PR interval
The time from the beginning of atrial depolarization to the beginning of ventricular depolarization is shown on the ECG waveform
The size of your fist
The average heart is approximately what size?
right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium, left atrium
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Subclavian
Blood returns to the heart via the veins. The largest vein is the
The electrical activity of the heart
What is recorded on the ECG strip?
Pericardium
The sac of tissue that encloses the entire heart is the
Mitral (bscuspid) valve
The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle is the:
deoxygenated
Blood that leaves the right ventricle is considered
The opening and closing of the heart valves
The "lubb" and "dupp" sounds you hear are made by the
conductivity
The ability of the heart cells to receive and transmit an electrical impulse is known as
60-100
The SA node sends electrical impulses at a rate of
stroke volume
The volume of blood ejected with each contraction is referred to as
automaticity
The phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart is pumping blood out to the body, also known as the contraction phase, is
conduct electrical impulses from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers
The function of the bundle branch system is to
-Causes the delay of electrical impulses, which limits the number of impulses traveling to the ventricles
-Allows for a delay to provide time for the blood to travel from the atria to the ventricles before they contract (atrial kick)
-Serves as a backup p
The AV node has several important qualities that help the heart function effectively. Name the qualities of the AV node.
ventricular relaxation
The T wave represents
Atrial contraction
The P wave represents
ST segment
The_____________________ is the time between the end of ventricular depolarization and the beginning of ventricular repolarization and is often assessed to determine ischemia or infarction process in the heart.
QRS complex
The _______________________ represents the ventricular contraction of the heart
0.12-0.20
A normal PR interval is how many seconds in length?
PR interval
The _____________________ represents the time it takes the electrical current to travel from the SA node, through the AV node, to the ventricles prior to ventricular contraction.
coronary circulation; systemic circulation
Blood travels from the body to the right side of the heart to the pulmonary circulation and then returns to the left side of the heart prior to being pumped to the _________________________ and ________________________.
ECG tracing
Electrical impulses that are carried through the heart by the electrical conduction system form the basis for the _________________________ .
how the heart is functioning electrically
The ECG waveform is indicative of
ventricular repolarization
The T wave represents
Right arm, left arm, left leg
The Einthoven triangle is formed by the following three limb leads
fourth (4th) intercostal space, right sternal border
The proper location to place the V1 lead is the
Standard limb lead (bipolar); Augmented lead (unipolar); chest leads
Name the 3 types of 12-lead ECG leads
40 Hz
The usual setting for the artifact filter is
10
To obtain a 12-lead ECG tracing, you must apply how many lead wires and electrodes to the patient?
25 mm/sec
The most common setting for standard speed rate for the ECG machine is
fourth (4th) intercostal space, left sternal border
The proper location to place the V2 lead is the
10 mm/mV
The gain control is normally set at
0.20 second and 0.5 mV
The ECG graph paper represents time horizontally and voltage vertically. What time and voltage are represented by one large box?
Alcohol; Sunlight; X-ray film
What substances can accidentally erase the ECG tracing?
Dot matrix paper requires less ink
Dot matrix paper is easier to read
Dot matrix paper produces sharper photocopies
What are the advantages of using dot matrix paper instead of the standard grid paper?
R-R method; 1500 method; 6-second method
What are the three methods to calculate heart rate on EKG?
6-second method
Which method is the ONLY one to be used for irregular rhythms of the methods to calculate heart rate?
Re-check the lead wires to make sure they are placed correctly
If you attempt to record an ECG and no tracing appears, what should you do?
Fast heart rate
The term tachycardia means:
time, voltage
The horizontal reading on the ECG paper represents _______________, and the vertical readings represent ____________________.
fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line
Lead V4 placement is at the ____________________________.
6-second method
What is the name of the method to estimate the heart rate where you locate a 6-second strip, count the number of complexes, and then multiply by 10?
set the gain to 5 mm/mV; to double the ECG tracing size, set the gain to 20 mm/mV.
To reduce the size of the ECG tracing by half, you must ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
inaccurate
If disposable electrodes are left on a patient's skin for more than two readings, __________________ECG tracings may result.
Patient name and date of birth
Identification number, patient age, and sex
Location, date, and time of recording
What information must be included on the ECG requisition?
A physician order for the test
The first thing that is needed to perform an ECG is:
You are providing privacy for the patient
What should you indicate to the patient when closing the door or pulling the curtain before performing an ECG?
Second rib
Which rib is located next to the angle of Louis?
Intercostal space
When properly positioning the chest lead electrodes, you should make sure that the electrode is placed on the _____ of the rib cage.
V1, V2, V4, V5, and V6
Which of the following chest leads are placed on the chest using specific anatomical landmarks?
in line with V4 on the midaxillary line
When applying the chest leads, you will place the V6 lead __________________________________________________.
the ECG will not run at all without the limb leads attached
You should place the limb electrodes before the chest electrodes because ___________________________________.
At equal levels on the thigh
Your patient has a cast on his lower left leg. The limb electrode placement should be ________________________________________________________.
-Assist the patient into a comfortable position
-Allow the patient to dress or cover his/her body appropriately
-Clean the lead wires, leads, and ECG machine
After completing the ECG procedure, what are the ECG technician's responsibilities?
-Removing the plug from the electrical outlet by pulling it out by the prong connection
-Ensuring that the bed or examination table is not touching the wall or any electrical equipment
-Checking the insulation on the electrical cord for cracks or frays
Electrical safety is maintained while performing an ECG by all of the following three things:
At equal levels on the thigh
Your patient has a cast on his lower left leg. The limb electrode placement should be
left
Approach the patient from the _____ if possible when performing an ECG.
Standard Precautions and Isolation Precautions(Droplet precautions, Airborne precautions, Contact precautions)
Name the types of isolation precautions implemented for hospitalized patients?
somatic tremor
What type of artifact is shown in the figure below?
Lead wires crossed and not pointed toward the hands and feet
Which of the following causes AC interference artifact?
wandering baseline
What type of artifact is shown in the figure below?
-To ensure that the patient is charged for the test
-To ensure that you are doing the ECG on the correct patient
-To verify the medications the patient is taking
Why is it critical to enter the correct and complete data into the computer when performing an ECG?
V3R
Placing lead V3 on the right side of the chest is known as:
On the right side of the chest
For infants and small children, where may you have to place lead V3 to prevent crowding of the chest electrodes?
between the T wave of one complex and the P wave of the next
The standardization mark on a manual ECG machine should be inserted:
Lead I
Which lead is typically used during continuous cardiac monitoring to provide the best view of the P wave?
About 8 to 10 inches
About how many inches of complexes should you run for leads I, II, and III?
accurate
The ECG experience should be pleasant, it should not produce anxiety for the patient, it must be done correctly, and the tracing must be _______________ .
Place the patient on her left side slighty, by using a small rolled towel under the hip hip to reduce pressure on the inferior vena cava. Place lower limb leads on upper thighs not on abdomen.
When recording an ECG tracing on a pregnant woman, it is important to:
artifact
Natural skin oils, moisturizers, and perspiration can contribute to _____________ on an ECG tracing.
personal protective equipment (PPE)
An ECG is not an invasive procedure, but it still requires you to wear _____________________________________ when performing this procedure under any circumstances.
increase
You may need to __________________ the paper speed for ECGs on infants and children.
the frame, the side rail, or any part of the bed or examination table.
While applying the electrodes, the ECG technician needs to ensure that the patient is not touching _____________________________________________________.
protect the patient, call for help, and report the seizure
If the patient has a seizure during the ECG, you should __________________________________________________________.