Chromosome
Are like cookbooks that carry our genetic code.
Gene
Nuclei acid sequence that condones product with distant function.
Gamete Cells
Two complete sets of genes.
Somatic Cells
Cell of a living organism that other than reproductive cells.
Homologous Pair
When they pair together; combine.
Mitosis
Cell division.
Meiosis
Recombines genes through asexual reproduction.
Diploid
Cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes.
Haploid
Gametes of sexually reproducing organisms.
Tetrad
Homologous chromosomes paid up.
Crossing Over
Random swapping of alleles which result in new combinations of genes.
Genome
Full set of genetic information that an organism carries its DNA.
Sex Chromosomes
Moms only have X's to pass on, so dad determines the gender of the baby.
Autosomes
Other 22 pairs of chromosomes found at the nuclei of all our somatic cells.
Karyotype
A tool genetics use to look for chromosomes anomaalies
Nondisjunction
Too many or too few chromosomes end up in the sperm or eggs.
Heredity
Passing of characteristics/traits; generation to the next.
Genetics
how things are passed from one generation to the other.
Gregory Mendel
Father of genetics
Trait
Specific characteristics.
Allele
Different traits produced by the same gene.
Dominant Allele
Shows up as a trait even if paired up with a recessive allele.
Recessive Allele
Is masked is paired with a dominant allele.
Hybrid
Organisms with two different alleles for a single traits.
Law of Segregation
Random separations of alleles into different gametes.
Probability
Likelihood that something will occur.
Homozygous
Organisms that have identical alleles for a particular gene.
Hetrozygous
Organisms that have two different alleles for same gene.
Genotype
Genetic/Allele makeup.
Phenotype
Observable physical characteristics.
Independent Assortment
Alleles separate during gamete formation.