Alexander Calder was one of the first artists to explore the possibilities of __________.
kinetic sculpture
The Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton is an excellent example of architecture using:
cast iron and glass
Michelangelo's Awakening Slave is a good example of this kind of sculpture:
subtractive.
The architect Frank O. Gehry has the idea that architecture is similar to functional sculpture, as can be seen in his _______________.
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
Julio Gonzalez was the sculptor who first used the _____________ to create his metal sculptures.
welding torch
The Roman aqueduct Pont du Gard is a good example of the _____________ method of construction.
arch and arcade
The Chicago School of architecture was led by the first great modern American architect:
Louis sullivan
The cast aluminum work Corporate Wars: Wall of Influence by artist Robert Longo is an excellent example of a __________ sculpture.
high relief
Gothic builders were able to open large wall areas for windows because of the use of the pointed arch and _________________.
flying buttresses
America's contribution to twentieth-century architecture was:
the skyscraper
bas-relief
sculpture that is not freestanding, but projects slightly from the surface
lost-wax process
A casting process often used for bronze.
kinetic
sculpture that moves
installation
using 3d media to visually tell a story, often involving an entire space
Frank Lloyd Wright
Falling Water, 1936
Walter Gropius
Bauhaus
Le Corbusier
Domino Construction System, 1914
Louis Sullivan
Wainwright Building
Lara Schnitger
Grim Boy, 2005
Marc Andre Robinson
Throne for the Greatest Rapper of All Time, 2005
Elizabeth Catlett
Mother and Child #2, 1971
Charles Ray
Father Figure, 2007
Aqua Tower, Chicago, Illinois, 2010
Green construction
Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, 532-535
Dome on pendentives
Jeppesen Terminal Building, Denver International Airport, 1994
suspension structure
Seagram Building
New York City, 1954-1958
steel frame construction
Trusses
triangular framework used to span or support
groin vault
the intersection of two barrel vaults
Cantilever
The overhanging portion of a beam or slab extended beyond a supporting wall or column.
Curtain wall
An exterior building wall that is not load bearing.
All four ancient civilizations emerged in the valleys of the big rivers. Which territory was named Mesopotamia -"the land between the rivers?
tigris and Euphrates rivers valley (in Iraq)
Egyptian pyramids were built to serve as:
tombs
Mask from Mummy Case was found in the tomb of which pharaoh?
Tutankhamen
What distinguishes the imagery in the Chauvet Cave from that of the Great Gallery in Horseshoe Canyon?
the figures are naturalistic
Paleolithic
Old Stone Age
Neolithic
New Stone Age
petroglyph
rock engraving
Pig-Deer and Hand. Cave painting
indonesia
Murujuga Petroglyphs
Australia
Burial Urn
China
Earthenware Beaker
Iran
Stonehenge
Neolithic Europe (England)
The Great Pyramids at Giza
Egypt, Old Kingdom (c. 2500 BCE)
Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu
Mesopotamia (Sumer)
Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
Egypt, New Kingdom (c. 1450 BCE)
Sumer was the first civilization in a succession of Mesopotamian peoples/cultures.The ancient Sumerians developed the world's first wheel, plow and _______.
writing system
The 25,000-year-old carved figurine, Venus of Willendorf, is associated with
the great mother goddess
The Sumerians worshiped their nature gods in shrines set atop gigantic platforms called ________, which were made of sun-baked bricks (core) and fired bricks (facing).
ziggurats
The first Paleolithic wall paintings were found in the caves of France and Spain just a short 100 years ago. The most recently discovered paintings, found in 1994 in the _________ , turned out to be the oldest (about 30,000 years old).
chauvet cave (france)
Which is not true about Egyptian art?
It is literature, and not the tombs, that is the main source of our knowledge about ancient Egypt.
Which is not true about Paleolithic art?
The cave paintings are not naturalistic (life-like) depictions of animals but rather abstract patterns.
Which of the following is not related to the ancient civilizations?
absence of architectural structures
Below are the names of four celebrated sculptors of classical Greece. Which one wrote the first treatise to be accepted on perfect proportions and developed the canon (set of rules) for constructing the ideal human figure?
polykleitos
In sculpture, contrapposto (meaning counter-poised) describes a pose, in which the weight is shifted on one leg and one part of the body is slightly turned in opposition to another.The Greek statue of _________ is an excellent example of contrapposto.
the spear Bearer by Polykleitos, 5th century B.C.E
In the 4th century C.E., the great Roman Empire was rapidly declining. In 330 C.E., Emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to the ancient city of ________, which he renamed Constantinople (present day Istanbul, Turkey).
Byzantium
In the last 300 years B.C.E., the Greek city-states declined and a new artistic style was formed that was more dynamic and emotional. Mediterranean art created during this period is called _________ (meaning Greek-like).
Hellenistic
Icon of the Old Testament Trinity (Byzantine icon)
painting (tempera on wooden panel)
Christ and the Apostles (Early Christian art, catacombs, Rome)
fresco
Christ as Pantocrator (Cathedral in Monreale, Italy)
mosaic
Christ as Pentecost (Saint Madeleine Cathedral, France)
stone relief
Ireland was Christianized in the 5th century. After the fall of Rome, the Irish monasteries became the centers of learning and art. The monks were copying the holy books by hand and decorated these manuscripts with intricate interlacing patterns. In which
early medieval period
Basilica
Rectangular building ending with an apse.
catacombs
Underground burial chambers in Rome
icons
Small paintings serving as holy images.
tessera
the small piece colored glass, ceramic tile, or stone used in a mosaic
Krater
kovessel with handles (for mixing wine and water)
Kouros
male youth
kore
female youth
classical
related to logical simplicity, balance and restrained emotion
coffer
Decorative recessed square (on ceiling surface).
Pantheon
a temple dedicated to all the gods
portico
Columned porch (entrance).
dome
a hemispherical roof (half a sphere)
Capital
top part of column
Pediment
triangular area atop the narrow end of a greek temple
Metope
Square panel with sculpture (part of frieze, above the colonnade)
Entasis
slight swelling in the shaft of a column
Purse Cover (gold, enamel)
Early Medieval (Animal style)
Empress Theodora(mosaic)
byzantine style
Christ of the Pentecost(sculptural relief)
romanesque style
Notre Dame de Chartres Cathedral
Gothic style
nave of Old St. Peter's.
Central, main aisle of the church
Transept of Old St. Peter's.
Part (aisle) that crosses the main axis
apse of Old St. Peter's.
semicircular projection
atrium of Old St. Peter's.
open entrance court (in front of a basilica and earlier in roman houses)
Rome's greatest contribution was in the field of architecture. Introduction of innovative materials and techniques - such as concrete, arches, vaults and domes - allowed Romans to create interior spaces of immense scale.
____________ is the most celebrate
pantheism temple (in rome)
The Greek temple Parthenon was built in the classical period and dedicated to _______, the goddess of wisdom and protector of the Greek navy.
Athena
Oldest, simplest and most sturdy in appearance.
Doric Order
Taller, more elegant capital enhanced with volutes.
ionic order
Complex capital composed of ornamental leaves.
Corinthian Order
The Laocoon Group, when unearthed in Rome in 1506 (almost 2,000 years after its creation!), had a strong influence on the great Renaissance sculptor Michelangelo. Which statement is not true about this marble sculpture?
It expresses the clarity, balance and restraint of classical art.
Early Medieval period
5th -10th centuries (400s - 900s)
Which statement about early Christian art is not correct?Which statement about early Christian art is not correct?
...
Romanesque Period
11th - 12th centuries (1000s - 1100s)
Gothic Period
12th - 14th centuries (1100s - 1300s)
The Roman nobility loved luxury and decorated their villas with sophisticated wall paintings - vividly colored and showing some form of perspective. The best preserved examples of these frescoes come from the city of _________ that was buried under the vo
Pompeii
The following characteristics describe Gothic architecture: pointed arches, flying buttresses (outer supports), and stained glass windows. Which famous building provides an example of Gothic style?
Notre Dame de Chartres Cathedral (Chartres, France)
The impressive head of the Roman emperor __________ represents a new type of sculptural portrait in the Late Roman Empire. It is one of a few remaining pieces of a colossal statue.
Constantine
The interior of San-Vitale Church in Ravenna (Italy) is richly decorated with glittering mosaics. The Empress Theodora serves as an example of the Byzantine style, characteristics of which are listed below. There is one incorrect statement that asserts ju
Figures are depicted in a realistic manner - looking like real people.
The churches built in the Romanesque style look "Roman-like." Which characteristic is not relevant to Romanesque architecture?
Lack of any sculptural decoration.
The stained glass windows, so typical of Gothic architecture, filled the churches with majestic light - a medieval metaphor for God's divine presence. The luminous round window, "Rose de France," in the cathedral Notre Dame de Chartres is dedicated to ___
the virgin Mary
Archaic period (rigid frontal poses, showing Egyptian influence)
kouros
Classical period (proportional, balanced, restrained emotions)
spear bearer
Hellenistic period (dynamic, theatrical, sensuous)
The Laocoon Group
This grandiose amphitheater, built in 80 C.E., was named _________ (meaning gigantic).
colosseum in rome
Lacoon Group
This work of art tells a dramatic story about the Trojan priest who tried to warn his people against bringing into the city of Troy the wooden horse (with cunning Greek warriors inside) - and for this, he was punished by the Greek gods.
What is true about ancient Roman art?
They advanced in architecture and civil engineering.
They admired and collected Greek art.
They made numerous marble copies of the Greek originals.
Their early sculptural portraits demonstrate harsh realism.
which statement about early Christian art is not correct?
From the beginning, Chritian religion and art were welcomed in Rome.
Which technique did the Christians use to render the holy images on the walls and vaults of the Roman catacombs?
fresco
Why are the Middle Ages called the Middle Ages?
The Middle Ages (also called the medieval period) spanned a 1,000-year period between two classical cultures: Greco-Roman (when classical ideas emerged) and Italian Renaissance (when these ideas were revived).
A Baroque painting that features subjects (typically foodstuffs, household utensils, and flowers) arranged on a horizontal surface, like a tabletop, is called a Still Life. Which Spanish painter was renowned for this genre of painting:
Juan van der hamen
Among these great masters of the Italian Renaissance, four are painters and one is a sculptor. What is the name of the sculptor who revived the Greek ideal of a perfect human figure?
Donatello
Baroque art in France had a classical character due to the tastes of the "Sun King" Louis XIV. What is a good example of French Baroque architecture?
The Royal Palace of Versailles
Below are listed four great artists of the Northern Renaissance. One of them specialized in genre paintings, depicting the scenes of everyday life. He created a famous series of paintings showing the human activities of the twelve months of the year.
Peter Bruegel
Eliminate (check) the incorrect fact below about the life and work of the influential Renassance architect Andrea Palladio whose buildings exemplify the revival of classical architecture.
his influence was limited only to Italy
In the Dutch Republic (Holland), the major patrons and buyers of art were:
middle-class merchants and bankers.
In the mid 18th century, the dramatic splendor of Baroque art gave way to this decorative playful style:
rococo
Early Renaissance in Italy
Masaccio
High Renaissance in Italy
Michelangelo
Late Renaissance in Italy
Veronese
Renaissance in Northern Europe
Jan van Eyck
Baroque art in Catholic Italy and Flanders
Religious subjects glorifying saints and miracles.
Baroque art in Protestant Dutch Republic
Secular subjects - landscapes, daily life genre scenes, still life, portraits.
Baroque art in Royal France
Scenes of aristocratic life, gallant courtship, and festivities.
Diego Velazquez
The Maids of Honor (La Meninas)
Peter Paul Rubens
The Raising of the Cross
Rembrandt van Rijn
Return of the Prodigal Son
Jan Vermeer
The Kitchen Maid
Caravaggio and Bernini
Italian
Rembrandt and Vermeer
Dutch
Velasquez
Spanish
Fragonard
French
Masaccio
linear perspective
Jan van Eyck
oil painting
Leonardo da Vinci
sfumato and chiarscuro
Baroque in Holland
Allied with Protestant Reformation
Baroque in Italy
Allied with Counter-Reformation (Catholic Church's response to Reformation)
Baroque in France
Allied with aristocracy and royal court.
David by Donatello
carving (wood, partially glided)
St. Paul Preaching at Athens by Raphael
watercolor
The Babe in the Womb by Leonardo
Drawing (pen and ink)
Birth of Venus by Botticelli
tempera on canvas
Michelangelo gave the most powerful expression to the principles of classical sculpture.The contrapposto of his monumental David - a pose with the weight of the body on one foot - was first introduced about 2,000 years earlier, by the classical sculptors
Ancient Greece
Name the prominent Italian sculptor who carved the marble statues of David and The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.
bernini
Observe the illusionistic rendition of a chapel niche in the Holy Trinity fresco by Masaccio. Which technique allowed him to achieve such a convincing three-dimensional effect in painting on a flat wall?
linear perspective
The Baroque style emerged at the end of the Renaissance and roughly spanned the 17th century. Which feature is not characteristic of Italian Baroque art?
logically balanced composition
The Renaissance in Northern Europe inherited from medieval art the love for symbols. Thus, in The Arnolfini Portrait, painted by the Flemish artist Jan van Eyck, the dog is a symbol of fidelity, while the green color of the bride's dress symbolizes ______
fertility
The Renaissance period lasted about 300 hundred years (roughly 1300 - 1600) and has been traditionally revered for its artistic achievements. The French word Renaissance literary means "rebirth." Revival of which culture gave this period its name?
classical Greece and rome
The artist Jan Vermeer painted many views of his native town, where he lived all his life. What kind of painting is his name most closely associated with?
Small paintings of simple and clean Dutch middle-class dwellings and landscapes.
The heightened emotions and dramatic use of light make The Conversion of Saint Paul by Caravaggio a prime example of _________ art.
baroque
This Flemish artist was a leading proponent of the Baroque style in Northern Europe. He was also a diplomat and prominent humanist scholar.
Peter Paul Rubens
This Italian artist is considered a precursor of the Renaissance.As early as 1305, he departed from the abstract Byzantine style and began depicting the real feelings and appearances of human beings, as can be seen in his Lamentation fresco (Scrovegni Cha
giotto
Which artist inserted his own portrait in his painting of a Spanish royal family from 1665?
Diego Velazquez
Which country was the homeland of the Renaissance?
Italy
Which fact about the Renaissance man Leonardo da Vinci is not correct?
His works portray people in a stylized medieval manner, and not as individuals.
Which fact alludes to a controversial aspect of Botticelli's mythological painting Birth of Venus, as it was seen in 15th-century Florence?
A nude pagan goddess was placed in a position previously reserved for the Virgin Mary.
Which statement is not correct about Return of the Prodigal Son, painted by one of the world's most revered artists - Rembrandt van Rijn?
It is a typical example of Rococo style.
The oldest of three, a true Renaissance man; creator of Mona Lisa and Last Supper.
Leonardo
The world's greatest sculptor, who also painted the ceiling in the Sistine Chapel.
michelanglo
youngest painter known for his gentle Madonnas and School of Athensfresco in Vatican.
Raphael
One of the most famous monuments in Cambodia, ___________ features scenes from the life of the Hindu god Vishnu.
angkor wat
Japanese ukiyo-e prints, like Kitagawa Utamaro's Reflected Beauty, depict __________________.
the everyday world
Many Chinese bronze vessels are decorated with a taotie mask which shows a _________________.
monster with wings, claws and horns
Known for their massive, carved and often reclining figures, the ________ initiated a major new era in Central Mexico before the Aztecs.
toltec
The sculpture Protective Prow Figure from a War Canoefrom the Solomon Islands, represents the Oceanic belief in _________, which means "spiritual power.
mana
Japanese artist Sesshu Toyo's hanging scroll, Splashed Ink Landscape is an example of a style of painting called ___________, which means "flung ink.
haboku
In Hopi and Zuni culture, male members of tribes dress as birds, animals, clowns and demons to impersonate __________, which means invisible life force spirits.
kachinas
Mosque
A Muslim place of worship
Minaret
a tower that is used to call faithful prayer
Mihrab
a niche in the wall of a mosque, which points to Mecca,
iwan
a large covered porch
Mask., Cameroon
This reinterpretation of a human head, made of carved wood, shows different patterns and textures.
Head of an Oba, Nigeria
This somewhat abstract sculpture was intended to glorify an oba, or king, or distinguished ancestors.
head, Nok Culture
One of the oldest surviving examples of Sub-Saharan art, this life-sized sculpture of a human head is made from terra cotta and shows a vivid facial expression and abstracted eyes and nose.
Male Portrait Head, Ife Culture
This sculpture, made from thin, hollow metal shows a naturalistic head with many fine details as it might appear in real-life.
A _________ is a long painting on paper, meant to be viewed by slowly scrolling from the right hand to the left.
handscroll
During the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368), artists who devoted themselves to a life of art and poetry created a new style known as literati painting.
true
Nataraja, Shiva as King of Dance is trampling on the monster of ___________ as he holds sacred symbols in his hands.
ignorance
A _____________ is a person who has achieved enlightenment, but choses to stay on Earth and teach others.
bodhisattva
__________ was a descendent of Ming dynasty royalty who lived the life of a recluse, taking refuge in a monastery and later faking madness.
bada shanren
The indigenous religion of Japan is an ancient form of nature and ancestor worship called Confucianism.
false
Upon his death in 210 BCE, ___________ commissioned life-size clay soldiers referred to as The Terracotta Warriors.
qin shihuangdi
The human presence in Asia dates back to the Neolithic era.
false
At The Great Stupa at Sanchi, four _________ are oriented to the four cardinal directions.
gates
If one achieves enlightenment, the endless cycle of death and rebirth will be broken, and the believer will experience _________; a final rebirth in a pure spiritual realm.
nirvana
______ has the oldest surviving royal family of any society.
Japan
Traditional Chinese paintings revolves around two focal points: Calligraphy and Landscape
true
Most Indians today are Hindus
true
Japanese prints called _________, meaning "pictures of the floating world.
ukiyo-e
Key Aryan beliefs that influenced later Indian belief included the idea that the universe evolves in repeated cycles of ______ and destruction.
creation
The Great Serpent Mound in Ohio is an elaborate example of a Hopewell ___________________.
burial site
Muhammad was often depicted in Islamic art while he was alive, but images of Allah are forbidden.
false
minarets
towers which mark the buildings location and are used by chanters
Mecca
during a Friday sermon men dow down in the direction of the city
Madrasa
A Muslim theological school.
khamseh
Five Poems
mogul
English word that has connotations of wealth and power derives from Mughal
According to Islamic tradition, God's first creation was _____________.
a reed pen for writing his words
An adherent of Islam is called _________, Arabic for "one who submits to God.
muslim
Oceania is the collective name for the thousands of Pacific islands that compromise all of the following except:
bali
The Kente Cloth's title Mmeeda, roughly translates to 'Something that has happened many time.'
false
The original inhabitants of Easter Island left more than _____ carved moai.
600
Pendent Mask has two shallow slots that held ______ during ceremonies.
inlaid pieces of iron
Olembe Alay's House Post is representative of all of these characteristics EXCEPT:
health
Bronze casting in Benin was an art form devoted exclusively to glorifying the king (or oba).
true
______ is the date corresponding to the beginning of time in the Maya calendar.
august 12
Oceanic people developed numerous examples of pottery due to an abundance of clay.
false
According to your textbook, humanity originated in
Africa