Many Chinese bronze vessels are decorated with a taotie mask which shows a _________________.
monster with wings, claws and horns
Known for their massive, carved and often reclining figures, the ________ initiated a major new era in Central Mexico before the Aztecs.
Toltec
Japanese ukiyo-e prints, like Kitagawa Utamaro's Reflected Beauty, depict __________________.
the everyday world
One of the most famous monuments in Cambodia, ___________ features scenes from the life of the Hindu god Vishnu.
Angkor Wat
Japanese artist Sesshu Toyo's hanging scroll, Splashed Ink Landscape is an example of a style of painting called ___________, which means "flung ink.
haboku
The sculpture Protective Prow Figure from a War Canoe from the Solomon Islands, represents the Oceanic belief in _________, which means "spiritual power.
Mana
he ____________, is an Islamic holy book which illustrates the most respected form of Muslim calligraphy.
Koran
The following statements about the Terra Cotta Warriors is true?
six thousand, life size soldiers, discovered in 1974 in China
In Hopi and Zuni culture, male members of tribes dress as birds, animals, clowns and demons to impersonate ____, which means invisible life force spirits.
kachinas
The Tlingit Community House in Alaska includes a _____, which is characteristic of North American Indian architecture and has plant and animal imagery that represents the Tlingit clan.
totem
A tower that is used to call the faithful to prayer
Minaret
A Muslim theological school
Madrasa
A place of worship for followers of Islam.
Mosque
A niche in a building which points the way to Mecca.
Mihrab
ancestors live eternally and influence wordly affairs from the spiritual realm.
Confucianism
artists and thinkers, devoted to art and poetry and refused to paint or teach for a foreign govmt. when China was conquered by the Mongols.
Literati
This religion, which originated in India, promotes belief in the power of reincarnation and enlightenment.
Buddhism
Those who practice this ancient Chinese religion, believe in harmony in nature and an "inner life force.
Daoism
This structure occupies a sacred site within a Japanese forest, has unpainted wood and a thatched roof and is used for practicing the indigenous religion of Japan which is based on nature and ancestor worship.
Shinto Shrine at Ise
Located in Java, Indonesia, this dome-shaped structure is an example of a stupa or "sacred mountain," and is built atop an ancient burial ground.
Borubudar
This tall, many-tiered structure was inspired by Indian stupas and Chinese watchtowers.
Pagoda at Hoyuji Temple
The pattern on this African cloth, also called mmeeda, symbolizes important proverbs and ideas and is worn when something unprecedented happens.
Kente Cloth
This portable work is an example of how textiles were used in Persia to spread decorative designs, motifs and ideas to distant regions.
Aradabil Carpet
The chevron pattern on this textile indicates the influence of Mexican weaving on certain Native American cultures.
Navajo blanket
The making of this textile, which represents Nigerian proverbs, involves pressing flour and water paste into a stencil on a cloth and then repeatedly dyeing the cloth a deep indigo blue which the paste resists.
Adire Cloth
One of the oldest surviving examples of Sub-Saharan art, this life-sized sculpture of a human head is made from terracotta and shows a vivid facial expression and abstracted eyes and nose.
Head, Nok Culture
This sculpture, made from thin, hollow metal shows a naturalistic head with many fine details as it might appear in real-life.
Male Portrait Head, Ife Culture
This somewhat abstract sculpture was intended to glorify an oba, or king, or distinguished ancestors.
Benin Head, Benin
This reinterpretation of a human head, made of carved wood, shows different patterns and textures.
Large Dance Headdress, Cameroon
The Baroque style emerged at the end of the Renaissance and roughly spanned the 17th century. Which feature is not characteristic of Italian Baroque art?
logically balanced composition
Name the prominent Italian sculptor who carved the marble statues of David and The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.
Bernini
The heightened emotions and dramatic use of light make The Conversion of Saint Paul by Caravaggio a prime example of _________ art.
Baroque
Which artist inserted his own portrait in his painting of a Spanish royal family from 1665?
Diego Velazquez
The Spanish colonies of Latin America remained bound to the ideas of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Which religious work of art serves as an example of the Baroque in these countries?
Virgin of Guadalupe by Sebastian Salcedo, 1779
n the Dutch Republic (Holland), the major patrons and buyers of art were:
middle-class merchants and bankers.
This Flemish artist was a leading proponent of the Baroque style in Northern Europe. He was also a diplomat and prominent humanist scholar.
Peter Paul Rubens
This Flemish artist was a leading proponent of the Baroque style in Northern Europe. He was also a diplomat and prominent humanist scholar.
Peter Paul Rubens
Baroque art in France had a classical character due to the tastes of the "Sun King" Louis XIV. What is a good example of French Baroque architecture?
The Royal Palace of Versailles
In the mid 18th century, the dramatic splendor of Baroque art gave way to this decorative playful style:
Rococo
The artist Jan Vermeer of Delft painted many views of of his native town, where he lived all his life. What kind of painting is his name most closely associated with?
Small paintings of simple and clean Dutch middle-class dwellings and landscapes.
The Raising of the Cross
Peter Paul Rubens
The Maids of Honor (La Meninas)
Diego Velazquez
Rembrandt van Rijn
Jan Vermeer
Return of the Prodigal Son
Rembrandt van Rijn
Caravaggio and Bernini nationality
Italian
Velazquez
Spanish
Rembrandt and Vermeer
Dutch
Fragonard
French
Baroque art in Catholic Italy and Flanders
Religious subjects glorifying saints and miracles
Baroque art in Protestant Dutch Republic
Secular subjects - landscapes, daily life genre scenes, still life, portraits
Baroque art in Royal France
Scenes of aristocratic life, gallant courtship, and festivities
Baroque in Holland
Allied with Protestant Reformation
Baroque in Italy
Allied with Counter-Reformation (Catholic Church's response to Reformation)
Baroque in France
Allied with aristocracy and royal court
Which statement is not correct about Return of the Prodigal Son, painted by one of the world's most revered artists - Rembrandt van Rijn?
It is a typical example of Rococo style
In the Dutch Republic (Holland), the major patrons and buyers of art were:
middle-class merchants and bankers
Which statement about early Christian art is not correct?
From the beginning, Chritian religion and art were welcomed in Rome.
Which technique did the Christians use to render the holy images on the walls and vaults of the Roman catacombs?
Fresco
The impressive head of the Roman emperor __________ represents a new type of sculptural portrait in the Late Roman Empire. It is one of a few remaining pieces of a colossal statue.
Constantine
In the 4th century C.E., the great Roman Empire was rapidly declining. In 330 C.E., Emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to the ancient city of ________, which he renamed Constantinople (present day Istanbul, Turkey).
Byzantium
The interior of San-Vitale Church in Ravenna (Italy) is richly decorated with glittering mosaics. The Empress Theodora serves as an example of the Byzantine style, characteristics of which are listed below. There is one incorrect statement that asserts ju
Figures are depicted in a realistic manner - looking like real people.
Why are the Middle Ages called middle?
The Middle Ages (also called the medieval period) spanned a 1,000-year period between two classical cultures: Greco-Roman (when classical ideas emerged) and Italian Renaissance (when these ideas were revived).
true
Ireland was Christianized in the 5th century. After the fall of Rome, the Irish monasteries became the centers of learning and art. The monks were copying the holy books by hand and decorated these manuscripts with intricate interlacing patterns.
In which
Early Medieval period
The churches built in the Romanesque style look "Roman-like." Which characteristic is not relevant to Romanesque architecture?
Lack of any sculptural decoration
The following characteristics describe Gothic architecture: pointed arches, flying buttresses (outer supports), and stained glass windows.
Which famous building provides an example of Gothic style?
Notre Dame de Chartres Cathedral (Chartres, France)
The stained glass windows, so typical of Gothic architecture, filled the churches with majestic light - a medieval metaphor for God's divine presence.
The luminous round window, "Rose de France," in the cathedral Notre Dame de Chartres is dedicated to ___
The Virgin Mary
What stylistic period was Empress Theodora (mosaic)
Byzantine style
What stylistic period was Christ of the Pentecost (sculptural relief)
Romanesque style
Notre Dame de Chartres (cathedral)
Gothic style
Purse Cover (gold, enamel)
Early Medieval (Animal style)
Christ and the Apostles (Early Christian art, catacombs, Rome)
Fresco
Christ as Pantocrator (Cathedral in Monreale, Italy)
Mosaic
Madonna and Child (Byzantine icon)
Painting (tempera on wooden panel)
Christ as Pentecost (Saint Madeleine Cathedral, France)
Fresco
Part (aisle) that crosses the main axis.
Transept
Semicircular projection
Apse
Open entrance court (in front of basilica and earlier in Roman houses
Atrium
Central, main aisle of the church.
nave
Underground burial chambers in Rome.
Catacombs
Rectangular building ending with an apse
Basilica
Small paintings serving as holy images
Icons
___ was the homeland of the Renaissance.
Italy
Revival of ___ culture gave the Renaissance period its name.
The Renaissance period lasted about 300 hundred years (roughly 1300-1600) and has been traditionally revered for its artistic achievements. The French word Renaissance literary means "rebirth
Classical Greece and Rome
This Italian artist is considered a precursor of the Renaissance.
As early as 1305, he departed from the abstract Byzantine style and began depicting the real feelings and appearances of human beings, as can be seen in his Lamentation fresco (Scrovegni Ch
Giotto
Observe the illusionistic rendition of a chapel niche in the Holy Trinity fresco by Masaccio. Which technique allowed him to achieve such a convincing three-dimensional effect in painting on a flat wall?
linear perspective
Among these great masters of the Italian Renaissance, four are painters and one is a sculptor. What is the name of the sculptor who revived the Greek ideal of a perfect human figure?
Donatello
Which fact alludes to a controversial aspect of Botticelli's mythological painting Birth of Venus, as it was seen in 15th-century Florence?
A nude pagan goddess was placed in a position previously reserved for the Virgin Mary.
Which fact about the Renaissance man Leonardo da Vinci is not correct?
His work portrays people in a stylized medieval manner, and not as individuals.
Michelangelo gave the most powerful expression to the principles of classical sculpture.
The contrapposto of his monumental David - a pose with the weight of the body on one foot - was first introduced about 2,000 years earlier, by the classical sculptors
ancient Greece
The Renaissance in Northern Europe inherited from medieval art the love for symbols. Thus, in The Arnolfini Portrait, painted by the Flemish artist Jan van Eyck, the dog is a symbol of fidelity, while the green color of the bride's dress symbolizes ______
fertility
Below are listed four great artists of the Northern Renaissance. One of them specialized in genre paintings, depicting the scenes of everyday life. He created a famous series of paintings showing the human activities of the twelve months of the year.
Peter Bruegel
Eliminate (check) the incorrect fact below about the life and work of the influential Venetian architect Andrea Palladio.
His influence was limited only to Italy.
Early Renaissance in Italy painter
Masaccio
High Renaissance in Italy painter
Michelangelo
Late Renaissance in Italy
Veronese
Renaissance in Northern Europe painter
Jan van Eyck
Late Renaissance in Italy painter
Veronese
Artist: The youngest painter known for his gentle Madonnas and School of Athens fresco in Vatican.
Raphael
Artist: The world's greatest sculptor, who also painted the ceiling in the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo
Artist: The oldest of three, a true Renaissance man; creator of Mona Lisa and Last Supper.
Leonardo
Masaccio's contribution to painting was
Linear perspective
Leonardo da Vinci's contribution to painting was
Sfumato and chiaroscuro
Jan van Eyck's contribution to painting was
Oil painting
Birth of Venus by Botticelli medium
tempera on canvas
The Babe in the Womb by Leonardo medium
drawing (pen and ink)
St. Paul Preaching at Athens by Raphael medium
Watercolor
Mary Magdalene by Donatello medium
carving (wood, partially gilded)
The 25,000-year-old carved figurine, Venus of Willendorf, is associated with:
The Great Mother Goddess
The first Paleolithic wall paintings were found in the caves of France and Spain just a short 100 years ago. The most recently discovered paintings, found in 1994 in the ___, turned out to be the oldest (about 30,000 years old)
Chauvet cave (France)
paleolithic period
old stone age
Neolithic period
New Stone Age
petroglyph
Rock engraving
tonehenge was erected around 2,000 B.C.E., which we refer to as the _______ period
Neolithic period
What is not true about Paleolithic art?
The cave paintings are not naturalistic (life-like) depictions of animals but rather abstract patterns.
Which of the following is Not true about the earliest civilizations?
There had not been any cities at this time; all people lived in agricultural communities.
All four ancient civilizations emerged in the valleys of the big rivers. Which territory was named Mesopotamia -"the land between the rivers?
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers valley (in Iraq)
Sumer was the first civilization in a succession of Mesopotamian peoples/cultures.
The ancient Sumerians developed the world's first wheel, plow and _______.
writing system
The Sumerians worshiped their nature gods in shrines set atop gigantic platforms called ________, which were made of sun-baked bricks (core) and fired bricks (facing).
ziggurats
Which is not true about Egyptian art?
It is literature, and not the tombs, that is the main source of our knowledge about ancient Egypt.
Egyptian pyramids were built to serve as
tombs
Mask from Mummy Case was found in the tomb of which pharaoh?
Tutankhamen
Earthenware Beaker was found where?
Iran
Burial Urn was found where?
China
Murujuga Petroglyphs was found where?
Australia
Deer and Hands (Las Manos Cave) was found where?
Argentina
Lyre (from "The King's Grave") medium
wood, gold, lapis lazuli, shell, and silver
Head of Akkadian Ruler medium
Bronze
Wall Painting from the Tomb of Nabamun medium
sandstone (greywacke)
King Menkaura and Queen Khamerenebty medium
Sandstone (Greywacke)
Stonehenge culture/period
Neolithic Europe (England)
The Great Pyramids at Giza
Egypt, Old Kingdom (c. 2500 BCE)
Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu
Mesopotamia (Sumer)
Funerary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
Egypt, New Kingdom (c. 1450 BCE)
vessel with handles (for mixing wine and water)
Krater
male youth
Kouros
female youth
Kore
related to logical simplicity, balance and restrained emotion
Classical
Which one wrote a treatise on the perfect proportions and developed the canon (set of rules) for constructing the ideal human figure?
Polykleitos
In sculpture, contrapposto (meaning counter-poised) describes a pose, in which the weight is shifted on one leg and one part of the body is slightly turned in opposition to another.
The Greek statue of _________ is an excellent example of contrapposto.
The Spear Bearer by Polykleitos, 5th century BCE
The Greek temple Parthenon was built in the classical period and dedicated to _______, the goddess of wisdom and protector of the Greek navy.
Athena
top part of column
capital
square panel with sculpture (part of frieze, above the colonnade)
Metope
triangular area atop the narrow end of Greek temple (formed by gables)
pediment
slight swelling in the center of column
Entasis
Oldest, simplest and most sturdy in appearance
Doric order
Complex capital composed of ornamental leaves
Corinthian order
Taller, more elegant capital enhanced with volutes
Ionic order
In the last 300 years B.C.E., the Greek city-states declined and a new artistic style was formed that was more dynamic and emotional. Mediterranean art created during this period is called _________ (meaning Greek-like).
Hellenistic
This work of art tells a dramatic story about the Trojan priest who tried to warn his people against bringing into the city of Troy the wooden horse (with cunning Greek warriors inside) - and for this, he was punished by the Greek gods.
The Laocoon Group
The Laocoon Group, when unearthed in Rome in 1506 (almost 2,000 years after its creation!), had a strong influence on the great Renaissance sculptor Michelangelo. Which statement is not true about this marble sculpture?
It expresses the clarity, balance and restraint of classical art.
An example from the Hellenistic period (dynamic, theatrical, sensuous)
The Laocoon Group
Classical period (proportional, balanced, restrained emotions)
Spear Bearer
Archaic period (rigid frontal poses, showing Egyptian influence)
Kouros
This grandiose amphitheater, built in 80 C.E., was named _________ (meaning gigantic).
Colosseum (in Rome)
What is true about ancient Roman art?
...
Rome's greatest contribution was in the field of architecture. Introduction of innovative materials and techniques - such as concrete, arches, vaults and domes - allowed Romans to create interior spaces of immense scale.
____________ is the most celebrate
Pantheon temple (in Rome)
The Roman nobility loved luxury and decorated their villas with sophisticated wall paintings - vividly colored and showing some form of perspective.
The best preserved examples of these frescoes come from the city of _________ that was buried under the vo
Pompeii
Decorative recessed square (on ceiling surface)
Coffer
Temple dedicated to all gods (also, community of all gods)
Pantheon
Columned porch (entrance)
Portico
Temple dedicated to all gods (also, community of all gods).
Dome