Intermediate Colors
Also known as tertiary colors. Colors made by mixing a primary color with a secondary color adjacent to it on the color wheel (for example, yellow and orange).
Perspective
system for portraying the visual impression of three-dimensional space and objects in it on a two-dimensional surface.
Contour Lines
Lines we draw to record the boundaries of 3D objects
Shape
two-dimensional area/thing that has identifiable boundaries
Created by lines, color or value changes, or some combination of these.
mass
Three dimensional form, often implying bulk, density, and weight
Figure
The shape we detach and focus on
Ground
The surrounding visual information that the figure stands out from. The information that is perceived as secondary in a two-dimensional image.
Positive Shapes
_____ Shapes are ones that we perceive as figures. In two-dimensional images, the relationship between a shape that we perceive as dominant (the figure) and the background shape that we perceive it against (the ground).
Negative Shapes
The shapes of the ground
Model
Shape into three dimensions
Values
Shades of light and dark. Created by smoothing away the burrs in varying degrees (smoothing the plate altogether creates a nonprinting area, or white). Also, the resultant print.
Chiaroscuro
In drawing or painting, the _______ is the treatment and use of light and dark.
Hatching
Areas of closely spaced parallel lines that cause shading
Cross-hatching
_____-_____ is when many different lines go in different ways to form shading
stippling
Using many dots in order to shade
refracted
Broken up light
color wheel
Standard colors arranged in a circle. A circular arrangement of hues used to illustrate a particular color theory or system. The most well-known color wheel uses the spectral hues of the rainbow plus the intermediary hue of red-violet.
primary colors
The colors on the color wheel that are red, yellow, and blue
secondary colors
Orange, green, violet. Hue created by combining two primary colors, as yellow and blue mixed together yield green.
tertiary colors
Product of primary and secondary colors
warm colors
Brighter colors that represent the sun or fire
cool colors
Darker colors. Blue-green colors. Colors ranged along the blue curve of the color wheel, from green through violet.
palette
Wooden board on which artist traditionally set out their pigments
hue
Name of a color according to the categories of the color wheel - green or red.
value
The relative lightness or darkness of a hue, or of a neutral varying from white to black.
Tint
color lighter than a hue's normal value. Pink is a ___ of red.
shade
A color darker than a hue's normal value. Maroon is a _____ of red.
intensity
The relative purity or brightness of a color. Also called Chroma or saturation.
chroma
See intensity. Relative purity or brightness of a color. Also called saturation.
monochramitc
Having only one color. Descriptive of work in which one hue�perhaps with variations of value and intensity�predominates.
complementary
Hues that intensify each other when juxtaposed and dull each other when mixed (as pigment). On a color wheel, _________ hues are situated directly opposite each other.
analogous
collocation of hues that contain the same color in differing proportions, such as red-violet, pink, and yellow-orange, all of which contain red.
triadic
color scheme based in three hues equidistant from one another on the color wheel, such as yellow-orange, blue-green, and red-violet.
restricted palette
palette that is imited to a few colors and their mixtures, tints, and shades.
open palette
palette is one in which all colors are permitted
simultaneous
The perceptual phenomenon where by complementary colors appear most brilliant when set side by side.
optical color mixture
The tendency of the eyes to blend patches of individual colors placed near one another so as to perceive a different, combined color.
EX: pointillism of Georges Seurat.
pointillism
quasi-scientific painting technique of the late 19th century, developed and promulgated by Georges Seurat and his followers, in which pure colors were applied in regular, small touches (points) that blended through optical color mixture when viewed at a c
picture plane
Literal surface of a painting imagined as window, so that objects depicted in depth are seen as behind or receding in the ____ ____, and objects in the extreme foreground are seen as up against the ___ ____
EX: Favorite trick of trompe-l'oeil painters is
vanishing point
_____ _____ is the point on the horizon where parallel lines appear to converge.
kinetic
Having to do with motion. ___-- art incorporates (rather than depicts) real or apparent movement. Broadly defined, _____ art may include film, video, and Performance art. However, the term is most often applied to sculpture that is set in motion by motors
afterimage
Image that persists after the visual stimulus that first produced it has ceased. The mechanics of vision cause an _____ to appear in the complementary hue of the original stimulus.
saturation
See intensity. The relative purity or brightness of a color. Also called Chroma
composition
The organization of lines, shapes, colors, and other art elements in a work of art. More often applied to two-dimensional art
design
Organization of visual elements in a work of art. In two-dimensional art, often referred to as composition.
visual weight
____ _____ is the apparent "heaviness" or "lightness" of the forms arranged in a composition, as gauged by how insistently they draw the viewer's eye.
scale
_____ is the size in relation to a standard or normal size. Used to measure different sizes
proportion
________ refers to size relationships between parts of a whole, or between two or more items perceived as a unit.
hierarchical scale
The representation of more important figures as larger than less important figures, as when a king is portrayed on a larger scale than his attendants.