Araneae
Spiders
0-8 eyes, 4 pairs of legs (1st pair are called pedipalps)
head = prosoma
body = opisthoma- end of body is spinneretes (female repr)
Orthoptera
Grasshoppers, Crickets and Katydids
large hind legs
winged- 2 pair or wingless
pronotum extends over abdomen (covers thorax)
Phasmatodea
Walkingsticks and Leaf Insects
hind femora is slender
slow moving
Dermaptera
Earwigs
two terminal cerci - pincer or forceps
winged or wingless (front short/ vein-less, back wings are rounded and veined)
Mantodea
Praying Mantid
elongated prothorax (torso)
raptorial forelegs (kung fu arms)
Blattodea
Cockroaches
very long filiform antennae
flattened body
legs with many spines
Hemiptera
Homoptera
True Bugs (Hemiptera), Cicadas, Hoppers, Psyllids, Whiteflies, Aphids and Scale Insects (Homoptera)
Haustellate mouth parts (piercing/ sucking) Mandibulate (chewing)
predominantly winged with x or diamond patterns
Homoptera wings are held like a tent over the body
Coleoptera
Beetles
largest most diverse order
first pair of wings hardened (elytra) usually 4 total pairs
mandibulate mouth parts for chewing and crushing
Hymenoptera
Sawflies, Parasitic Wasps, Ants, Wasps and Bees
2 pair of wings, rear reduced sub-equal or less
females with stingers or elongated ovipositor
excluding sawflies: antennae frequently elbowed and abdomen constricted to pedistal
Lepidoptera
Butterflies and Moths
2 pair of wings with scales which reflect different wavelengths of light = color
sucking mouthparts
small labrum
proboscic = curled mouthpart
Diptera
Flies (pests / vectors of disease)
1 pair of wings w/ 1 pair of halteres behind front wings
sucking/ piercing/ sponging and lapping mouthparts are present
setaceous - hairlike for sensory
Isoptera
Termites
abdominal cerci
typically pale
mouthparts based on class
frequently eat feces
no bent antennae
Phthiraptera
Lice, Crabs
small flattened legs ending in hooks
feed on blood of host
Thysanoptera
Thrips - live in flowers
very small
feather-like wings
sucking mouthparts/ short antennea
Neuroptera
Lacewings and Antlions
4 wings
mandibulate mouth parts
long antennae
Siphonaptera
Fleas (vectors of disease - BB Plague and Typhoid)
wingless
laterally flattened