Chapter 23 and 24

Abstract Exprsiionism

A culmination of the expressive tendencies in painting from fauvism, German Expressionism, and the automatic methods of surrealism.

Jackson Pollock

The leading inventor of Abstract Expressionism studied in the 1930s with both Thomas Hart Benton and the Mexican Muralist David Siqueiros.

Jackson Pollock

Hans Namuth. 1950. Gelatin silver paint

Autum Rhythm

Jackson Pullock. 1950. Oil on Canvas

Action Painting

Dripping, pouring or flinging paint in rhythmical, dancing movements.

Color Field

term for painting that consists of large areas of color with no obvious structure, central focus, or dynamic balance.

Mark Roghko

now best known as apioneer of color field paintings, although his early works of the 1930s were urban scenes.

Blue, Orange, Red

Mark Roghko. 1961. Oil on canvas.

Helen Frankenthaler

she pioneered staining techniques as an extension of Jacson Pollock's poured paint and mark Rothko's fields of color.

Mountains and sea

Helen Frankenthaler. 1952. Oil and charcoal on canvas.

Robert Motherwells

Series of paintings titled elegy oth the spanish republic is permeated with a tragic sense of history.

Elegy to the spanish republic No. 34

Robert Motherwell. 1953-1954. Oil on Canvas.

Willem De Kooning

...

Woman and Bicycle

Willem de Kooning (1940-1997). 1952-1953. oil on canvas.

Norman Lewis

African American artist who participated in Abstract Expressionism from its inception.

Untitled

Norman Lewis. 1947. Oil on canvas

David Smith

for many critics the most important American sculptor of the postwar period, took the formal ideas of cubism and gave them an American Vigor.

Cubi XVII

David Smith. 1963. Polished stainless steel

Velasca Tower

BBDR. 1954-1956. Milan Italy.

Lever House

Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill. 1952. New York City. example of International style 20th century architectural movement that promoted clean masses with efficient, practical design and exposed strcutural supports.

Planalto Palace

Oscar Niemeyer. 1960. Presidential Residence. Brasilia, Brazil.

Assemblages

loose conglomerations of seemingly random objects.

Robert Rauschenberg

started combining ordinary objects and collage materials with Abstract expressionistic brushwork in what he called "combine-paintings

Monogram

Robert Rauschenberg. 1955-1959. Frestanding combine. in this work robert added everyday objects to collage and expressionist painting; this style of work is known as combine-painting

Tracer

Robert Rauschenberg (American B 1925). 1963. Oil and silkscreen on canvas.

Jasper Johns

deceptively simple works.

Target with four faces

Jasper Johns. 1955. Assemblage: encaustic on newspaper and collage on canvas with objects, surmounted by four tinted plaster faces in wood box with hinged front.

John Doe

Edward Kienholz. 1959. Free-standing assemblage. Oil and paint on mannequin parts; perambulator, toy, wood, metal, plaster, plastic, rubber.

Niki De saint phalle

made paintings and collages and then symbolically killed them by piercing them with nails, darts, or even gunshots.

St. Sebastian, or the portrait of my love

Niki de Saint Phalle. 1960. Oil, fabri, darts, and nails on wood and dartboard. this is an example of the continuing in fluence of dada an early 20th century art movement

Jean Tinguely

Made machines that do just about everything except work in the manner we expect.

Homage to New York: A Self-constructing, Self-Destructing work of art

Jean Tinguely. 1960

Happenings

Cooperative events that are partially planned, paritally spontaneous in which viewers become active participants.

Allan Kaprow

Was first to use the term Happening

Household

Allan Kaprow. 1964. Happening commissioned by Cornell University, Performed May

Pop Art

...

Richard Hamilton

British artist who in 1957 identified serveral characteristics of Pop Art including Mass-produced, gimmicky, young, witty, sexy, glamorous

Just what is it that makes todays homes so different, so appealing?

Richard Hamilton. 1956. Collage.

James Rosenquist

worked as a billboard painter after attending art school.

F-111

James Rosenquist. 1965. Oil on canvas with aluminum, four parts.

Andy Warhol

no American artist in the 1960s sparked more public indignation then this artist. He didn not invent pop art but was its most visible and controverial exponent.

Marilyn Diptych

Andy warhol. 1962. Synthetic polymer paint and silkscreen ink on canvas.

Little Race Riot

Andy Warhol. 1964. Synthetic polymer paint and silkscreen on canvas.

Roy Lichetnstein

used comic book images with their bright primary colors, impersonal surfaces, and characteristic printing dots.

Drowning GIrl

Roy Lichetenstein. 1963. Oil and synthetic polymer paint on canvas.

Claes Oldenburg

for several decades he has been finding inspiration in the common, mass-produced artifacts of American society

Two Cheeseburgers with everything (Dual Hamburgers)

Claes Oldenburg. 1962. Burlap soaked i plaster painted with enamel.

Minimalists

as minimalism developed, paintings came to be seen as objects themselves, rather than representations of other things.

Donald Judd

a leader of the Minimalists movement. Worked with industial materials sucs as sheet metal, aluminum, and milded plastics. NEVER TITLED HIS WORK

Untitled

Donald Judd. 1967. Stainless steel and plexiglass, ten units.

Blue, Green, Yellow, ORange, red

Ellsworth Kelly. 1966. Oil on canvas, 5 panels.

Frank Stella

his paintings of the 1960s emphasize the flatness of the picture plane and its boundaries.

Agbatana III

Frank stella. 1968. Flourecent acrylic on canvas.

Conceptual art

an out growth of minimalism.

Marcel Duchamp

Conceptual movement heavily indebted to this man the first champion of an art of ideas.

Joseph Kosuth

The most rigorous early conceptualis, was perplexed by the materialism of the art market and pop art's embarce of commercialism.

One and three chiars

Joseph Kosuth. 1965. Wooden folding chair, phtographic copy of a chair, and photographic enlargemtn of dictionary definition of a chair.

Running fence.

Christo and Jeanne-claude. 1972-1976. Sonoma and marin counties, CA. Nylon fabric and steel poles.

The lightning field

Walter De Mariea. 1977. Quemado, New Mexico. 400 stainless-steel poles,

Site Work

Man-made elements interact with the natural enviroment; for example the lightning field by walter de Maria.

Earthworks

sculptural forms made of materials such as earth, rocks, and sometimes plants.

Robert Smithson

one of the founders of earthworks movement

Sprial Jetty

Robert Smithson. 1970. Great salt lake, Utah. Earthwork.

Amba

James Turrell. 1982. Light installation. medium used is Light.

Drawn Stone

Andy Goldsworthy. 2005. Appletone Greenmoor sandstone. Site-specific stone installation at the de young museum, San Francisco.

Early Feminists

...

The Dinner Party

Judy Chicago. 1979. Mixed Media. Triangular table on white tile. This work illustrates feminist ideas which were especially important during the 1970s.

Rebirth of Venus

Nancy Spero. 1984. Hand printing on paper.

Le baiser de L'artiste

Orlan. 1976-1977. Mixed Media with paint, metal chain, phtographs, wood, bliking diode. artificial candles, artificial flowers, and CD.

Performance art

artists do not create anything durable but rather act before and audience or in nature; for example, Tree of life series by ana mendieta

I like American and America likes me

Joseph Beuys. 1974. Perfomance at Rene Block Gallery.

Tree of Life Series

Ana Mendieta. 1977. Performance at old mans creek, iowa city, IA.

The temple of confessions

Guillermo Gomez-Pena and roberto Sifuentes. 1994

Chapter 24

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Sunrise over the eastern sea

Fujishima Takeji. 1932. Oil on canvas. and example of how late 20th-century japanese artists were influenced by post impressionism, a style which had originally been inspired by Japanese art in the 19th century

Take him in

Li Hua. 1946. Woodcut.

Waterfall on a lofty cliff

Zhang Daqian. was inspired by ancient chinese master painters and the western art movement called color field painting

The Swing

Amrita SHer-Gil demonstrates a synthesis of ancient indian art like the caves at Ajanta, and the color schemes and flat patterns of western, modern painter Paul Gauguin

Man

M.F. Husain. 1951 oil on canvas.

Egypt awakening

Mahmoud Mukhtar. 1919-1928. Shcist. show the influecne of ancient egyptian art ant the simplified structure of Constantin Brancusi.

Funeral and a crecent

Ibrahim Mohammed El-Salahi. 1963. Oil on hardboard.

Street Scene

Gerard sekoto. 1945. Oil on canvas this work was purchased in sercret by the South African National Gallery because aparheid policy racial segregation forbade purchasing works from black artists.

Ana Mmuo (land of the dead)

Uche Okeke. 1961. Oil on board.

Chinese League of left wing artists

This government sponsored group supported communist ideals by creating low-cost, widely dissemnated works depicting political and economic problems in the 1930s.

Gutai

This group fucntioned from 1954-1975 and proclaimed the end of traditional art making.

Zaria art Society

In the 1950s a group of Nigerian students formed this group with the goal of expressing more of their African identity in their work.

The holy virgin Mary

Chris Ofili. 1996. Acrylic, oil, resin, paper collage, glitter, map pins and elephant dung on linen. This work was a the center of a heated censorship battle between the brooklyn museum and former new york city mayor rudolph Giuliani