digital darwinism
organizations that cannot adapt to new demands and are doomed for extinction
disruptive technology
way of doing things that initially do not meet needs of existing customers
sustaining technology
produces an improved product customers are eager to buy
innovator's dilemma
companies taking advantage of disruptive technology w/o hindering existing relationships
internet
massive network that connects computers all over the world
WWW
provides access to internet info
HTML
hypertext markup language
Web browser
allows users to access the WWW
hypertext transport protocol
what the internet uses to request and display web pages using URL
URL
universal resource locator
web 1.0
how WWW was referred to as from 1991-2003
ecommerce
buying and selling of products over the internet
ebusiness
activities related to internal and external operations
mass customization
ability of organization to tailor products or services to customers' specifications
personalization
when a company knows enough about a customer's likes and dislikes that it can show offers that are appealing to that person
long tail
tail of sales curve
intermediary
agents, software, or businesses that provide a trading infrastructure to bring buyers and sellers together
- disintermediation
-rentermediation
-cybermediation
clickstream data
tracks the exact pattern of a consumer's navigation through a website
associate program
businesses that generate commissions or royalties
viral marketing
technique that induces websites or users to pass on a marketing message
website metrics include
visitor, exposure, visit, & hit
ebusiness model
plan that says how a company creates, delivers, and generates revenue on the internet
search engine
software that finds other pages based on keywords matching to google
search engine ranking
evaluates where a URL appears on the list of search results
search engine optimization
combines art and science to determine how to make URLs more attractive to be higher in search engine ranking
ebusiness revenue models
advertising fees, license fees, subscription fees, transaction fees, value-added fees
web 2.0
the next generation of internet use- more mature, distinctive communications characterized by 3 qualities: collaboration, sharing, free
open system
nonproprietary hardware and software based on standards that allow 3rd parties to create add on products
user-contributed content
created and updated by many users for many users
collaboration system
tools that support group work by facilitating the sharing & flow of info
collective intelligence
collaborating and tapping into the core knowledge of all employees, partners, & customers
knowledge management
capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets that provides context for efectiveness
explicit knowledge
anything that can be documented, achieved, and codified- help from IT
tacit knowledge
knowledge contained in people's heads
crowdsourcing
the wisdom of the crowd
social media
websites that rely on user participation and contributed content
social network
app that connects people by matching profile info
social networking
practice of expanding business/social contacts by a personal network
tags
specific keywords or phrases incorporated into website content
blog
online journal where user can post their own comments, graphics, and videos
wiki
collaborative web page that allows users to add, remove and change content
mashup
website or app that uses content from more than one source to create a completely new product or service
web 3.0
based on intelligent, natural language processing
semantic web
component of web 2.0 that describes things in a way that computers can understand
egovernment
involves strategies and technologies to transform governments by improving delivery or services
mobile business
ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless internet enabled device
personal area networks (PAN)
provides communication over a short distance that is intended for use w devices that are operated by a single user
bluetooth
wireless PAN technology that transmits signals over short distances between cell phones & computers
wireless LAN (WLAN)
local area network that uses radio signals to transmit & receive data over distances of a few 100 feet
wireless fidelity (wifi)
portable devices can connect wirelessly to a local area network
access point
computer or network device that serves as an interface between devices and the network
wireless access point
enables devices to connect to a wireless network to communicate with each other
multiple in/out technology
multiple transmitters and receivers allowing them to send and receive greater amounts of data than traditional networking devices
wireless MAN
a metropolitan area network that uses radio signals to transmit and receive data
worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX)
a communications technology aimed at providing high-speed wireless data over metro areas
wireless WAN (WWAN)
a wide area network that uses radio signals to transmit and receive data
smart phone
more advanced computing ability and connectivity compared to basic cell phones
3G
service that brings wireless broadband to mobile phones
streaming
method of sending audio and video files via internet
satellite
space station that orbits the earth receiving & transmitting signals from earth based stations over a wide area
wired equivalent privacy (WEP)
encryption algorithm designed to protect wireless transmission data
war chalking
practice of tagging pavement with codes displaying where wifi access is available
war driving
deliberately searching for wifi signals while by in a vehicle
radio frequency identification
uses electronic tags and labels to identify objets wirelessly over short distances
RFID tag
electronic identification device that is made up of a chip and antenna
RDIF reader
a transmitter/receiver that reads contents of RDIF tags in the area
passive RDIF
does not have power source
active RDIF
contains transmitter and power source (battery)
semipassive RDIF tag
uses battery to run microchip circuitry
asset tracking
occurs when a company places active or semi-passive RFID tags on expensive products or assets to gather data
RFID accelerometer
device that measures the acceleration of an item and is used to track truck/taxi speeds
chipless RDIF tag
plastic or silicon based microchips that are able to be washed or exposed to water without damage
GPS
satellite based navigation system
automatic vehicle location
uses GPS to track vehicles
latitude
north/south
longitude
east/west
geocache
a GPS technology adventure game that posts longitude and latitude location on internet for users to find
geocoin
coin uniquely numbered and hidden in geocache
geographic information system
consists of hardware, software, and data that provides location for display on a multidimensional map
cartography
the science and art of making an illustrated map or chart
edge mapping
when paper maps are laid edge to edge and do not match
GIS map autmaiton
links business assets to a centralized system where they can be tracked and monitored over time
spatial data
geographic location of features and boundaries on earth
geocoding
spatial databases coding process that assigns a digital map feature a unique ID classification
location based services
apps that use location info to provide a service
systems development life cycle
overall process for developing systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance
planning phase
establishes a high-level plan of the intended project and determines project goals
analysis phase
analyzing end-user business requirements and goals into defined functions
design phase
desired features and operations of the system- ex: layouts, rules, diagrams
development phase
taking all designs and documents and turning them into the actual system
testing phase
bringing all project pieces together and testing to eliminate errors and bugs and that it meets all requirements
implementation phase
involves placing system into production so users can actual test it
maintenance phase
changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure it meets business goals
software development methodologies
waterfall, agile, RAD, extreme programming, RUP, scrum
waterfall methodology
sequence of phases in which output of each phase becomes the input for the next
iterative development
series of tiny projects
agile methodology
aims for customer satisfaction through easy and continuous delivery of useful software components
prototype
a small scale representation of model of users; requirements or proposed design for information system
extreme programming (XP) methodology
breaks a project into tiny phases, developers cant continue on to next phase until first phase is complete
SCRUM
small teams to produce small pieces of deliverable software using sprints or 30-day intervals
service-oriented architecture
business driven enterprise that supports integrating a business as linked, repeatable activities, tasks, or services
project
temporary activities undertaken to create a unique product or service
project management
application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project to meet requirements
project manager
expert in project planning and management, defines and develops the project and makes sure it is completed on time and on budget
project deliverable
any measurable, tangible, result or item that is produced to complete a project
project milestone
represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed
project management office
an internal department that oversees all organizational projects
project stakeholder
individuals and organizations actively involved in the project
executive sponsor
the person or group who provides the financial resources for the project
smart criteria
useful reminders on how to ensure that the project has created understandable/measurable objectives
project plan
formal approved document that manages and controls project execution
insourcing
professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain its information technology systems
outsourcing
arrangement that one organization provides a service for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house
factors driving outsourcing
core competencies
financial savings
rapid growth
the internet and globalization