Too little inflammation will cause a wound to heal how?
Slowly
what are the 3 types of PAMS
thermal, mechanical, electrical/electromagnettic
effects of PAMS
reduce tissue inflammation
accelerate tissue healing
relieves pain
alters collagen extensibility
modifies muscle tone
if there is chronic inflammation what would you use? what would you avoid
fluidotherapy and parafin
avoid cyrotherapy
how would thermotherapies help wound healing?
increase circulation and tissue extensibility
Excessive inflammation will cause a wound do heal how?
Excess scarring
How do wounds heal?
Edges to center
What's the first response to cryotherapy?
Vasoconstriction
What's the first response to heat?
vasodilation
What is the least conductive tissue to heat?
Adipose
How long does it take for nerve conduction to occur?
small myelinated = 12-30 m.sec
unmyelinated = 0.5-2 m/sec
How long is a cold pack applied?
15-20 min
What is the therapeutic range for heat?
104-114 degrees (40-45)
What is the therapeutic range for cryotherapy?
45 degrees (7)
What is the depth of penetration for heat?
1-2 cm
What is the depth of penetration for cryotherapy?
1 cm
What is the depth of penetration for ultrasound?
up to 5 cm
Biophysiological response to thermal application (increased/decreased tempertature) is dependent on what?
Rate
Duration
Volume
Changes in electrical current in dependent on?
Modulation
Another word for adaptation?
Accommodation
What is the relationship between electrode placement and depth of penetration?
The closer the placement = the more superficial
The farther the placement = the deeper the penetration
Explain the relationship between ERA and treatment size?
Twice the size of the ERA
What do you do when you have a hot spot while applying ultrasound?
Move the sound head
Still issues? Decrease the amplitude
What causes hot spots in electrotherapy?
If they are dried out or loose on the skin because of hair. Uneven.
What parameters are associated with unstable cavitation in ultrasound?
1 MHz, continuous, 1.5-2.5 w/cm^2
What parameters is associated with stable cavitation in ultrasound?
3 MHz, pulsed, 0.1-0.8 w/cm^2