
Depolarization
Sodium Influx
Dendrites
Afferent
Axon
Efferent
Myelin sheath
increase coordination of impulse or increase rate of transmission
Neurilemma
membrane surrounding the Schwann cell and myelin sheath enclosing the whole axon and its exterior parts.
Node of Ranvier
gaps in the axonal covering, points of exchange of ions.
Axon Terminals
Swollen ends of the axon.
Axon Hillock
structural point the initial segment is located, point from which neurofilaments and neurotubules of the axon develop.
Initial segment
site of initiation of a new impulse, where the impulse arises or begins
Unipolar
Eyes, Spinal cord and Ganglia
Bipolar
Eyes
Astrocytes
Structure of CNS
Astrocytes
Repair of CNS
Astrocytes
Neural Cell development
Astrocytes
Regulate ionic balance of interstitial fluid
Oligondendrocytes
Produce myelin sheath of axons in brain.
Active Transport
Maintains sufficient charge difference across the membrane
Extracellular Ions
Outside - Positive- Sodium
Intracellular Ions
Inside- Negative- Potasium and PROTEINS 70-75mv
No Sodium, Gates are closed
+30mV
Axonal Conduction
will depend on the Axon diameter, increased myelin concentration increases the rate
Factors Affecting Membrane Permeability
Electricity, Chemicals, Mechanical and Temperature.
Repolarization
Reestablish of negative charge inside the cell. Active Transport. NA out K in. Down the curve.
Hyperpolarization
Temporary state of increased negativity. Below -70mv. Final closure of K channels, membrane returns to -70mv.