Hypothalamus
monitors water balance, temperature, hunger
Pons
monitors respiration
Medulla
monitors basic respiratory rate, cardiac rate, vomiting, and swallowing
preganglionic neuron
neuron coming from CNS to
postganglionic neuron
neuron going to target tissue
-ends in varicosities (netting that goes around target to release massive amounts of neurotransmitter to affect entire area)
parasympathetic response
-slows heart rate
sympathetic response
-increase heart rate and forces contraction
Major parasympathetic tract
vagus nerve
Vagus Nerve
-collection of axons
-Contains about 75% of all parasympathetic fibers
-Sensory information from internal organs to brain
-Output from brain to organs
Targets of Autonomic Pathway
-Smooth muscle
-Cardiac muscle
-Exocrine glands
-Endocrine glands -Lymphoid tissue
-Adipose tissue
Neuroeffector junction
where neuron is going to meet the effector organ
Sympathetic Brach
-Pupil dilation
-Salivation
-Heart beat and volume
-Blood vessel and bronchiole dilation
-Fat breakdown
-Ejaculation
-digestion (inhibit)
-urination (inhibit)
-pancreas secretion(inhibit)
Parasympathetic
-stimulates digestion
-insulin release
-urination
-erections
-constricts pupils and bronchioles
Which of the following best describes the direction and function of efferent signals?
away from the central nervous system, cause motor effects in glands or muscles
a neuron that delivers an action otential from the central nervous system to a skeletal muscle
somatic motor neuron
a location outside of the central nervous system where autonomic signals can synapse
ganglion
a neuron that delivers an action potential from the central nervous system to another neuron in the peripheral nervous system
preganglionic autonomic neuron
a neuon that receives an action potential from another neuron and then delivers that action potential to a smooth muscle
postganglionic autonomic neuron
Targets of the efferent nervous system
-cardiac muscle
-skeletal muscle
-glands
-smooth muscle
preganglionic neuron from the sympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine (Ach)
preganglionic neuron from the parasympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine (Ach)
postganglionic neuron from the sympathetic nervous system
Norepinephrine (NE)
somatic motor neuron
acetylcholine (Ach)
postganglionic neuron from the parasympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine (Ach)