Aaron Douglas, Aspects of Negro Life From Slavery through Reconstruction 1934
Circular shapes. Art Deco cubism influence. Silhouetted views. Profiled egyptian view. Significant figures. center, capitol, light, union soldiers leaving south, cotton, some looking, some not, Musical elements.The Harlem. Renaissance- Flourished during t
Andy Warhol, 32 Campbell's Soup Cans, 1961-2
Consumerism. Machine. Multiple objects to symbolize a factory. Richest and poorest can share the same thing. Democratize art. "Democratic nature of mass production" hand painted, very mechanical, impersonal. Strong sense of impersonality
Andy Warhol, Marilyn Diptych, 1962
Article "saturday disaster". very representative of fading memory and numbing effect of the media. Referring to the dark side of man. Critique of contemporary life in america. Not so much impersonal. Subject matter: icons. Diptych- two part painting, refe
Barnett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis, 1950-51
Verticle line is called zip. Darkness and light. soft line represnting humanity. Brown eartch dolor represents earth. translated as "Man, heroic and sublime." It refers to Newman's essay "The Sublime is Now,
Charles Demuth, My Egypt, 1927
Precisionism.
Diego Rivera, Man, Controller of the Universe, 1934
Mexican Muralist. Strong Man in center. Communist vs Capitalist. Lenin! Rockefeller commissioned and then rejected the mural.
Frida Kahlo, The Two Fridas 1939
Read Article. Personal Experience and suffering. Strong political motives. Cultural heritage....Twin Figures on Bench. Before and after the marriage. and return to her culture vs European. Closely Connected by veins. Article says-->deeply political, mexic
George Bellows, Cliff Dwellers, 1913.
Ashcan School. New York Precisionists. Poor housing / Health condition of NYC. 1913 Armory Show. Close View of Crowd. Brown Yellow, Gray Color Scheme. Population of newyork grew .5m to 5million. Small, dense, dark, which can easily be seen within the pain
Georgia O'Keeffe, Black Iris, 1926.
Married Alfred Stieglitz, a photographer. Controversy. Soft edged Flower. Soft purple color scheme. An expression of female identity and sexuality. Promoted by male critics. Surrealists.Woman rooted in nature. Highly abstract. Delicate sensation in the vi
Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930.
Iowa. Village. Very precise representation and decorative that shows Euro influence. Satirical view of American farmer, strong character of american rural people. AMbiguity of meaning makes the picture so alluring, mocking or idealizing iowian farmers.
Hannah Hoch_ Cut with the kitchen knife 1919
Dada photomontage. Very political. Very women's rights. Germany is torn apart. Hoch trying piece everything back together. Kitchen knife-->cutting things apart, woman's perspective. Women are not treated well in DADA community. Bottom right map is of wome
Jackson Pollock, Cathedral, 1947
Color and lines evoke a cathedral. Dripped paint by walking circles around the painting. Moved freely across the canvas. Complex chaotic environment. Sand, glass, foreign matter placed with sticks and drips. Not completely uncontrolled.
Jackson Pollock, Number 1A, 1948
Existentialism. Artist's inner most presence. "Action Painting," which understood the painter's creative process as an act of necessary self-assertion, an expression of freedom and authenticity. with several handprints found at the composition's upper rig
James Rosenquist, Nomad, 1963
James Rosenquist was fascinated with the way we are constantly bombarded with images�through newspapers, magazines, signs, television, movies, and so on. Nomad reflects this barrage of images in its combination of many different types of objects: consumer
Jasper Johns, Three Flags, 1958
NeoDADA. Overlapping canvasses with shadows and decreasing sizes. Reversing tradition depth as if it comes at you with the smallest flog. highly textures surface. Dada idea of collage new 3D collage
Joan Miro_ Painting 1933
Read Text Book. Biomorphic Chance Randomness. Cut out from magazine catalogoes. DADA technique of collage, automatic drawing technique. Imaginative shapes that happen by chance. is rendered primarily with flat blacks and whites but also with simple primar
Kazimir Malevich, Suprematist Composition White Square on White, 1918.
influence of fauvism, cubism, and futurism on art in 20th century russia. Geometric abstraction. Abstract art as an aesthetic blueprint for a utopian world. White represents infiniti, utopian ideals.
L�zl� Moholy-Nagy, Light-Space Modulator, 1921-30
Marcel Druchamp_Fountain 1917
Readymade". Attacking Art Establishment. Anti bourgeois art. It epitomises the assault on convention and good taste for which he and the Dada movement are best known. t is a fixture that you see every day in plumbers' shop windows. Whether Mr Mutt with h
Mark Rothko, Green and Tangerine on Red, 1956
Color Field. Sublime. huge Canvas.moving beyond expressing individual emotion to universal feeling and experinece. Dark green and orange with background color, with blurred undefined edges. Variations in tones and hues. Contrst of color areas. Sense of mo
Morris Louis, Tet, 1958
Strain technique. W/ acrylic paint. Faint muted forms. Developed new soaking/ staining technique by tilting the canvas. Pools at the bottom. Very simple fan like, honest flowing of the canvas. Very flat but suggestive of illusionistic depth. Optical illus
Naum Gabo _Kinetic Constructions (Standing wave) 1920
Russian Constructivist. it reflects the artist's belief in a sculpture in which space and time were active components. A strip of metal is made to oscillate so that a standing wave is set up. This movement in real time creates the illusion of volumetric s
Piet Mondrian, Composition in Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930.
De Stijl art style. Reveals the underlying eternal structure of existance, "pure plastic art" also known as Neoplasticism.Two primary directions and 3 primary colors.
Richard Hamilton, Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing 1956
Robert Rauschenberg, Bed, 1955
Roy Lichtenstein, Drowning Girl, 1963
Comic Strip. Crisp Hair. Reproducing comics. Challenging the inner expression in art from abstract expressionism.
Salvador Dali The Persistence of memory 1931
Dream & Reality. Deeply influenced by absurdity of DADA. Attempt to release unconscious, the larger reality. Believed they could change society by unlocking the subconscious. .Freud. Paranoiac critical method. Biomorphic shape is a self-portrait of himsel
Thomas Hart Benton, City Building from the mural series America Today, 1930.
Regionalist Art Movement
Umberto Boccioni, Dynamism of a Soccer Player, 1913.
Movement". Futarism. Force Lines. Color Scheme was brighter than cubism. Neo Impressionist colors. "Simultaneiety". Visions all at once. Force Lines & Dynamism. Vibrant Energy. The Futurist artists often depicted motorized vehicles and the perceptions th
Vladimir Tatlin _ COunter-Relief 1914_15
culture of materials", "truth to materials"-Tatin. Piece by piece. Glue and welding. Untraditional materials. Industry materials. Culture of materials.
Vladimir Tatlin _ Model for monument to the third international 1919 1920
culture of materials", "truth to materials"-Tatin. Piece by piece. Glue and welding. Untraditional materials. Industry materials. Culture of materials.
Walter Gropius, Bauhaus, Dessau, 1925-26.
Strong Basic Design, geometic forms, form and function harmony, art community. Streamlined design harmony.
Willem de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-52
Series of woman paintings. Repainting the work repeatedly Exaggerated forms. Slashing lines and aggressiveness in the painting. Complimentary colors. Mexican fertility goddess and american commercialized woman fused together. Her threatening stare and fer
Force Lines
Futurists technique of sending motion straight lines across the painting to symbolise movement and force
Automatism
A technique whereby the usual intellectual control of the artist over his or her brush or pencil is forgone. Lets the subconscious take control to create the artwork no rational interference. Joan Mir�'s paintings from the mid-1920s and Max Ernst's frotta
Biomorphic
a form of Surrealism based on organisms and natural forms (Jean Arp, Jean Miro)
Readymades
functional, modified items elevated to art by the mere choice of the artist/Duchamp
photomontage
A single pictorial composition made by juxtaposing or overlapping many pictures or designs of photographs
Biomorphic Surrealism
Biomorphic (interested in life forms): Joan Miro, Max Ernst, Andr� Masson
Naturalistic Surrealism
Naturalistic (recognizable scenes of nightmare or dream images): Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali
Frottage
rubbing over a textured surface (Max Ernst)
decalcomania
A painting technique in which a surface (the "decal") is painted and then pressed while still wet against the painting, then peeled away, revealing unexpected patterns.
Paranoiac critical method
Method used by Salvador Dali. The creation of a visionary reality from elements of visions, dreams, memories, and psychological or pathological distortions....went into a dream like state deliberately and painted what he saw. meticulously rendered every o
Productivism / Production art
An art movement that emerged in the Soviet Union after the Revolution; its members believed that artists must direct art toward creating products for the new society.
shifted its emphasis toward designing functional constructions which could benefit the e
action painting
an abstract painting in which the artist drips or splatters paint onto a surface like a canvas in order to create his or her work.
Gestural or Action painting- dynamic and energetic gesture; Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning
the shallow space and planari
colour-field painting
Type of Abstract Expressionist painting in 1950's and 60's characterized by broad abstract sweeps of solid colour that emphasizes the picture plane and de-emphasizes gestural brushstrokes.
Colour Field painting-reflective focus on more open fields of colo
post-painterly abstraction
Abstract painting that drew on the legacy of Abstract Expressionism but purged it of gestural ("painterly") elements that expressed the artist's feeling or state of mind.
Existentialism
A label for widely different revolts against traditional philosophy, stressing choice, freedom, decision, and anguish, and emerging strongly during and after the World War II years.
Art Critic Harold Rosenberg.
sublime
Elevated or lofty in thought, language, or a scene in nature that excites fear and trepidation
"The Abstract Sublime"
Both Rotchco and Pollock
formalism
An approach to art that emphasizes the beauty of line, shape, texture, etc. as ends in themselves rather than as means to express content
Clement Greenberg, "Modernist Painting" 1960
The essence of Modernism lies, as I see it, in the use of characteristic
Clement Greenberg, "Modernist Painting" 1960
The essence of Modernism lies, as I see it, in the use of characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself, not in order to subvert it but in order to entrench it more firmly in its area of competence...Because flatness was the on
Harold Rosenberg, "The American Action Painters" 1952
At a certain moment the canvas began to appear to one American painter after another as an arena in which to act�rather than a space in which to reproduce, redesign, analyze, or "express" an object, actual or imagined. What was to go on the canvas was not
Stieglitz's aesthetic vision
� The emphasis on artistic freedom, individual vision and inner feeling
� Abstract artistic language
� Spiritualism and anti-materialism
� The idea of Americanness; the rootedness
291 gallery(1905-1917); 1925 exhibition "Seven Americans"; the Intimate Gal
Abstract Expressionism
Kandinsky influence. "collective unconscious. Freud. Collective Unconscious vs Personal. Hereditary & Universal.
Also known as the New York School. The first major American avant-garde movement, Abstract Expressionism emerged in New York City in the 1940s
DADA
1915. Dadaists shared antimilitaristic and anti-art attitude. These attitudes were generated by the horrors of World War I. These artists did very little painting. They preferred to make constructions called ready mades. Eg. Marcel Duchamp. Wanted to make
De Stijl
also know as Neoplasticism. Mondrain. A Dutch art movement of the early twentieth century that emphasized abstraction and simplicity, reducing form to the rectangle and color to the primary colors--red, blue, and yellow. Reaction from WWI. Express spiriut
Futurism
1910.A movement in modern art that grew out of cubism. Artists used implied motion by shifting planes and having multiple viewpoints of the subject. They strived to show mechanical as well as natural motion and speed. The beginning of the machine age is w
The Armory Show
1913. 75,000 Attendence. 1,250 works by over 300 Euro and American Art. Chicago, NYC and Boston. 2/3rd is American Art. Matisee and Duchamp. Significanc-->compare american art to International standards. Encouraged American Artists to create their own sty