Apollo 11 Stones
Nambia. c. 25000-25300 B.C.E. Charcoal on stone
1. 7 painted stone slabs of brown-grey quartzite, depicting a variety of animals painted in charcoal, ochre, and white. The images are not easily identifiable to species level, but have been
Great Hall of Bulls
Lascaux, France. Paleolithic Europe. 15000-13000 B.C.E. Rock Painting
1. The caves are not homes, but ceremonial spaces. The artists lived a nomadic lifestyle.
2. These cave paintings could be interpreted as giving the people "hunting
Camelid sacrum in the shape of a canine
Tequixquiac, central Mexico. 14000-7000 B.C.E. Bone.
1. A camelid is an extinct animal from the same family as camels, llamas, and alpacas. A sacrum is a bone at the base of the spine and was considered sacred in ma
Running horned women
Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria. 6000-4000 B.C.E. Pigment on rock.
1. There are more than 15,000 rock paintings and engravings in Tassili. The art depicts herds of cattle and large wild animals such as giraffe and elephant, as well as human
Bushel with ibex motifs
Susan, Iran. 4200-3500 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta.
1. This beaker was discovered under a temple mound that possibly belonged to King David of the Old Testament. It is considered prehistoric (before the rise of Mesopotamian city-sta
Anthropomorphic stele
Arabian Peninsula. Fourth millennium B.C.E. Sandstone.
1. The stele was found in Saudi Arabia, an area with extensive trade routes, and is one of the earliest works from Arabia.
2. It is thought to be associated with religious or bur
Jade cong
Liangzhu, China. 3300-2200 B.C.E. Carved jade.
The Cong represents power, our relationship with nature, the spiritual world, or what happens after death.
Congs were considered a luxury good for the rich, and found next to their graves.
The circl
Stonehenge
Wiltshire, U.K. Neolithic Europe. c. 2500-1600 B.C.E. Sandstone
Experts describe the site as a very accurate solar calendar.
One bluestone placed outside of the circle is said to be where the sun rose on the summer solstice if one were standing
The Ambum Stone
Ambum Valley, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 1500 B.C.E. Greywacke
1) At the time of the Ambum Stone's creation, the people of the area made three primary types of sculpture: mortars, pestles, and freestanding figures. The style of th
Tlatilco female figurine
Central Mexico, site of Tlatico. 1200-900 B.C.E. Ceramic
1. These objects have two faces with a narrow waist and broad hips. There is a great variety and were often buried with people.
2. The use of two face design features two fa
Terra Cotta Fragment
Lapita. Solomon Islands, Reef Islands. 1000 B.C.E. Terra cotta (incised)
1) Lapita art is best known for its ceramics, featuring intricate, repeating geometric patterns that occasionally featured anthropomorphic figures.
2) These patt
White Temple and its Zuggurat
Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 35000-3000 B.C.E. Mud Brick.
- A Ziggurat served as a mountain for the gods. It was raised so that the gods wouldn't have to come all the way down to earth - worshipers and priests woul
Palette of King Narmer
Pre-dynastic Egypt. c. 3000-2920 B.C.E Greywacke
1. The palette depicts King Narmer as he is uniting Upper and Lower Egypt. His name appears on both sides of the palette and is so valuable that it has never been permitted to leave t
Statue of Votive figures from the Square Temple at Eshnunna
Sumerian. c. 2700 B.C.E. Gypsum inland with shell and black limestone
1) The facial features and pose of the votive statues is directly related to the function they served as objects to serve the
Seated Scribe
Saqqara, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynastic. c. 2620-2500 B.C.E. Painted limestone.
1. It represents a figure of a seated scribe at work. The sculpture was discovered at Saqqara, north of the alley of sphinxes leading to the Serapeum of Saq
Standard of Ur from the royal tombs
Summerian. c. 26000-24000 B.C.E. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis, lazuli, and red limestone.
1. Found in one of the largest graves in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, this piece shows the general representation of power to the E
Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx
Giza, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2550-2490 B.C.E. Cut limestone.
- Three pyramids were built over three generations as grave sites for the rulers Khufu, Menkaure, and Kharfe. There were
The code of Hammurabi
Babylon (modern Iran). Susain. c. 1792-1750 B.C.E. Basalt.
Temple of Amun-re and Hypostyle Hall
Karnark, near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th and 19th Dynasties. Temple: c. 1550 B.C.E.; hall: c. 1250 B.C.E. Cut sandstone and mud brick.
1. This is a massive temple complex that was the principal religious center of
Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and Three Daughters
New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th Dynasty. c. 1353-1335 B.C.E. Limestone.
1. This is a (once) painted limestone relief showing Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and their three daughters. Nefertiti's throne has symbols of Upper and
King Menkaura and Queen
Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2490-2472 B.C.E. Greywacke
1. The identity of the female figure with Menkaura is not clear, but the figure is definitely a royal woman. She is thought to represent the pharaoh's mother due to her pro
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1473-1458 B.C.E. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite.
1. Hatshepsut herself was the first "female king/pharaoh" of Egypt and the temple has a whole m
Tutankhamun's Tomb, intermost coffin. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1,323 B.C.E. Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones.
The innermost coffin is painted to look like King Tut in god form.
Gods were though to have skin of gold, bones of silver,
Last judgement of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb
New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty. c. 1,275 B.C.E. Painted papyrus scroll
1. This work was originally found in the tomb of Hu-Nefer. Hu-Nefer was a scribe, and would have been considered high status.
2. The illustration c
Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin
Neo-Assyrian. c. 720-705 B.C.E. Alabaster
-Guardian figures that protected the citadel (temple & palace)
-Fierce & powerful, symbolizes the king
-Inscriptions in cuneiform articulate the power of the ki
Athenian agora
Archiac through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E.-150 C.E. Plan
1) The agora was used in the Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic eras as a public place of debate, place of worship, and marketplace, played a central role in the development of th
Anavysos Kouros
Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint
1) The Kouros figure was a type of monumental sculpture in Ancient Greece that followed a tradition dating back to early Greek and Egyptian culture. Kouros figures were used as gra
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis
Archiac Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details
1. It is a sculpture of a young female with open eyes, an archaic smile, braided hair, a damaged nose, and a broken left arm. There are also holes in her head which have o
Sarcophagus of the Spouses
Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terracotta
1. The outside is a portrait of the married couple, whose ashes were placed inside. The couple has a symbolic relationship; the man has a protective arm around the woman, while the woman is see
Audience Hall of Darius and Xerxes
Persepolis, Iran. Persian. c. 520-465 B.C.E. Limestone
1.Persia was the largest empire the world had seen up to this time. As the first great empire it need an appropriate capital as a grand stage to impress people at ho
Temple of Minerva and sculpture of Apollo
Master sculptor Vulca. c. 510-500 B.C.E. Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa; terra cotta sculpture
1. This Etruscan temple was made out of mud brick with a stone foundation, and the modified doric columns
Tomb of the Triclinium
Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan. c. 480-470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco
1) This tomb, like other chamber tombs that are subterranean rock-cut chambers gets its name "triclinium" from the three coach dining room from Greco-Roman Mediterranean
Niobides Krater
Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460-450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique
1. The Niobid Painter, probably inspired by the large frescoes produced in Athens and Delphi, decorated this exceptional k
Doryphoros
Polykleitos. Original 450-440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze)
1. 1. This statue is called "Spear Bearer" (Greek: Doryphoros) because of the empty hand which in Greek times was carrying a spear. He has a closed stance and c
Acropolis
Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447-410 B.C.E. Marble
1. There was an older temple to Athena in that same area that was destroyed when the Persians invaded. The Persians destroyed and burned down the temple and the Athenians took a v
Grave stele of Hegeso
Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint
- From around the time during the end of the Classical Era when a focus on funerary art and other private sculpture not associated with the government reappears.
- Woman shown
Winged Victory of Samothrace
Hellenistic Greek. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble
1. This statue has its name because it was found on the island in the north of the Aegean which is called Samothrace. It was found in a sanctuary in the harbor that actually faces the pr
Great Altar of Zeus and Athens at Pergamon
Asia Minor (represents-day Turkey) Hellenistic Greek. c. 175 B.C.E. Marble
1. The structure breaks from the norm with the frieze being under the colonnade with figures that reach out into the stairs, the large dr
House of Vetti. Pompeii, Italy. Imperial Roman. c. second century B.C.E.; rebuilt c. 62-79 C.E. Cut stone and fresco
1. Serves as representative for Roman townhouses in Pompeii, Italy. They functioned as both domestic space and a business space.
2. Aristo
Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii
Republican Roman. c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic
1. The Alexander Mosaic was the floor of a house in Pompeii, in which it was pasted into cement. A million and a half pieces of colored pebbles make up the mosaic. The
Seated boxer
Hellenistic Greek. c. 100 B.C.E. Bronze
1. The Greeks were employed by the Romans to create works of art even after they were conquered by them.
2. This figure is less idealized than traditional Greek works that showcased contrapposto.
3. 2-4
Head of a Roman patrician
Republican Roma. c. 75-50 B.C.E. Marble
- Only patrician (wealthy) families could have these. They would parade them through the streets during the person's funeral as a "death mask".
- The parade was meant to highlight the perso
Augustus of Prima Porta
Imperial Roman. Early first century C.E. Marble
1. This represents the ideal view of the Roman emperor. It was used as propaganda and was supposed to communicate Augustus's power and ideology. He shows himself as a military victor
Colosseum (Flavin Amphitheater)
Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman. 70-80 C.E. Stone and concrete
1. The real name of the Colosseum is the Flavian Amphitheater, named after the Emperor Flavian, who converted the area into a public space from the previous emperor
Forum of Trajan
Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets: 106-112 C.E.; column completed 113 C.E. Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column)
1) Roman forums were centers located in large cities that were used for business, economics
Pantheon
Imperial Roman. 118-125 C.E. Concrete with stone facing
1.The name implies that it is dedicated to all of the gods (which it was) as there were alcoves to seven of the gods in the rotunda of the temple. (1-4 B)
2. The space is a mix of circular a
Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
Late Imperial Roman. c. 250 C.E. Marble
1. The romans are the good guys and the bad guys are the goths, the romans are portrayed as noble, stern, and serious which is to show importance of battle, heroic, and idealized while th
Catacomb of Priscilla
Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 200-400 C.E. Excavated tufa and fresco
1. Unlike Roman mosaics, which are made out of rock, Christian mosaics are often of gold or precious materials and faced with glass. Christian mosaics glimme
Santa Sabina
Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 422-432 C.E. Brick and stone, wood
1. Santa Sabina represents a synthesis of pagan Byzantine culture and an emerging acceptance of Christianity. It was constructed under the emperor Constantine who was pri
Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel, from the Vienna Genesis
Early Byzantine Europe. Early sixth century C.E. Illuminated manuscript
1) The creation of religious manuscripts such as this one was a very time consuming process. The
San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy. Early Byzantine Europe. c. 526-547 C.E. Brick, marble, and stone veneer; mosaic
1. is the mosaic of the Emperor Justinian and his court in the sanctuary of the church of San Vitale in Ravenna, Italy.
2. A major theme of this mos
Hagia Sophia
Consantinople (Istanbu). Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. 532-537 C.E. Brick and ceramic elements with stone and mosaic veneer.
1. Constructed during the rule of Emperor Justinian I and serves as a symbol of the entire Byzantine
Merovingian looped fibulae
Early medieval Europe. Mid-sixth century C.E. Silver gilt worked in filigree, with inlays of garnets and other stones.
A fibula is a pin or brooch used to fasten garments and to show the status of the wearer.
They were made popu
Virgin and child between Saints Theodore and George
Early Byzantine Europe. Six or early seventh century C.E. Encastic on wood.
- Allows for visual movement of the eye inward from Theodore and George to the Virgin and her child (Christ) and from the Virgi
Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke portrait page; St Luke incipit page
Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, pigment, and gold)
1.The book is an example of Hiberno-Saxon art-works produc
Great Mosque
C�rdoba, Spain. Umayyad. c. 785-786 C.E. Stone masonry
1. One of the oldest standing structures from the time period where Muslim's ruled the Iberian Peninsula (Spain, Portugal, and part of France) in the 8th century. (3-1, 3-1a)
2. The site
Pyxis of al-Mughira
Umayyad. c. 968 C.E. Ivory
- This Pyxis is a cylindrical box that was used for cosmetics. It was kept in a room of a palace and was given a central place as a symbol of the wealth and importance of its owner.
- It was a gift to 18-year
Church of Sainte-Foy
Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050-1130 C.E.; Reliuary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E.; with later additions. Stone (architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstone, and enamel over wood (reliquary)
Bayeux Tapestry
Romanesque Europe. c. 1066-1080 C.E. Embroidery on linen
1. The embroidery was commissioned by Bishop Odo, the half-brother of William the Conqueror. It tells the story in Latin of the Battle of Hastings along with William's conquest of En
Chartres Cathedral
Chartres, France. Gothic Europe. Orignal construction. c. 1145-1115 C.E.; reconstructed c. 1194-1220 C.E. Limestone, stained glass
1. The church was associated with the Virgin Mary. A relic of the tunic of the Virgin Mary was gifted to
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castle and King Louis IX of France, Scenes from the Apocolypse from Bibles moralis�es.
Gothic Europe. c. 1225-1245 C.E. Illuminated manuscript
The Bibles Moralisees were originally commissioned by Blanche of Castile while s
R�ttgen Piet�
Late medieval Europe (Germany). c. 1300-1325 C.E. Painted wood
1. When looking at the Rottgen Pieta you are meant to feel something like terror or distaste. It is meant to intrigue you because that is what Gothic art does. This is very diffe
Arena (Scrovengni) Chapel, including Lamentation
Padus, Italy. Unknown architect; Giotto di Bonde (artist). Chapel: c. 1303 C.E.; Fresco: c. 1305. Brick (architecture) and fresco
1) The Arena Chapel was a private Chapel connected to the palace of the Scro
Golden Haggadah (The Plagues of Egypt, Scenes of Liberation, and Preparation for Passover)
Late medieval Spain. c. 1320 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (pigment and gold leaf on vellum)
1. This is an example of medieval Jewish art. At this time, Jewish people
Alhambra
Granada, Spain. Nasrid Dynasty. 1354-1391 C.E. Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding
Annunciation Triptych
Workshop of Robert Campin. 1427-1432 C.E. Oil on wood
1)These small paintings were designed for portability. It is one of the most celebrated early Netherlandish paintings�particularly for its detailed observation, rich imagery, and
Pazzi Chapel
Basilicia di Santa Croce. Florence, Italy. Filippo Brunelleschi (architect) c. 1429-1461 C.E.
1. This chapel was patronized by the Pazzi family to show their wealth and leave their mark on Florence. In the central dome of the chapel paintings
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck. c. 1434 C.E. Oil on wood
1) There are many theories about the subject of this painting. Many believe it is a portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife, it could also be a memorial to his deceased wife. This is also p
David
Donatello. c. 1440-1460 C.E. Bronze
1. This work signals the return of the nude sculpture in the round figure, and because it was the first such work like this in over a thousand years, it is one of the most important works in the history of western
Palazzo Rucellai
Florence, Italy. Leon Battista Alberti (architect). c. 1450 C.E. Stone, masonry
Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Fra Filippo Lippi. c. 1465 C.E. Tempera on wood
- There are somber notes to the painting but it is overall fairly playful with an emphasis on the decorative aspects, such as the curling hair, and the folds of the fabric.
Birth of Venus
Sandro Brotticelli. c. 1484-1486 C.E. Tempera on canvas
- Based on an Ancient Roman sculpture of Venus (the goddess of love), which was a copy of an earlier Greek sculpture. The sculpture was in the collection of the Medici, and this painti
Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci. c. 1494-1498 C.E. Oil and Tempera
1. The subject of the Last Supper is Christ's final meal with His apostles before Judas identifies Christ to the authorities who arrest him.
2. Leonardo's Last Supper is dense with symbolic
Adam and Eve
Albrecht D�rer. 1504 C.E. Engraving
1. This work is part of the German Renaissance. It displays the Northern European devotion to detailed paintings. The classic religious subjects of Adam and Eve are standing in a 'German' forest, not a gard
Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes
Vatican City, Italy. Michelangelo. Ceiling frescoes: c. 1508-1512 C.E.; altar frescoes: c. 1536-1541 C.E. Fresco
� Michelangelo was commissioned to do this piece for Pope Julius II. He was asked to do a geome
School of Athens
Raphael. 1509-1511 C.E. Fresco
-Represents all the greatest mathematicians, philosophers and scientists from classical antiquity gathered together sharing their ideas and learning from each other. They all lived at different times
-Plato and Aristotle are in the center. Plato points up
Isenheim altarpiece
Matthias Gr�newald. c. 1512-1516 C.E. Oil on wood.
1. The techniques apparent here are the opposite of contemporary Italian High Renaissance art (due to the fact it portrays emotion). Instead late renaissance painting techniques, expre
Entombment of Christ
Jacopo da Pontormo. 1525-1528 C.E. Oil on wood
1) This work was done in the early mannerist style. Mannerism is identified by its overelaborate distortion and disregard for conventional perspective. This style first comes from the lat
Allegory of Law and Grace
Lucas Cranach the Elder. c. 1530 C.E. Woodcut and letterpress
� Cranach, the artist of the Allegory of Law and Grace, was a friend and follower of Martin Luther, known for beginning the Protestant reformation with his 95 Theses,
Venus of Urbino
Titan. c. 1538 C.E. Oil on canvas
-In order to paint this piece of art, Titian used thin layers of oil paint called glazes. He piled on layers of the paint that were almost translucent to get the very "soft" feeling of the painting
-With t
Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza
Viceroyalty of New Spain. c. 1541-1542 C.E. Ink and color on paper
1) This was commissioned by Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain, so that information about the new territory (the Aztec Empire) could be br
Il Ges�, including Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco
1. This church served as the head of the Jesuit section of the Catholic church during the reformation and as such features many anti-reformation qualities such as the display of many church fi
Hunters in the Snow
Pieters Bruegel the Elder. 1565 C.E. Oil on woods
Mosque of Selim II
Edrine, Turkey. Sinan (architect), 1568-1575 C.E. Brick and stone
1)It was built by the Sultan Selim II, the son of S�leyman the Magnificent, between 1568 and 1574. Edirne was one of Selim II's favorite cities. He was stationed here as
Calling of Saint Matthew
Caravaggio. c. 1597-1601 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. This painting was located in the side chapel of a Baroque church. Wealthy families often dedicated these chapels for their families and filled them with luxurious objects and art. Thi
Henri IV Recieves the portrait of Marie de' Medici, from the Marie de' Medici Cycle
Peter Paul Rubens. 1621-1625 C.E. Oil on canvas
1) Within the painting are Jupiter and Juno looking down on the scene a symbol of holy matrimony. Cupid and Hymen are holdi
Self-Portrait with Saskia
Rembrandt van Rijn. 1636 C.E. Etching
1. 1636 etching, Self-Portrait with Saskia, both he and his wife are shown wearing historical clothing.
2. Whether painting, etching or drawing, Rembrandt, who produced more self-portraits th
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect) 1638-1646 C.E. Stone and stucco
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Cornaro Chapel, Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria Rome, Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c. 1647-1652 C.E. Marble (sculpture); stucco and gilt bronze (chapel)
- The subject matter is the ecstasy of St. Theresa, a recently canonized
Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei
Master of Calamarca (La Paz School). c. 17th century C.E. Oil on canvas
- Combining guns (the harquebus), angels, and fashion to celebrate aristocratic, divine, and military beings, these images spread throughout the A
Las Meninas
Diego Vel�zquez. c. 1656 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Las Medians is a group portrait of Vel�zquez in his studio at work. The painting has the princess in the center attended by the maidens of honor, a dwarf, her governess, and some other attendants.
Women Holding a Balance
Johnnes Vermer. c. 1664 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Work portrays an intimate look into the interior of Dutch homes. Vermeer paints mainly everyday scenes with a deeper meaning. The viewer is looking into a private world, with the figure
The Palace of Versailles
Versailles, France. Loius Le Vau and Jules Hardouin-Mansart (architects). Begun 1669 C.E. Masonry, stone, wood, iron, and gold leaf (architecture); marble and bronze (sculpture); gardens
1. The work was designed for Louis XIV at V
Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene
Circle of the Gonz�lez Family. c. 1697-1701 C.E. Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay
-Inspired by Japanese folding screens and it is often called a biombo which comes from the Japanese word for folding screen. Early in the 17th century, there's an interest in Japanese objects that are coming to Mexico from the Philippines. Types of object
The Virgin of Guadalupe
Miguel Gonz�lez. c. 1698 C.E. Based on original Virgin of Gaudalupe. Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City. 16th century C.E. Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl
1. Spanish conquest of the Americas led to the spread of
Fruit and Insects
Rachel Ruysch. 1711 C.E. Oil on wood
1) This is a still life. Still life paintings became popular because they provided artists with an opportunity to display great skill in painting through light effects, detail, and texture.
2) The sub
Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo
Attributed to Juan Rodr�guez Ju�rez. c. 1715 C.E. Oil on canvas
- Portrays a Spanish father and Indigenous mother with their son
? Caste paintings, Typically depicts a mother, father, and children
� Racial taxonomy
Th
The T�te � T�te, from Marriage � la Mode
William Hogarth. c. 1743 C.E. Oil on canvas
-This piece was one of six scenes in a suit of paintings called "Marriage a la Mode." They were highly satiric paintings about aristocratic English society and those who
Portrait of Sor Juana In�s de la Cruz
Miguel Cabrera. c. 1750 C.E. Oil on canvas.
1) Sor Juana In�s de la Cruz was a Mexican nun (of the Jeronymite order) and writer who is known for her revolutionary, feminist ideals. She spoke with many scientific and t
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery
Joseph Wright of Derby. c. 1763-1765 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. The image depicted is inspired by the Lunar Society which was a group of intellectuals during this time to discuss to scientific research and discoveri
The Swing
Jean-Honor� Fragonard. 1767 C.E. Oil on canvas
Monticello
Virginia, U.S. Thomas Jefferson (architect). 1768-1809 C.E. Brick, glass, stone, and wood
- Jefferson expressed dissatisfaction for the architecture surrounding him Williamsburg>Wanted French neoclassical architecture for an American audience
T
The Oath of the Horatii
Jacques-Louis David. 1784 C.E. Oil on canvas.
1. This painting depicts a group of three brothers vowing to fight to the death on behalf of Rome. It depicts a time during which Rome was warring with another city state and they agree
George Washington
Jean-Antoine Hudson. 1788-1792 C.E. Marble.
1) This sculpture is made in a style similar to Roman and Greek statues, George Washington is idealized and classicized but he is shown in contemporary clothing to the era, classical heroic Gre
Self-Portrait
Louise �lisabeth Vig�e Le Brun. 1790 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. It is a late example of the Rococo style. Rococo epitomized a fashionable ideal, wherein perpetual youth was libertine and pleasure-loving, its sexual gratification taken without gui
Y no hai remedio, fromo Los Desastres de la Guerra, plate 15
Francisco de Goya. 1810-1823 C.E. (publised 1863) Etching, drypoint, burin, and burnishing
La Grande Odalisque
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. 1814 C.E. Oil on canvas
- The painting caused a scandal because it depicted a female nude that was not of Venus but rather an Odalisque from the Western perspective of what she may look like.
- These kind
Liberty Leading the people
Eug�ne Delacroix. 1830 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Displays a scene from the July Revolution of 1830 which marked the overthrow of King Charles X, who was replaced by the "Citizen King," Louis-Philippe.
2. The female figure at the cen
The Oxbow
Thomas Cole. 1836 C.E. Oil on canvas.
1. The Oxbow is a Hudson River School painting. Landscape painting was ranked very low by the academies in Europe, and painting was ranked very low in American society. When Americans did was paintings, they
Still Life in Studio
Louis-Jacques Mand� Daguerre. 1837 C.E. Daguerreotype.
1. The daguerreotype was the French version of modern photography. It was a single image characterized by a sharp focus and great clarity of detail. This image was taken by the in
Slave Ship
Joseph Mallord William Turner. 1840 C.E. Oil on canvas
� The painting appears to be a beautiful landscape featuring a subset until the viewer looks closer to see the shackled foot above water tinged with blood and then it becomes clear that the
Palace of Westminster
London, England. Charles Barry and Augustus W. N. Pugin (architects). 1840-1870 C.E. Limestone masonry and glass
-There was a great fire in 1834 and it burned down the old palace that had been here and there was a competition that was held for designs for a new building. The competition stated that the new structure had to be designed either in Gothic or Elizabethan
The Stone Breakers
Gustave Courbet. 1849 C.E. (destroyed in 1945). Oil on canvas.
1. This painting was intended to make a statement: it's grand size was previously reserved for religious paintings. It depicts father and son, the poorest of the poor, break
Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art
Honor� Daumier. 1862 C.E. Lithograph
Olympia
�douard Manet. 1863 C.E. Oil on canvas
Manet draws the viewer into the fantasy by painting from the viewers perspective, making it erotic.
Olympia is a prostitute, and her servant is handing her flowers from a recent customer, meaning she is wealt
The Saint-Lazare Station
Claude Monet. 1877 C.E. Oil on canvas
-Monet depicts one of the passenger platforms of the Gare Saint-Lazare, one of Paris's largest and busiest train terminals. The painting is not so much a single view of a train platform, it is
The Horse in Motion
Eadweard Muybridge. 1878 C.E. Albumen print
1) The goal of this photograph was the answer the question: Does a horse ever has all four legs off of the ground when galloping? Around the same time of this works's creation, new technologi
The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel
Jos� Mar�a Velasco. 1882 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Velasco was a very academically minded painted who primarily specialized in panorma views.
He informed his paintings through careful study of nature. He
The Burghers of Calais
Auguste Rodin. 1884-1895 C.E. Bronze
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh. 1889. Oil on canvas
The Coiffure
Mary Cassatt. 1890-1891 C.E, Drypoint and aquatint
1. Mary Cassatt's work was heavily influenced by artists like Manet and Degas, but differed from some of her other contemporaries like Monet, as she painted interiors, women, and children rat
The Scream
Edvard Munch. 1893 C.E. Tempera and pastels on cardboard
1) This piece is symbolism, a reaction by artists to realism. Artists like Munch from this period felt the unseen forces of life that are not just seen. These artists embraced dreams and
Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?
Paul Gauguin. 1897-1898 C.E. Oil on canvas
Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building
Chicago, Illinios, U.S. Louis Sullivan (architect). 1899-1903 C.E. Iron, steel, glass, and terra cotta
Mont Sainte-Victorie
Paul C�zanne. 1902-1904 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Cezanne painted an entire series of this mountain from this view as it is seen from the hill of Les Lauvres. They rarely feature humans and he was more concerned with the geometric forms i
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
Pablo Picasso. 1907 C.E. Oil on canvas
- This work is an example of Picasso's "African" or "photo-cubist phase," which he focused on after being inspired by what he saw as the primitive energy and force of a show of African masks
The Steerage
Alfred Stieglitz. 1907 C.E. Photogravure
1. Stieglitz photographed the world as he saw it. He arranged little and allowed people and events to make their own compositions. He was interested in compositional possibilities of diagonals and line
The Kiss
Gustav Klimt. 1907-1908 C.E. Oil and gold leaf on canvas
1. The two figures represented are not distinct. Little of the human form is actually seen, only 2 heads, 4 hands, and two feet. The bodies are suggested as being under the patterned area.
The Kiss
Constantin Brancusi. 1907-1908 C.E. Limestone
1. Constantin Brancusi is one of a handful of artists who helped redefine modern sculpture at the turn of the twentieth century and was considered an outsider in Paris (the center of the art world bef
The Portuguese
Georges Braque. 1911 C.E. Oil on canvas
-Style is Analytical Cubism. Braque worked with Pablo Picasso to develop this style.
-The content of analytical cubist paintings, such as The Portuguese, are the sights and sounds of the cafes in the areas where they worked. The Portuguese depicts caf� mu
Goldfish
Henri Mattisse. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Matisse was a very influential figure of the French expressionist movement which sought to use color as a form of expression (rather than simulating light effects). He used pure areas of complimentary co
Improvisation 28
Vassily Kandinsky. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. Kandisky viewed painting as a form of music which was directly connected to emotions. His goal in his works was to reach the soul of the viewer through the unconscious.
2. Colors were importan
Self-Portrait as a Soldier
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. 1915 C.E. Oil on canvas
Kirchner, together with several other young artists from Dresden founded the German Expressionist group Die Br�cke (The Bridge).
Kirchner joined the army as a driver, but was seen a
Memorial Sheet for Karl Liebknecht
K�the Kollwitz. 1919-1920 C.E. Woodcut
-In the political turmoil after the First World War, many artists turned to making prints instead of paintings. The ability to produce multiple copies of the same image made printma
Villa Savoye
Poissy-sur-Seine, France. Le Corbusier (architect). 1929 C.E. Steel and reinforced concrete
1) Designed by Le Corbusier in 1929. It was made during a decade where the architect "worked to articulate the essence of modern architecture". Villa
Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow
Piet Mondrain. 1930 C.E. Oil on canvas
1.The composition of this piece feels very severe and simple with its sue of right-angled geometric figures and primary colors. The tiles make no reference no anything man made o
Illustration from The Results of the First Five-Year Plan
Varvara Stepanova. 1932 C.E. Photomontage.
Object (Le D�jeuner en fourrure). Meret Oppenheim. 1936 C.E. Fur-covered cup, saucer, spoon
Fallingwater
Pennsylvannia, U.S. Frank Lloyd Wright (architect) 1936-1939 C.E. Reinforced concrete, sandstone, steel, and glass
1. The architect Frank Lloyd Wright was a pupil of the Chicago-based architect Louis Sullivan, and he based his work upon Sulli
The Two Fridas
Frida Kahlo. 1939 C.E. Oil on canvas
The Migration of the Negro, Panel no. 49
Jacob Lawrence. 1940-1941 C.E. Casein tempera on hardboard
The Jungle
Wifredo Lam. 1943 C.E. Gouache on paper mounted on canvas
Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park
Diego Rivera. 1947-1948 C.E. Fresco
1. Fifty by thirteen foot high fresco Features hundreds of characters from 400 years of Mexican history. The three eras depicted are the colonization of Mexico, The Porfir
Fountain
Marcel Duchamp. 1950 C.E. (original 1917). Readymade glazed sanitary china with black paint
- The work is signed as by "R. Mutt," a pun on both a manufacturer of plumbing (Mott Iron Works) and a comic strip character (Mutt of "Mutt and Jeff").
-
Woman, I
William de Kooning. 1950-1952 C.E. Oil on canvas
1. De Kooning strongly opposed the restrictions imposed by naming movements and, while generally considered to be an Abstract Expressionist, he never fully abandoned the depiction of the human figu
Seagram Building
New York City, U.S. Ludwig Miles van er Rohe and Philip Johnson (architects). 1954-1958 C.E. Steel frame with glass curtain wall and bronze
1. The building is a reflection of the growth of the Minimalist movement in painting and Bauhaus m
Marilyn Diptych
Andy Warhol. 1962 C.E. Oil, acrylic, and silkscreen enamel on canvas
Narcissus Garden
Yayoi Kusama. Original Installation and performance 1966. Mirror balls
-Kusama taught herself who lives in a private Tokyo mental health facility and is continuing to produce art in various media in her studio nearby
- This is made up of 1500 large, mirrored, stainless steel balls placed on a lawn under a sign that said "You
The Bay
Helen Frankenthaler. 1963 C.E. Acrylic on canvas
1. During the creation process, paint was poured onto the canvas while it was still wet in order to achieve the blurred and smooth effect as the colors blend into one another.
2. Rather than using o
Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks
Claes Oldenburg. 1969-1974 C.E. Cor-Ten steel, steel, aluminum, and cast resin; painted with polyurethane enamel
1. The sculpture was originally placed on the Yale University campus and appeared, uninvited, durin
Spiral Jetty
Great Salt Lake, Utah. U.S. Robert Smithson. 1970 C.E. Earthwork: mud, precipitated salt crystals, rocks, and water coil
Dirt and rubble were pushed into this form.
Basic shape, influenced by prehistoric earthwork, the more abstract ones.
Int
House in New Castle County
Delaware, U.S. Robert Venturi, John Rauch, and Denise Scott Brown (architects). 1978-1983 C.E. Wood frame and stucco
-Robert Venturi's New Castle County House offers a modest but instructive example of the Post-Modern style set
Chav�n de Hu�ntar
Northern highlands, Peru. Chav�n.900-200 B.C.E. Stone (architectural complex); granite (Lanz�n and sculpture); hammered gold alloy (jewelry)
1) Chav�n de Huantar is located in the highlands of Peru. Chav�n is in a central location near t
Mesa Verde cliff dwelling
Montezuma County, Colorado Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) 450-1300 C.E. Sandstone
1.This dwelling was carved into the side of a cliff and would have housed a clan of about 250 people who lived together for support and protection.
2
Yaxchil�n
Chiapas, Mexico. Maya. 725 C.E. Limestone (architectural complex)
Great Serpent Mound
Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound
Great Serpent Mound
Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound
1. The Great Se
Templo Mayor (Main Temple)
Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico). Mexica (Aztec). 1375-1520 C.E. Stone (temple); volcanic stone (The Coyolxauhqui Stone); jadeite (Olmec-style mask); basalt (Calendar Stone)
1. This site is located in modern-day Mexico City where th
Ruler's feather headdress (probably of Motecuhzoma II)
Mexica (Aztec). 1428-1520 C.E. Feathers (quetzal and cotinga) and gold
1.The specific material of the headdress, quetzal tail feathers, are important and represent the value of the headdress and the s
City of Cusco, including O0rikancha (Inka main temple), Santo Domingo (Spanish colonial convent), and Walls at Saqsa Waman (Sacsayhuaman)
Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1440 C.E.; convent added 1550-1650 C.E. Andesite
1. The city was divided into two s
Maize cobs
Inka. c. 1440-1533 C.E. Sheet metal/repouss�, metal alloys
City of Machu Picchu
Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1450-1540 C.E. Granite (architectural complex)
1. Built as a royal estate for the emperor Pachacuti Inka Yupanqui during the 15th century
2. It was a three day walk from Cusco. The site was chosen bec
All-T'oqapu tunic
Inka. 1450-1540 C.E. Camelid fiber and cotton
- Textiles had been very important in the Andes way before the rise of the Inka. Well-made textiles were even more important than gold or gems in most Andean cultures.
- To make the textile,
Bandolier bag
Lenape (Delaware tribe, Eastern Woodlands). c. 1850 C.E. Beadwork on leather
1. Bandolier bags are based on bags carried by European soldiers armed with rifles, who used the bags to store ammunition cartridges. Bags are often large in size a
Transformation mask
Kwakwaka'wakw, Northwest coast of Canada. Late 19th century C.E. Wood, paint, and string
1. This mask is worn by the native people of the Pacific Northwest, western Canada, and Alaska. The masks are passed through families and represen
Painted elk hide
Attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody), Eastern Shoshone, Wind River Resservation, Wyoming. c. 1890-1900 C.E. Painted elk hide
1. Elk hides were created according to the stories of oral traditions to record history. The tradition has most li
Black-on-black ceramic vessel
Maria Martinez and Julian Martinez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. mid-20th century C.E. Blackware ceramic.
-All the raw materials had to be gathered and processes carefully or the final vessel would not fire properly. The clay was found locally. To make the pottery stronger, it had to be mixed with a temper made from sherds of broken pots that had been pounded
Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe
Southeastern Zimbabwe, Shona peoples. c. 1000-1400 C.E. Coursed granite blocks.
1. The conical tower was modeled after traditional grain silos which represented the inhabitants' control of food in addition
Great Mosque of Djenn�
Mali. Founded c. 1200 C.E.; rebuilt 1906-1907. Adobe.
1. This mosque is a center of commerce, learning, and Islam. It is both a religious and cultural center for the people of Mali.
2. It is believed that the building was originally
Wall plaque, from Oba's palace
Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria). 16th century C.E. Cast brass
- Commissioned by an Oba (king) in the Benin Empire in present-day Nigeria
- Shows the royal lineage of the Oba, hierarchy of scale
- Attendants shield him from the
Sika dwa kofi (Golden Stool)
Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana). c. 1700 C.E. Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments
-The stool is never actually used as a stool. It is used only to display the new king, who is raised over the stool. The stool is to
Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul
Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. 1760-1780 C.E. Wood
1) This statue was commissioned by the Kuba King Mishe miShyaang maMbdul in 1710. This Kuba was received much praise, so this sta
Power figure (Nkisi n'kondi)
Kongo people's (Democratic Republic of Congo). c. late 19th century C.E. Wood and metal
1. The images on the figure are representative of spirits that are believed to be housed in the figure.
2. These spirits can be called upo
Female (Pwo) mask
Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). Late 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal
1. Would have been worn by men in a dance to honor young women to celebrate their fertility and vitality.
2. The Chok
Portrait mask (Mblo)
Baule peoples ( C�te d'Ivoire). Early 20th century C.E. Wood and pigment
1. Adornment, scarification, and markings show power.
2. Small mouth alludes to the woman's role of not spreading gossip and the eyes are inward looking.
Bundu mask
Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and (Liberia). 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, cloth, and fiber
1. This is a helmet mask worn by women in the Sande Society of the Mende peoples. It was used in ceremonies to in
Ikenga (shrine figure)
Igbo peoples (Nigeria).c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood
1. Ikenga means "strong right arm". This figure honors the right hand, which holds tools or weapons, makes sacrifices, leads rituals and public forums. The right hand is assoc
Lukasa (memory board)
Mbudye Society, Luba peoples (Democratic Rpublic of the Congo). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, beads, and metal
1. The Luba Kingdom of the Democratic Republic of Congo was a very powerful and influential presence from the sixteen
Aka elephant mask
Bamileke (Cameroon, western grassfields region). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads
Reliquary figure (byeri)
Fang peoples (southern Cameroon). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood
The Fang figure, a masterpiece by a known artist or workshop, has primarily been reduced to a series of basic shapes�cylinders and circles.
1. Guarded a reliquary
Veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga)
Olowe of Ise (Yoruba peoples). c. 1910-1914 C.E. Wood and pigment
- A vertical sculpture that was intended to be the central structural post for the palace porch at Ikere.
- The king sits as the m
Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple
Nabateen Ptolemaic and Roman. c. 400 B.C.E - 100 C.E. Cut rock
1. Petra was the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom for most of its history until the Roman Emperor Trajan created the province of Arabia in 106 C.E., an
Buddha
Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Gandharan. c. 400-800 C.E. (destroyed in 2001). Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint
1. The city of Bamiyan was located at the western end of the Silk Road, making it an important trading and religious center. Pilgrims o
The Kaaba
Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631-632 C.E.; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread
1. The Kaaba is a holy pilgrimage sit
Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple
Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty. Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 C.E. Gilt metals with sempirecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings
-This is said to be blessed by the Buddha himself.
-The Jokhang Temple is the holiest site in Tibetan Buddhism, attracting large crowds of prostrating Tibetan pilgrims.
-"Jowo" means lord and "Khang" means house
-This is a depiction of Buddha Sakyamuni at
Dome of the Rock
Jerusalem. Islamic, Umayyad. 691-629 C.E., with multiple renovations. Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome.
1. This site is very significant to Jews, Muslims, and Chr
Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh)
Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties. c. 700 C.E.; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries C.E. Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile
1. The
Folio from a Qur'an
Arab, North Africa, or Near East. Abbasid. c. eighth to ninth century C.E. ink, color, and gold on parchment
Arabic is read left to right, the script shown is Arabic, but it was created to be more artistic then scholastic.
Written in K
Basin (Baptist�re de Saint Louis)
Muhammad ibn al-Zain. c. 1320-1340 C.E. Brass inlaid with gold and silver
-The basin is signed by the artist six times. It is specifically signed in Arabic.
-The original use of the basin was to wash one's hands at offici
Bahram Gur Fights the Karg, folio from the Great Il-Khanid Shahnama
Islamic; Persian, Il'Khanid. c. 1330-1340 C.E. Ink and opaque watercolor, gold, and silver on paper
The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmasp's Shahnama
Sultan Muhammad. c. 1522-1525 C.E. Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper
1. This is an excerpt from the Book of Kings which retells the history of Persia from ancient times and it is in the for
The Ardabil Carpet
Maqsud of Kashan. 1539-1540 C.E. Silk and wool
Great Stupa at Sanchi
Madhya Pradesh, India. Buddhist; Maurya, late Sunga Dynasty. c. 300 B.C.E. - 100 B.C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone on dome
-1.The Great Stupa and Sanchi was a buddhist temple and burial mound that was associated with the Mauryan empero
Terra cotta warriors from mausoleum of the first Qin emperor of China
Qin Dynasty. c. 221-209 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta
1. These soldiers were commissioned by Emperor Qin shortly after he took the throne in 246 BC and work on the tomb continued throughou
Funeral banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui)
Han Dynasty, China. c. 180 B.C.E. Painted silk
1.Beliefs about the afterworld in the Han Dynasty was similar to Egyptian beliefs. They believed part ascended to heaven and part remained on earth to be fed. (8-2A)
2.Th
Longmen caves
Luoyang, China. Tang Dynasty. 493-1127 C.E. Limestone
1. Buddhism, born in India, was transmitted to China intermittently and haphazardly. Starting as early as the 1st century C.E., Buddhism brought to China new images, texts, ideas about li
Gold and jade crown
Three Kingdoms Period, Silla Kingdom, Korea. Fifth to sixth century C.E. Metalwork
Todai-ji
Nara, Japan. Various artist, including sculptors Unkei and Keikei, as well as the Kei School. 743 C.E.; rebuilt c. 1700. Bronze and wood (sculpture); wood with ceramic-tile roofing (architecture)
1. Roots are in the arrival of Buddhism in Japan a
Borobudur Temple
Central Java, Indonesia. Sailendra Dynasty. c. 750-842 C.E. Volcanic-stone masonry
- The Temple of Borobudur, which serves as a three-dimensional mandala (diagram of the cosmos for meditation), contains 504 life-size Buddhas and 2672 tota
Angkor, the temple of Angkor Wat, and the city of Angkor Thom, Cambodia
Hindu, Angkor Dynasty. c. 800-1400 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone
1. Angkor Wat is the largest religious monument in the world. It is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu who is one of th
Lakshmana Temple
Khajuraho, India. Hindu, Chandella Dynasty. c. 930-950 C.E. Sandstone
1. The Hindu temple appears placed on a high pedestal. The temple itself is made of a series of shapes that come together to become a large tower, with complicated inte
Travelers among Mountains and Streams
Fan Kuan. c. 1000 C.E. Ink and colors on silk
1. Fan Kuan is known as having been an unconventional artist having lived in the mountains as a Daoist hermit. The landscape painting he created is often denoted as a prim
Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja)
Hindu; India (Tamil Nadu), Chola Dynasty. c. 11th century C.E. Cast bronze
Night Attack on the Sanj? Palace
Kamakura Period, Japan. c. 1250-1300 C.E. Handstroll (ink and color on paper)
1. Detailed event of the massacre as a form of propaganda most likely created for the family who lost this battle but won the war as a way to co
The David Vases
Yuan Dynasty, China. 1351 C.E. White porcelain with cobalt-blue underglaze
1. This style of vases usually is associated with Chinese culture. This particular style was created during the reign of Mongolian monarchs.
2. They are created usi
Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417-1475)
Imperial Bureau of Painting. c. 15th century C.E. Hanging scroll (ink and color on silk)
- Rank badges are insignia typically made of embroidered silk. They indicate the status of the official, which could be anyone from
Forbidden City
Beijing, China. Ming Dynasty. 15th century C.E. and later. Stone masonry, marble, brick, wood, and ceramic tile
-It is the largest and most complete Chinese architectural ensemble in existence. There are about 9000 rooms with walls that are
Ryoan-ji
Kyoto, Japan. Muromachi Period, Japan. 1480 C.E.; current design most likely dates to the 18th century. Rock garden
Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh
Bichitr. c. 1620 C.E. Watercolor gold, and ink on paper
1. The subject of this picture, Jahangir, liked to have many artists follow him to document his travels and this image is a product of that. This documentation was a
Taj Mahal
Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Masons, marble workers, mosaicists, and decorators working under the supervision of Ustad Ahmad Lahori, architect of the emperor. 1632-1653 C.E. Stone masonry and marble with inlay of precious and semiprecious stones;
White and Red Plum Blossoms
Ogata Korin. c. 1710-1716 C.E. Ink, watercolor, and gold leaf on paper
1. The image seems both abstract and realistic at the same time. Its background> subtle grid of gold leaf everything with an ethereal glow. The stream's swe
Under the Wave of Kanagawa (Kanagawa oki nami ura), as known as the Great Wave, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji
Katsushika Hokusai. 1830-1833 C.E. Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper
Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan
Artist unknown; based on oil painting by Lui Chunhua. c. 1969 C.E. Color lithograph
1.This image is color lithograph based on an oil painting. It may be the most reproduced image ever made, with over 900 million images gene
Nan Madol
Pohnpei, Micronesia. Saudeleur Dynasty. c. 700-1600 C.E. Basalt boulders and prismatic columns
1. a ruined city adjacent to the eastern shore of the island of Pohnpei that was the capital of the Saudeleur Dynasty until about 1628.
2. It is in th
Moai on platform (ahu)
Rapa Nui (Easter Island). c. 1100-1600 C.E. Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base
'Ahu 'ula (feather cape)
Hawaiian. Late 18th century C.E. Feathers and fiber
1. Work by Hawaiian male nobility during ceremonies and battles. In Polynesia, the color red was associated with gods and chiefs and in Hawaii, yellow feathers became valuable du
Staff god
Rarotonga, Cook Islands, central Polynesia. Late 18th to early 19th century C.E. Wood, tapa, fiber, and feathers
- God figure placed in commons of village; specific to place and people.
- Wooden shaft with head of god at top, smaller heads below
Female deity
Nukuoro, Micronesia. c. 18th to 19th century C.E. wood
Carving,
1. Figures like this were made in considerable numbers and represented individual, even local deities worshipped in community religious buildings. Local deities in Nukuoro reside
Buk (mask)
Torres Strait. Mid-to late 19th century C.E. Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers, and shell
1. The mask is from the Torres Strait, located in the water passageway between Australia. The turtle shell mask is unique to this region.
2. The mask wa
Hiapo (tapa)
Niue. c. 1850-1900 C.E. Tapa or bark cloth, freehand painting
1. Men were often responsible for arts made of hard materials such as wood, stone, or bones and the art was generally more often associated with the realm of the sacred and had mor
Tamati Waka Nene
Gottfried Lindauer. 1890 C.E. Oil on canvas
- Lindauer's main patron was Henry Partridge who commissioned dozens of Maori portraits in the belief the people were dying out and that they and their culture needed to be documented.
- This was painted posthumously based off of a photo of the subject.
-
Navigation chart
Marshall Islands, Micronesia. 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood and fiber
1. A large theme in Pacific art is the sea: exploration, vessels, etc. Papuan-speaking people traveled over a land bridge 30,000 years ago and the Lapita people
Malagan display and mask
New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 20th century C.E. Wood, pigment, fiber, and shell
1. Malagan was used in a ritual to send the dead off and fulfill the responsibility of the living to them. Special structures were create
Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II
Fiji, Polynesia. 1953 C.E. Multimedia performance (costume; cosmetics, including scent; chant; movement; and pandanus fiber/hibiscus fiber mats), photographic documentation
The Gates
New York City, U.S. Christo and Jeanne-Claude. 1979-2005 C.E. Mixed-media installation
-Each gate, a rectilinear three-sided rigid vinyl frame resting on two steel footings, supported saffron-colored fabric panels that hung loosely from the top.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
Washington, D.C., U.S. Maya Lin. 1982 C.E. Granite
Horn Players
Jean-Michel Basquiat. 1983 C.E. Acrylic and oil paintstick on three canvas panels
1. Basquait is a very multicultural artist and this is reflected in his artwork. He was raised in Brooklyn to Puerto Rican and Haitian parents and thus has a di
Summer Trees
Song Su-nam. 1983 C.E. Ink on paper
Androgyne III
Magdalena Abakanowicz. 1985 C.E. Burlap, resin, wood, nails, and string
1. Magdekena Abakanowicz born during nazi occuaption of Poland. Her work was inspired by the tradegy that she witnessed. Androgyne means having a gender that is simultan
A Book from the sky
Xu Bing. Beijing, China. 1987-1991 C.E. Mixed-media installation
1. This work is comprised of huge scrolls of paper draped from the ceiling of a room, large books forming waves on the floor, and characters posted on the walls. The comp
Pink Panther
Jeff Koons. 1988 C.E. Glazed porcelain
1) This sculpture depicts a woman in a green dress with a pink panther clutched to her chest. The panther covers one breast and the other is covered by her hand. The figure is based off of Jayne Mansfiel
Untitled (#228), from the History Portraits series
Cindy Sherman. Rome, Italy. 1990 C.E. Photograph
1. Judith looks boldly out at her audience and presents the head of Holofernes in her right hand, displaying the dagger she used to decapitate him in her l
Dancing at the Louvre, from the series The French Collection, Part I; #1
Faith Ringgold. France, Europe. 1991 C.E. Acrylic on canvas, tie-dyed, pieced fabric border
Trade (Gifts for Trading Land with White People) Jaune Quick-to-See Smith. Virginia. 1992 C.E. Oil and mixed media on canvas.
1. Made as a response to the 500th anniversary of Columbus' arrival in north America. The artist calls this piece a non-celebrati
Earth's Creation
Emily Kame Kngwarreye. Utopia Australia. 1994 C.E. Synthetic polymer paint on canvas.
- An example of Kngwarreye's "high colorist" phase, where the artist explored the use of a greater color palette, but still connected her works with the
Rebellious Silence, from the Women of Allah series Shirin Neshat (artist); photo by Cynthia Preston. 1994 C.E. Ink on photograph.
1. Neshat's photographic series examines the complexities of women's identities in the midst of a changing cultural landscape
En la Barberia no se Llora (No Crying Allowed in the Barbershop)
Pepon Osorio. 1994 C.E. Mixedmedia installation.
1. The artist is Puerto-Rican born but lives in New York. This instillation work is recreating a common center of Latino male culture, the ba
Pisupo Lua Afe (Corned Beef 2000)
Michel Tuffery. New Zealand. 1994 C.E. Mixed media
1. Pisupo is the Samoan version of the "pea soup" (the first canned food introduced into the Pacific Islands by Westerners). This later became a generic term to reference
Electronic Superhighway
Nam June Paik. 1995 C.E. Mixed-media installation (49-channel closedcircuit video installation, neon, steel, and electronic components).
1. Nam June Paik is known as the "father of video art" because he was the first artist to use
The Crossing
Bill Viola. 1996 C.E. Video/sound installation
- Bill Viola fell off a boat when he was younger which caused him to fascinated with water.
- two sides: one is water and the other is fire. The rain starts coming down fairly soft and proceeds to get more and more intense. the rain gets so hard that you
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
Spain. Frank Gehry (architect). 1997 C.E. Titanium, glass, and limestone.
1. One of the first museums to go against the tradition of neo-classicism commonly associated with museums around the world. The quintessential pediments in
Pure Land
Mariko Mori. Tokyo, Japan. 1998. C.E. Color photograph on glass
1. The medium used for the piece is glass with photo interlayer on five panels. Mori seeks to prove the idea that photography can have the same effect as a painting.
2. Mariko Mori
Lying with the Wolf
Kiki Smith. New York. 2001 C.E. Ink and pencil on paper
Smith often puts women in the natural world. Here instead of predator and prey they are companions.
There is a female character that seems to be reoccurring, as well as a wolf and
Darkytown Rebellion
Kara Walker. 2001 C.E. Cut paper and projection on wall.
-This ensemble, made up of over a dozen characters, plays out a nightmarish scene on a single plane: one figure stands upright over his severed limb, despite his bleeding leg stu
The Swing (after Fragonard)
Yinka Shonibare. Sheffield. 2001 C.E. Mixed-media installation
1) This is a 3D recreation of Fragonard's Rococo painting called The Swing. While this work features a similar female figure on the swing, surrounded by vegetation,
Old Man's Cloth
El Anatsui. Southern Nigeria. 2003 C.E. Aluminum and copper wire
1. Made from aluminum and copper wire (flattened liquor caps fastened together). The caps represent the history of trade from Europe to Africa. Liquor was brought and used as
Stadia II
Julie Mehretu. New York. 2004 C.E. Ink and acrylic on canvas
Preying Mantra
Wangechi Mutu. 2006 C.E. Mixed media on Mylar
1. This collage features a grotesque looking women as she reclines on a blanket that resembles the traditional African Kuba cloth. One tree is seen in the foreground of the piece while another can be seen behind the woman figure. The woman's legs are tigh
Shibboleth
Doris Salcedo. Turbine Hall, London. 2007-2008 C.E. Installation
1. This large crack in the floor of the Tate gallery represents the schism between immigrants and native Europeans. It is meant to symbolize the ways in which racism, segregation,
MAXXI National Museum of XXI Century Arts
Rome, Italy. Zaha Hadid (architect). 2009 C.E. Glass, steel, and cement.
1. The structure of the building represents rivers and the movement and changing patterns of a river and delta. The winding staircases and p
Kui Hua Zi (Sunflower Seeds)
Ai Weiwei. 2010-2011 C.E. Sculpted and painted porcelain.
1. consists of more than 100 million tiny, handmade porcelain sunflower seeds, originally weighing in at 150 tons.
2. Sunflower seeds evokes a warm personal memory for