intuitive thinking
Preschool children mainly figure out problems by ____.
Piaget and Vygotsky
The major theorists who described children's mental development are ____.
preconceptual substage
Substage of the preoperational stage in which children ages two to four years are developing some concepts.
preoperational stage
Second of Piaget's developmental stages in which children have begun to do some mental thinking rather than solving all problems with their physical actions.
intuitive substage
Substage of the preoperational stage in which children can solve many problems correctly by imagining how they would act out the solution instead of using logic.
egocentrism
Child's belief that everyone thinks in the same way and has the same ideas as he or she does.
mental images
Symbols of objects and past experiences that are stored in the mind
internalized
Something that is only thought about and not shared with others.
abstract
Anything that stands for, but is detached from, the real object, such as words
logical thinking concepts
Ideas that are not directly experienced through the senses, but are developed through thought.
classifying
Ability to choose an attribute and group all the objects from a set (either physically or mentally) that possess that attribute.
monologue
Talking to oneself as though thinking aloud.
collective monologue
Talking to another person, but not listening to what the other person has said
TRUE
t/f The advancing motor skills of preschoolers aid their intellectual development.
TRUE
t/f Pretend play has intellectual value for preschoolers
FALSE
t/f Preschoolers can retrace the steps to undo a task
FALSE
t/f Preschool children only see a figure as a whole rather than noting its parts.
FALSE
t/f When learning vocabulary, children learn words for abstract ideas before they learn words for concrete ideas
TRUE
t/f Preschool children learn some rules of grammar.
TRUE
t/f Brain wiring for grammar occurs during the preschool period.
TRUE
t/f symbols of objects and past experiences are stored in the mind, when words or experiences trigger these pictures they are called mental images
believe everyone thinks as they do
preschool children are egocentric because they
involves changing the "real" world into the desired world
Pretned play for the child_________
cannot follow a line of reasoning back to where it started
Children cannot always think logically because they ____.
animism
Preschool children may assign human qualities to nonhumans, such as plants, animals, and objects. This is known as ____.
pretend play
Play for the child that involves changing the "real" world into the desired world
intellectual development
Development that partly consists of how people express what they know through language
mental images
images that are private and internalized
logical thinking
classifying objects is an example of what type of thinking?
Speech of four & five year olds
often using incorrect pronouns, speaking sentences that have conjunctions and prepositions, asking some questions in the correct order
Major grammatical errors of preschool children:
incorrectly using negatives, asking questions with incorrect word order, incorrectly using pronouns
examples of egocentric speech:
using pronouns without naming the person, repeating words without speaking to anyone, telling a story from the middle instead of the beginning
Most preschool children have some problems making all the sounds in their spoken language. Some facts and examples of challenges with articulation include:
In the English language, children master sounds between the ages of three and eight years, the time frame in which preschool children master sounds varies, the order in which preschoolers master sounds is about the same for most children
Examples of grammar problems for older preschool children:
trouble using the correct case of pronouns, trouble with the many irregular verb forms in the English language
Ways in which communication is made easier in the preschool years:
egocentric speech disappears, articulation gets better, vocabulary gets larger
Facts regarding the logical thinking concepts of preschool children:
classification is the ability to mentally group objects by their similar attributes, many preschool children can count without understanding numbers, preschool children have problems knowing what is on the other side of the wall in their house
T/f when children count it shows that they understand the concept of numbers
FALSE