Mitosis
A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
prophase
Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane dissolves, spindle fibers forms
metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase
Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
telophase
Phase of mitosis in which a nuclear membrane reforms around each new set of chromosomes.
cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
interphase
A period of time in between mitosis during which a cell grows and copies its DNA,
Cell spend most of its time in this phase.
centromere
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
centriole
Cell organelle that aids in cell division by anchoring the spindle fibers. Spindle fibers also grow from this
spindle fibers
help pull apart the cell during replication and are made up of micrtubules
chromatin
DNA and protein mix that is present in the cell during interphase. Eventually bundles into chromosomes
chromosome
A threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.
chromatid
one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
G1 Phase
Stage in interphase were the cell grows and develops
S phase
Phase in interphase where the DNA doubles to prepare for cell division
G2 Phase
Phase of interphase where the cell grows and develops after DNA has doubled
The phase that is the longest in the cell cycle
Interphase (in reference to time)
Fastest part of the cell cycle
Mitosis (in reference to time)
Diploid
Having the full number of chromosomes in the cell
Haploid
Having half the number of chromosomes in the cell
karyotype
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species
Number of chromosomes in a normal skin cell of a human
46