markmaking
the attempts by many artists or any human to put their mark on something, people say mark making is what differentiates humans from animals: the desire to make a mark indicates higher brain function- to create meaning
The 3 components of any artifacts or work of art are:
1. Form 2. Content 3. Process
Form
the literal shape and mass of an object or figure, line, light, color, etc.
Content
the meaning of an image beyond its subject matter
Medium
any materials used to create a work of art
2D
height by width, flat surface
3D
height by width by depth, can be walked around
subject matter
the subject of the artwork
narrative
more than the subject matter, the story of what you see in the art
composition
the organization or arrangement of the formal elements in a work of art
formal elements
the visual tools an artist uses to create a work of art
formal analysis
analyzing the form of the art work
symbolism
the use of symbols to represent the invisible, intangible or abstract
iconography
the study of the significance and interpretation of the subject matter
picture plane
the flat. 2D surface of a work of art, the "window
pictorial depth
the aspect of composition on a 2D plane in with 3D space is depicted
verisimilitude
the quality to state of being the "truth". In the visual arts, this means that something looks life-like or real
naturalism
quality that makes a work of art appear close to or resemble the natural world
representational
resembles something from the natural and visual world around us
realism
artwork that is realist also resembles the natural world but once again realism is a general term and exist on continuum
abstract
rendering of images and objects in a stylized or simplified way, yet they remain recognizable; the formal or expressive aspects are emphasized; non-objective
impasto
thick paint on surface, if you can see the brushstrokes, the artist is painting with a heavy impasto
expressionistic
emphasizes the emotional and psychological content of the work
figurative
means that an artwork depicts or shows something that is recognizable and resembles something in the natural world
style
Unique manner of visual expression that is distinct from others
mixed media
contemporary term, example: my art is 3D paper sculpture
found objects
any sort of natural or manufactured object that is not made by the artist but found by them and put into their artwork
criticism
the art of evaluating or analyzing with knowledge and propriety works of art or literature
visual literacy
being educated in the laguage and terminology of the visual arts
aesthetic
pertaining the the study and appreciation of the beautiful and by extension to the appreciation of any form of art whether it is beautiful or not
organic vs. rectilinear
something organic is curving, rounded, sensuous even and derived from the natural world. Something that is rectilinear is geometric and based on right angles
shaman
a person designated within a group, clan or tribe, who communicates with the spiritual world
sculpture in the round
this is a piece of sculpture that the viewer can walk around
relief sculpture
sculpture that is raised from the background from which it is carved
art history
the study of styles of art and cultures linked to these styles and individuals artist through specific chronological periods
art criticism
looking critically at artworks to find successes and weaknesses
art appreciation
studying the jargon and language attached to the making of artworks, take consideration the successes of weaknesses of individual artworks
studio art
the production of art by artists
light
either implied (an illusion) or it is a real compnent ini the artwork
value
in 2D artworks light is expressed as value which is the relative lightness or darkness in color or black and whate
modeling
the manipulation of light and dark (shadow) to show dimensionality
hatching and cross hatching
a series of parallel lines and cross parallel lines
chiaroscuro
italian for "light and shadow
Ways to express light or shadow on a 2D surface with paint:
Tint: occurs when white is added to a color
Shade: occurs when black is added to a color
Tone: occurs when grey is added to a color
tenebrism
an extreme use of shading
photography, film and tv
all functions of light
Hue
color
value
brightness, or degree of light
saturation
intensity or depth of color
Kind of palettes
Triadic: palette based on the full range of colors around the wheel
Monochromatic: dominant use of one hue
Analogous: use of colors next to each other on the color wheel
Complementary: use of colors limited to those that are opposite each other
Open and Closed Palette
open: broad range of colors
close: limited range of colors
pointillism or divisionism
technique whereby the artist paints dots of color next to each other and the viewer's eyes must mix them
local color
colors as they are in nature
arbitrary color
color as interpreted by the artist for expressive purposes
line
a mark left by moving point, actual or implied and varying direction, thickness and density
line duties:
-define form
-create a focal point or area of emphasis
-framing device
-directional: direct the eye into and through the composition
-stops the eye from entering or leaving the composition
kind of line
1. hatching and cross hatching
2. outlines and contour lines
3. verticals
4. horizontals
5. diagonals
6. implied lines
7. quick curving lines
Outlines and contour line
outlines= flat surface
contour= dimensional
vertical lines
-demonstrate strength
-they're stable
-they're visual stopping point
-in a sense, they are inactive
-they are direct
- they are the position of life
horizontal lines
-restful, peaceful, inactive
-they're soothing and quiet
-you sleep horizontally
-postion of death
diagonal lines
-constantly moving
-full of energy
-unstable
-move the eye perhaps pullet quickly through a composition
-emotional and dramatic because they are constantly moving
implied lines
not a literal line but one that is composed of multiple elements arranged to suggest a line
quick curving lines
-repetitive curving lines that are energetic
-organic
-can establish a rhythm to the composition
gestalt theory
the brain attempts to organize and make sense of information
formal elements of art
-line -color -shape and mass -space -value/light -texture - pattern -time and motion
principles of design
-balance -emphasis or focal point -scale and proportion -repetition or rhythm -unity and variety