Girl Gathering Saffron Crocus Flowers
Before 1639 BCE
Room 3 of House Xeste 3, Akrotiri, Thera, Cyclades
Fresco
-wearing ritual clothing
-harvesting plants (crocus)
-offering them to a goddess
-crocus - painkiller
-why is she harvesting it?
-adults - long hair
-children - shaved heads
-girl in painting has long and short hair (teen)
-thought to be her first period
Reconstruction Drawing of the "Palace" Complex
Old Palace Period: c. 1900-1700 BCE
New Palace Period: c. 1700-1450 BCE
Final Destruction: 1375 BCE
Knossos, Crete
Cut Stone, Masonry, Ashlar, mud, plaster
-grid-like structure
-has ritual areas
-no gate or walls, open architecture
-small plaques that show architecture
-richly decorated with frescos
-frescoes showed interest in natural world
-frescoes seemed to lead toward the central court
East Wing Stairwell
New Palace Period, c. 1700-1450 BCE
"Palace" Complex, Knossos, Crete
-Light Well
-Open ceiling
-to allow light and flow of air into building (like AC)
-stairs wrapped around the well
-columns may be signs of a deity
-had significance instead of just structural function
Bull Leaping
Late Minoan Period, c. 1450-1375 BCE
"Palace" Complex, Knossos, Crete
Wall Painting
-thought to be an event in the central court
-saying everyone has a youth
-shows his strength and speed
-bull leaping was popular
-is sometimes shown in jewelry
Two Views of the Harvester Rhyton
New Palace Period, c. 1650-1450 BCE
Hagia Triada, Crete
Steatite
-man playing a systrum
-people singing with it
-mans ribs are shown to show that he is taking a breath before singing
-the leader is in a cloak
-they are agricultural workers going to the fields
-Rhyton - offering for liquids
Landscape ("Spring Fresco")
Before 1630 BCE
Akrotiri, Thera, Cyclades
Wall Painting
-painted in "true fresco" - painted with wet plaster
-why a landscape in the middle of the city?
-was not for decoration
-it was a natural theater for the divine to manifest
Dagger Blade with Lion Hunt
c. 1550-1500 BCE
Mycenae, Greece
Bronze inlaid with gold, silver, and niello
-puts hunting and warfare together
-figures look aristocratic
Cutaway Drawing of Tholos
c. 1300-1200 BCE
-Tholos = round
-cut stone (ashlar) assembled by corbel stone
Exekias
Ajax and Achilles Playing a Game
c. 540-530 BCE
Greece
Black-figure painting on ceramic
-Achilles and Ajax playing dice
-handles decorated with plants
-scene from the Trojan War
-two greatest Greek heroes
-shows the space between havoc (they die in war)
-their armor is set to the side
-arching back=concentration
-quiet moment before the Troj
Funerary Krater
c. 750-735
Athens
Ceramic
-geometric
-meant to be a grave monument
-shorthands for figures
-shows a funeral
-sides show mourners
-deceased are in the middle
-below are people in chariots/warriors
-may be funerary games
-might be episodes from deceased warrior
Olpe
c. 650-625
Corinth
black-figure painting on ceramic
-painted with slip, when fired it turns black
-details were engraved later
Battle Between the Gods and the Giants
c. 530-525
Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi
Marble
-battle between new upcoming olympian gods and old (earth bound/underworld) gods
-Hercules=wearing lion skin
-giants using hoplite formation
-in lines, if someone is killed, the person behind steps in
-lion biting into figures
-clothes blowing=suggestion
Dying Warrior
c. 500-490
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina
Marble
-dying, pulling arrow from his body
-had to fit into bottom corner, awkward pose
-archaic smile means he is living
-heavily braided hair
Dying Warrior 2
c. 500-490
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina
Marble
-shows more weight
-hands still in shield
-early classical piece
Metropolitan Kouros
c. 600-590
Attica, Greece
Marble
-stiff
-intricate braiding of hair
-no sense of weight or stance
-suggested that he is wearing armor
-not an organic figure
-everything (joints) perfectly horizontal
-follows a proportional system
-worked in an Egyptian manner, carved in from stone
Anavysos Kouros
c. 530
Athens
Marble
-funerary monument
-more organic than other dying warrior
-greater sense of natural body/form
-perfectly horizontal
-maybe wearing armor
Peplos Kore
c. 530
Athens
Marble
-clothed because she is a woman
-expressionless
-very painted
-acids in soil ate away the paint
-thought to be the goddess Artemis
-can tell from bent arm that she carried a bow
-head is slightly turned
-hip is shifted and hem is up
Charioteer
c. 470
Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi
Bronze
-found in rubble at Delphi
-honoring the patron, not the driver
-4 horse chariot
-unsure if it's before or after the race because of the drivers expression
-shows stillness, means the most god-like a mortal could be
-young man, moment of perfect male beau
Euphronios Krater
Death of Sarpedon
c. 515
Ceramic
-shows the death of Sarpedon
-shows balance and order within action
-trojan war scene
-Sarpedon is stripped from his armor
-Sarpedon is Zeus' son, Zeus sends Hermes (messenger), sleep, and death to take his soul
The Canon" of Polykleitos
c. 450-440
Marble
-manual that shows the rules of sculpture
-sculpture used to illustrate the manual
-Roman copy in Marble, not bronze
-shows proportional laws of a body
-contrapposto pose/stance
Parthenon
c. 447-432 BCE
Akropolis, Athens
Pentelic Marble
-Kallikrates and Iktinos designed this onto the existing foundation
-original was attacked by the Persians
-finest white marble was used
-used extraordinary math and mechanical skills
-proportion - 4:9
-represents the triumph of the democratic Greek city-
East Pediment of "Birth of Athena"
c. 447-432 BCE
Athens
Marble
-shows birth of Athena on east side where the sun rises
-Zeus swallowed Athena's mother, got an awful headache, got hit in the head, and Athena jumped out of the wound fully armed
-Christians took the sculptures off
-Zeus and Athena in the center
-figures
Lapiths and the Centaurs
c. 447-438 BCE
Athens
Marble
-high relief
-deeply cut
-doric frieze
Horsemen
c. 447-432 BCE
Athens
Marble
-shallow base
-looks like its leaning out
-192 men pictured (192 men died at Marathon)
Praxiteles
Hermes and Infant Dionysos
c. 340BCE
Olympia
Marble
-Hermes (messenger) is holding Zeus' son Dionysos (not Zeus' wife's child)
-Dionysos = god of wine
-arm that is missing was holding grapes
-Hermes taunting Dionysos with grapes
-first time seeing human emotion/attitude
-might be from 200 BCE - can tell fr
Praxiteles
Aphrodite of Knidos
c. 350 BCE
Marble
goddess taken her robe off, preparing for a bath
-women not usually depicted as nude
-some areas were painted
-represented beauty
Lysippos
Man Scraping Himself (Apoxyomenos)
c. 350-325 BCE
Bronze
-skinny/long athlete
-scraping oil off himself with strigil
-not in cylinder form, must move around it to see all of it
-contrapposto
Piloxenos
Battle of Issos
c. 310 BCE
Italy
Wall painting
-major battle against the Persian emperor
-using light to make 3D forms
-shows chaos and warfare
-shows optical effect of man's reflection in shield
Epigonos ?
Dying Gaul
c. 220 BCE
Turkey
Bronze
-wearing typical necklace
-maybe a reference of how gauls behaved
-from victory monument of Attalus I
Hagesandros, Polydoros, and Athendoros of Rhodes
Laocoon and his Sons
1st Century BCE
Marble
-figures intertwined by a serpent
-shows restlessness and pain
Nike (Victory of Samothrace
c. 180 BCE
Samothrace
Marble
-celebrates victory
-swept by wind, on the front of a ship
-looks as if she has momentum
-probably holding a victory wreath
Old Woman
1st Century
Marble
-carrying veggies and foul
-once was wealthy, can tell by her clothing
-may have been a Maynad (worshipped Dionysos)
-shows stress of life and worshipping the god of wine
Aphrodite of Melos
c. 150-100 BCE
Marble
-s-curve of Praxitilies but more dramatic
-found in a gymnasium (school for boys)
-should be holding an apple