Gold topped tubes should be inverted how many times?
5 to 8 times
What blood collection tube is used for sterile blood collection of trace elements and nutritional studies?
royal blue topped tube
What blood collection tube is used for the collection of blood for a DIFF?
purple topped tube
How many times should a lavender tube be inverted?
8 to 10 times
What additives are in the gray tube?
sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate
Pink topped tubes are used for?
blood bank collection
For newborns, the penetration depth of safety lancets for blood collection must be:
2.0 mm or less
The BMP LeukoChek can be used for
microcollection and dilution of blood samples for the WBC count
Which of the following additives prevent coagulation of blood by removing calcium through the formation of insoluble calcium salts?
EDTA, potassium oxalate, sodium citrate
A blood cell count requires whole blood to be collected in a
lavender topped tube
Which of the following tests requires blood collected in a tan topped tube?
lead
What is a serum separation tube
vacuette serum tube
What anticoagulant is found in a green topped tube
Sodium Heparin
What anticoagulant is used in blood donations
citrate-phosphate-dextrose
What is a micro collection system
BMP LuekoChek
SPS tubes are used in the collection of
microbiology specimens
Lithium heparin is a suitable anticoagulant for which of the following tests?
creatine levels
What additive is found in a tan topped tube
EDTA
The yellow topped tube has what additive
sodium polyanethol sulfonate
What specimen collection tube is commonly used for hematology tests
EDTA
What specimen collection tube is used for hemostasis and what additive is in it?
sodium citrate
Adding too much blood to a sodium citrate tube can cause:
shorter clotting time
To avoid specimen hemolysis
cleanse the site with alcohol and allow the site to air dry
Blood culture tubes are what color
yellow
99% of circulating blood cells in the body are
RBCs
An aneurysm is when
there is a weakened area of the blood vessel wall
Polycythemia
high RBC count
The liquid portion of blood and lymph
plasma
When blood exits the right ventricle, it travels to the
pulmonary circuit
Basophils and neutrophils are
granulocytes
Leukocytes
white blood cells
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
Thrombocyte
platelet
Systole
Contraction of the heart
Diastole
Relaxation of the heart
The atrioventricular valves function to prevent
backward blood flow through heart
A differential count refers to
specific types of WBCs
ESRD
end-stage renal disease
Hormones are produced in the
endocrine
Tuberculosis is a disease in what body system
respiratory
Protection is the primary function of which of the following systems?
integumentary
Ventral
front
How many lobes does the human right lung have
3 lobes
As CO2 levels increase in the blood, the blood pH
decreases (becomes more acidic)
A test request for O & P refers to
an evaluation for parasites
A solid mass derived from blood constituents that occludes a blood vessel is a
thrombus
If the tourniquet is applied to the arm for longer than 3 mins which of the following analyses will most likely become falsely elevated
potassium
Basal state exists
in the early morning, 12 hours after the last ingestion of food
Which of the following analyses is significantly increased in the blood with changes in position
calcium
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces of the body that is localized or diffused is referred to as
edema
Which of the following lab test results is affected most if the patient is NOT fasting
triglycerides
Diurnal rhythm has a major effect on which of the following blood analytes?
ACTH
Another word for fainting
syncope
A decrease in the plasma volume occurring with an increased concentration of cells and larger molecules such as cholesterol is referred to as
hemoconcentration
Which of the following occurs as a result of inflammation and disease of the interstitial compartments
sclerosed veins
hemolysis in collected blood can cause a falsely decreased value for
hemoglobin
Which of the following analytes will be falsely increased when a sodium citrate blood collection tube is underfilled
PT
Petechiae appear
when small amounts of blood escape into skin epithelium
TAT refers to
the time it takes for laboratory test results to be completed
Which of the following is a possible occurrence if a blood specimen tube for hematology tests is filled correctly but not mixed long enough?
tiny clots will form in the specimen
Which of the following is a possible occurrence if a blood specimen tube for hematology tests is filled correctly but mixed too long or too vigorously?
hemolysis will occur
Glycolytic action refers to
breakdown of glucose
Serum should be transported to the laboratory for testing and separated from blood cells within which of the following time periods to prevent erroneous test results?
as soon as possible
Cooling a blood specimen causes
slowing of metabolic processes
When do the phlebotomists duties end?
when the test results are reported
Which of the following is considered confidential patient information?
clinical lab results of a patient
Assays that require a chilled specimen include:
gastrin, ammonia, catecholamine, and lactic acid
Specimens that require protection from light include those for:
bilirubin and folate
Specimens that require transport at 37 C include
cryofibrinogen
Specimens being tested would not usually require centrifugation in which of the following areas?
coagulation and hematology
For specimens that require centrifugation, serum or plasma should be removed from the cells within what period of time?
2 hours
It is preferable to make blood smears from EDTA specimens within what period of time after the specimen is collected?
1 hour
How long does it usually take for a serum specimen to form a clot?
30-60 mins
Which of the following is identical for venipuncture and capillary puncture procedure?
greeting, identification, and hand hygiene
Skin puncture techniques are useful in which of the following conditions?
when the patient is neonate
When should capillary blood samples be labeled?
before mixing
Blood smears for evaluation of cells must be made carefully. Which of the following features should be present?
a feathered edge
Blood from a skin puncture is
a mix of blood and interstitial fluid
Which of the following sequences is the best method for performing a fingerstick?
decontaminate, puncture the skin, wipe the first drop, collect the sample
What is the best angle for spreading a blood smear by using two glass slides?
30 degrees
Which of the following chemical agents should be used to cleanse a patients finger before skin puncture?
isopropanol
What is the average skin puncture depth appropriate for an adult?
2-3 mm
Excessive massaging or milking of the finger during a skin puncture procedure can cause:
hemolysis and contamination of the specimen with tissue fluids
Osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
In making a blood smear or slide, after the drop of blood has been spread across the glass slide, what is the next step?
allow it to air dry
Fingerstick procedures cannot be performed when which test is ordered?
blood cultures
Another instance when a fingerstick should not be performed on a patient is when the following has been ordered:
coagulation test
Phlebotomists should ask about which of the following prior to a fingerstick?
if the patient has had anything to eat or drink lately
Which of the following is obtained through a lumbar puncture?
cerebrospinal fluid
Nasopharyngeal culture collection may be used to diagnose
whooping cough
Creatinine clearance is determined through the use of
urine specimen
A fluid examined to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy, investigate the possibility of sexual criminal charges, and assess fertility is
semen
Which of the following types of urine specimens is the "cleanest" or least contaminated?
midstream specimen
Amniotic fluid can be found
around the fetus in the uterus
A 24 hour urine specimen can be collected to test for
creatinine clearance
Pericardial fluid is collected from the
heart cavity
Throat cultures are most commonly obtained to determine the presence of a
streptococcus infection
The fluid collected from a joint cavity is
synovial fluid
The sweat chloride test is performed on infants with a positive
newborn screen
Heliobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that causes
peptic ulcers
The FOBT is an abbreviation for the test to detect
occult blood
Skin tests are used to determine whether a patient has ever had contact with:
a particular antigen and has produced antibodies to that antigen
A urine C&S should be performed on a
clean catch midstream sample
Peritoneal fluid is located
in the abdominal cavity
Presence of ketone bodies in the urine can indicate
diabetes mellitus
The most convenient type of urine specimen to collect is the
random specimen
Which of the following types of specimens is most frequently collected for analysis?
urine
The O&P analysis is requested on
fecal specimens
What type of urine specimen is needed to detect an infection?
clean catch
The occult blood analysis is frequently requested on:
fecal specimen
The sweat chloride test is used to diagnose:
cystic fibrosis
Which of the following can be used in children and infants to diagnose whooping cough?
nasopharyngeal culture
The guaiac smear test is used for
occult blood detection
The term "phlebotomy" is derived from greek words that mean
vein, cut
The terms "venesection/venisectionare" synonymous with
phlebotomy
An emergency care center is an example of which type of health care setting?
ambulatory care
what are competency statements for health care workers?
skills and abilities required for job performance
Which of the following is the medical speciality that pertains to the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders?
dermatology
Which of the following specialities would relate to diagnosis and treatment of cancer?
oncology
Receiving an emergency lab test request is an example of which phase of laboratory testing?
preexamination/preanalytical
Assessing a patient for a suitable vein to perform a venipuncture procedure is an example of which phase of lab testing?
preexamination/preanalytical
Identification and labeling of a blood specimen after a venipuncture procedure is an example of which phase of lab testing?
preexamination/preanalytical
Using an antiseptic for cleansing the skin prior to a venipuncture procedure is an example of which phase of laboratory testing?
preexamination/preanalytical
Centrifugation of a blood specimen is an example of which phase of lab testing?
preexamination/preanalytical
Performing a lab test on a patients blood specimen is an example of which phase of lab testing?
examination/analytical
In which circumstances is the phlebotomist likely to collaborate with the pharmacy?
when asked to collect specimens for drug monitoring
Which of the following would do the most to promote a professional appearance in a patient care setting?
good posture and personal hygiene
There are many professional expectations for phlebotomists, but one of the most important is following a code of ethics. Which of the following would be an example of ethical behavior?
respect for patients privacy
The concept of meeting and exceeding customer expectations by resolving immediate problems, and finding opportunities for improvement where no problems are evident, is known as
continuous quality improvement (CQI)
Cleanliness and personal hygiene are important for
Personal and patient safety
Professional certification typically refers to
Passing a national examination and completing continuing education
Licensure typically refers to
passing a state-required examination and/or continuing education
The term "right to know" refers to
The patients right to information about his procedures and who is performing them
Six Sigma is an example of a
quality improvement framework
When a phlebotomist gives aid during an emergency, he or she is usually protected through:
implied consent
The standard of care presently used in phlebotomy malpractice legal cases involving health care providers is based on the conduct of the average phlebotomist in which area?
national community
The federal law enacted that regulates the quality and accuracy of lab testing by creating a uniform set of provisions governing all clinical labs is referred to
CLIA
Which of the following agencies administers CLIA?
EPA
Which of the following has recognized rights for patients in health care organizations through "The Patient Care Partnership"?
AHA
Which of the following is the specimen of choice for testing acid-base balance and respiratory status of a patient?
arterial blood
When blood is collected from the radial artery for an arterial blood gas collection, the needle should be inserted at an angle of
30-45 degrees
Which of the following supplies is not needed during an arterial puncture for an ABG determination?
tourniquet
Which of the following is the most frequently used site for blood collection for arterial blood gas?
radial artery
Which of the following is used to help in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
HbA1c
Postprandial refers to
after eating
What is the rationale for performing the Allen test?
to determine whether the radial and ulnar arteries are providing collateral circulation
Which of the following evacuated tubes is appropriate for the collection of a blood culture specimen?
yellow topped tube
What is a cannula
A tubular instrument used to gain access to venous blood
To obtain the blood trough level for a medication, the patient's blood should be collected:
immediately before administration of the medication
Which of the following is the minimum hematocrit value of a blood donor must have to give a blood donation
38%
Which of the following procedures often requires blood collection for trough and peak level determinations?
therapeutic drug monitoring
Which of the following procedures requires two 10 mL disposable syringes filled with sterile normal saline, one 3 mL disposable syringe filled with injectable heparinized saline, and two 10 mL disposable syringes with needeless cannula?
blood collection through CVCs
Which of the following guidelines must the patient abide by to properly prepare for the GTT?
The patient must not eat anything for 14 hours before the GTT
Which of the following medications has a shorter half life and therefore requires exact timing in blood collection for its therapeutic level?
gentamicin
Therapeutic phlebotomy is used in the treatment of
polycythemia
What is detected by measuring troponin T?
heart damage
Synonymous with POCT
near patient testing
Most rapid methods for glucose testing require:
Skin puncture blood
what refers to hematocrit
PCV, crit
Which of the following blood assays can assist in the diagnosis and evaluation of anemia
hemoglobin
SD stands for
standard deviation
Which of the following is released from the pancreas and has a major effect on blood glucose levels?
insulin
The AccuChek Aviva monitor is used to test
glucose
Which of the following is recommended to use to routinely clean the POCT instruments
5% bleach solution
The blood pH determines whether the blood:
is too acidic or too alkaline
The Cholestech LDX system measures
total cholesterol
bad cholesterol
LDL cholesterol
A yellow substance that the body synthesizes to replace old RBCs is called
bilirubin
The CoaguChek XS system measures
PT/INR
PCV stands for
packed cell volume
A less than normal number of RBCs in a patient is referred to as
anemia
The HbA1c assay is used to monitor a patients
glycemic control
Which of the following measures a cardiac monitoring analyte
CoaguChek Sytem
Which of the following is an agency of the US department of labor that requires employers to provide measures that will protect workers exposed to biological hazards
OSHA
The HICPAC transmission based precautions include
airborne, droplet, contact
Proper sequence for removal of isolation apparel after blood collection in an isolation room
gloves, gown, mask
In the "chain of infection", the reservoir is
the patient who is carrying the pathogen
What is a vector in transmitting infectious diseases
mites
Nosocomial infection occurs when
the chain of infection is complete
The blue quadrant of the diamond indicates
health hazard
The use of the SDS format for hazard communication sheets is required by the
global harmonization system
Which of the following should NOT be done for a shock victim who seems to be not fully conscious
give fluids to keep the victim from becoming dehydrated
Which organization developed a labeling system for hazardous chemicals that is frequently used in health care facilities
NFPA
The HazCom standard requires chemical manufacturers to supply:
SDSs
What are the major principles of self protection from radiation exposure
time, distance, shielding
The yellow quadrant of the diamond indicates
instability hazard
Class C fires are
electrical fires