GIFTS
Cultural motivations for gift giving vary and must be taken into consideration when accepting or giving a gifts
To refuse a gift may be a sign of disrespect in some cultures
To accept a gift that is "too large" may give the impression of exploitation from
MEANING of the gift
The clients' cultural context and their meaning of the gift
The client's diagnostic considerations
The client's transference issues
The client's dependency
The client's quest for approval
The client's quest for favor
A subtle equalizing or usurping of pow
Actions of Gifts
Address Client issues and Therapist issues
If unsettled or questioning the client's motivation, re-address the issue for clarification
If unsettled about the therapist issues, consider consultation
DOCUMENT THE REASONING
NON-SEXUAL TOUCH
Cultural motivations for touch vary and must be taken into consideration when accepting or receiving a physical gesture
To refuse a physical gesture such as a hug may be taken as rejection or disapproval
To initiate a physical gesture that is not wanted m
MEANING of the physical gesture
The clients' cultural context and their meaning of the gesture
The client's diagnostic considerations
The client's transference issues
The nature of the therapeutic issues
Is the therapist conveying a favored relationship with the client that elicits this
THERAPIST SELF-DISCLOSURE
Consider the therapist's theoretical orientation. Certain theories emphasize an egalitarian or equal relationship between the therapist and the client:
Feminist Therapy
Humanistic Therapies: Person-Centered and Gestalt
Existential Therapy
Postmodern Thera
PREMISE THERAPIST SELF-DISCLOSURE
Therapist self-disclosure is never for self. It is to facilitate the client's process in therapy.
Cultural motivations for self disclosure vary and must be taken into consideration. Some cultures are offended by too much self-disclosure and others welcome
MEANING of the self-disclosure
The clients' cultural context
The client's diagnostic considerations
The client's transference issues
The client's dependency
The client's desire to draw closer
Is the therapist conveying a favored relationship with the client that elicits this type of di
Positive Reasons for Self-Disclosure
To enhance the therapeutic trust
To facilitate client comfort in expressing difficult issues
To model transparency and authenticity in therapy
To model appropriate boundaries in how much to disclose
Negative Reasons for Self-Disclosure
Therapist's issues are "leaking"
Therapist's countertransference of attraction
Therapist's quest to gain favor or closeness with client
Therapist's issues intrude on the client's process
Therapist is using the client for therapy
BARTERING
Types of Bartering:
Goods
Services
APA: Barter is the acceptance of goods, services, or other nonmonetary remuneration from clients/patients in return for psychological services. Psychologists may barter only if (1) it is not clinically contraindicated, a
Bartering
Bartering is not inherently unethical, illegal or counter-clinical.
Bartering is common with poor clients who seek or need therapy but do not have the money to pay for it.
Bartering for psychotherapy is also very common in cultures and communities where b
Considerations in Bartering
In planning on entering into a bartering agreement, therapists must take into consideration the welfare of the client, his/her culture, gender, history, condition, wishes, economic status, type of treatment, avoidance of harm and exploitation, conflict of