In humans, how many chromosomes are in somatic cells?
46
23 pairs
What are homologous chromosomes?
same in length, centromere position, and staining pattern
Locus
position of a gene on a chromosome
sex chromosomes
X and Y chromosomes.
autosomes
Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Diploid
2 sets of chromosomes
Gametes
eggs and sperm
Gametes are also known as
haploid cells, contains a single set of chromosomes
Meiosis
a type of cell division that produces haploid gametes in diploid organisms
What phase duplicates chromosomes?
interphase
What is the difference between Meiosis and Mitosis?
-meiosis is followed by two consecutive cell divisions
-mitosis is followed by only one cell division
In meiosis, the four daughter cells produces what?
a haploid set of chromosomes
Interphase
centromeres duplicate
Meiosis I: Prophase I
The nuclear membrane dissolves.
Chromatin tightly coils up.
Homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids, come together in pairs in a process called synapsis.
During synapsis, chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange segments in a p