DNA is typically found...
in cells in the form of a very long strand that is coiled many times and contains thousands or millions of nitrogen bases. Which term best describes this very long molecule of DNA?
Heterozygous
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
homozygous recessive
Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa)
homozygous dominant
Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA)
Consider the possible genotypes of the offspring of two heterozygous brown goats. The ratio of brown to white offspring in this case would be...
3:1
The Punnett square below shows a cross between two sweet pea plants in Mendel's greenhouse. Both parents have blue flowers (Bb). Which statement describes the offspring expected from this cross?
75% blue-flowered and 25% white-flowered
Huntington's disease causes a slow degeneration of the nervous system, beginning at about age fifty. Patients with Huntington's disease lose control of their limbs and become forgetful. As the disease grows more severe, it paralyzes and kills them. The di
There is a 50% chance that his daughter, Grace, will also have Huntington's.
Where is DNA located?
nucleus
RNA is different from DNA because
it consists of a single strand
DNA shape:
Double Helix, spiral staircase, twisted ladder
A female cat has two recessive genes for long fur (ss) and a male cat has two dominant genes for short fur (SS). The likelihood the two cats produce a kitten with short fur is...
100%
Where are the instructions for cell division found?
in chromosomes in nucleus
mitosis creates...
exact duplicate daughter cells
chromosomes contain...
DNA
Chromosomes determine
the traits of an organism, provide the instructions to make proteins, and determine the gender on an individual
Genotype
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.(Bb)
What is a Punnett square used for?
The Punnett square is used to predict what the genotypes/phenotypes will be of the offspring
when given the genotypes of the parents.
trait
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes; unique to all organisms
how many chromosomes are supplied by each parent?
23(half) each
Amy's white cat had kittens. Half the kittens were orange and half were white.
The father of the kittens was most likely orange.
can you control what traits you get?
no
Brown rabbits have the genotype BB or Bb. White rabbits have the genotype bb. If two brown rabbits, with the genotypes seen in the Punnett square below, have baby rabbits,
the probability that the baby rabbits will also be brown is 75%
A black dog has the genotype of BB for fur color. The black dog mates and has puppies with a solid white dog. The white dog has the genotype bb.
The probability that this match will produce puppies that are also white is 0%.
You have two black dogs who have a litter of puppies. You are surprised to find that there are 8 black puppies and 3 tan puppies. This could happen because black fur is dominant to tan fur, both parents must be heterozygous for fur color,
Crossing two hybrid parents produces a 3:1 ratio of phenotypes
If an iguana heterozygous for no webbing (Ww) is crossed with an iguana with webbed feet (ww),
they have a 50% chance of having an offspring with the recessive trait, webbed feet.
The relationship between DNA, chromosomes, and any organism can be explained by:
Base pairing allows DNA to act as a template, genes being codes for specific proteins, proteins are made of amino acids, DNA is packaged into chromosomes, and chromosomes occur in pairs within the body's cells.