Which skill is a student using when she touches the soil in a plant pot to feel whether it is dry ?
making an observation
An educated guess or a possible answer to a question is an________
Hypothesis
Which of the following actions is quantitative observations about a group of puppies ?
use a scale to measure the change in mass
the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine are parts of the digestive system. This is an example of which characteristic of life ?
displays organization
A caterpillar undergoes metamorphosis to become a butterfly. This is an example of which Characteristic of Life?
grows and develops
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Science is an unbiased approach to a question or problem where all data is used to determine the outcome
During a controlled scientific investigation, what would a scientist do after the data has been analyzed ?
Evaluate the hypothesis
All of the following are characteristics of science EXCEPT ?
no peer review
type of data where measurements are recorded
Quantitative
When you evaluate your hypothesis using data
Conclusion
Instructions on how to carry out an expirement
Procedure
Type of picture used to present collected data
Graph
Scientific discoveries begin with this
Questions
Carbon- 13 and carbon-14 are isotopes of each other. Why are both atoms carbon atoms?
They both have the same number if protons
Which of the following is NOT a property of water that causes it to behave differently than any other substance on Earth?
Has a low surface tension
Water is a polar molecule because_________
The electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms.
Vinegar is an example of a solution. Which statement below best describes a solution ?
A substance that is completely dissolved and evenly distributed in another substance
Mayonnaise is an example of a colloid. Which statement below best describes a colloid?
two substances that don't normally mix together but are forced to do so by help from an emulsifer
During a chemical reaction, atoms of the beginning molecules are rearranged to form new molecules. Which process can be accomplished using a chemical reaction?
A molecule of glucose can be made from Carbon Dioxide and water
A + BC --------> AB + C. Which of the following are the reactants?
A+BC
A + BC --------> AB + C. Which of the following are the products ?
AB+C
The energy that is needed to break any bonds in the reactants to get the chemical reaction started is called the__________?
Activation Energy
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by___________?
lowering the activation energy
All of the following affect how enzymes work EXCEPT ?
Activation Energy
When substrate is added to a chemical reaction that includes an enzyme,e, the rate of reaction increase rapidly and then levels off. What statement below best describes why this occurs
All of the active sites of the enzymes are occupied by substrates because one enzyme can only interact with one substrate at a time
contains the genetic information to produce proteins
Nucleic Acid
enzymes are an example that folds into 3D structures
Protein
makes up cellular membranes
Lipid
used for the production of energy
Carbohydrate
the substance that is dissolved
solute
has more hydroxide ions in solution
base
water is attracted to something else
adhesion
has more hydrogen ions in solution
acid
the substance that does the dissolving
solvent
water is attracted to itself
cohesion
Ecology is the study of ?
Interdependence of organisms and their environment
what is the original source of the energy that flows through most ecosystems?
light energy
Abiotic and biotic factors are related because
they Bothe contribute to the quality of ab ecosystem
why must there be a continuous supply of energy into an ecosystem?
energy only flows in a "one- way stream" through an ecosystem?
On average, what proportion of the energy in an ecosystem is transferred from one trophic level to the next?
10%
In an energy pyramid, if there are 2000 units of energy available of the energy pyramid, approximately how many units of energy are available to the secondary- consumer level?
200
Which of the following are part of the biogeochemical cycles found on Earth?
all of the above
Starting with grass , write a food chain that is represented in the food web above.
grass------> grasshopper------> insect
living organisms that ingest dead organisms
detritivore
organisms that must consume other organisms for energy
heterotroph
living organisms that eat only animals
carnivore
organisms that make their own energy
autotroph
living organisms that eat only plants
herbivore
living organisms that eats both plant sand animals
omnivore
living organisms that absorb nutrients from dead organisms
saprophytes
Cells fall into two broad categories, depending on wether they_____
have a nucleus
Prokaryotes and plant cells are similar because
they both have a cell wall
animal cells are different from plant cells because a
have lysosomes
All cells, regardless of cell type, have the following structures______
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
The first scientist to use the term "cell" was _____
Robert Hooke
The work of Robert Hooke and Anton Von Leeuwenhoek contributed to which part of cell theory?
Cell are the basic unit of structure and function
The work of Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann contributed to which part of cell theory?
All living things are made of cells
The work of Rudolph Virchow contributed to which part of cell theory ?
New cells only come from existing cells
contains the ocular lens
Eyepiece
magnification ranges from 10X to 40X
Objective Lens
moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image
Fine adjustment Knob
regulates the amount of light on the specimen
Diaphragm
Moves the stage up and down for focusing
Coarse Adjustment Knob
cell products are released outside the cell from inside the cell
facilitated diffusion
transport of molecules which does not require energy
passive transport
large molecules are pulled into the call by a vesicle
endocytosis
transport of molecules which requires the use of energy
active transport
diffusion of water molecules through the cell membrane
osmosis
a state where the concentration of molecules is equal
equilibrium
which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between autotrophs and heterotrophs ?
Heterotrophs must consume autotrophs for nutrients
energy is released from ATP when______
a phosphate group is removed
A granum is an______
a stack of thylakoids
the light- collecting units of a chloroplast are the__________
thylakoids
Which step is the beginning of photosynthesis ?
Pigments in Photosystem II and 1 absorb light
what molecules produced in the light- dependent reactions are used in the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH
which molecule is shown in the diagram below?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Where do the light independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?
stroma
Due to photosynthesis in plants, the ultimate source of energy for all living things on Earth is carbon dioxide
sunlight
Where do light dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place?
thylakoids
Base don the equation for photosynthesis shown below, which of the following is produced by the reaction?
6 CO2+6 H2O+ light -------> _________ + 6 O2
C6H12O6
cells that conduct photosynthesis have a high number of which organelle ?
chloroplast
which molecule combines with carbo dioxide to start the reactions of the Calvin cycle ?
RuBP
why do pigments appear to have a color associated with them?
The light is reflected back from the pigment is the color of the pigment
the process whereby plants capture energy and make complex sugars is known as _____?
Photosynthesis
Where do the H+ come from that are used in the light dependent reactions?
water is split into oxygen and H+
where in the leaf does photosynthesis occur?
palisade cells
Where in the leaf does gas exchange occur ?
stroma