genetics
the study of heredity
heredity
the passing of traits from parents to their offspring
gene
a section of DNA that codes for a protein
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid; molecule that stores genetic information
chromosome
a strand of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
proteins
large, complex molecules made up of amino acids and found as essential components of all living cells
genome
entire genetic code of an organism
zygote
a fertilized egg
gamete
sex cell; ex. egg or sperm
fertilization
process of making a fertilized egg
mitosis
asexual cell division
meiosis
cell division that makes gametes
somatic cell
body cell (non-sex cell)
diploid
having 2 sets of chromosomes (2n)
haploid
having one set of chromosomes (n)
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acid made of a sugar, phosphate, and base unit
nucleic acid
genetic macromolecules: DNA & RNA