Hair bulb
when looking through a microscope, which portion of the hair would display livinf cells ?
Trichology
the study of hair
cuticle
the outer covering of the hair shaft, made up of overlapping layers of transparent scales
cortex
second layer, consisting of unique protein structures( gives hair most of its pigment and strength
medulla
the central core of the hair shaft, also called the pith or marrow(often absent in fine or very fine hair)
acid mentle
sebum mixes with the body's perspiration
Keratinization
whereby cells change their shape, dry out and form keratin protein
catagen
a brief transitional stage, when all cell division stops
telogen
resting stage, when the hair bulb has no attached root sheath
10%-15%
hair is in its resting stage, which generally lasts 3-4 months
Eumelanin
brown to black hair
Pheomelanin
red/yellow hair
Albanism
total lack of pigmentation in the hair and skin
melanin
gives skin and hair their color, in hair melanin is mainly in the cortex, the hair strands second layer
density
hair is judged by the number of active hair follicles per square inch on the scalp
hair porosity
ability of the hair to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals
Hair elasticity
the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original shape without breaking
normal dry hair
capable of being stretched about 1/5 (20%) of its length
wet hair
able to stretch 40% to 50% of its length
cuticle layers
protect the inside of the strand, which is also called the cortex
broken hair
cuticle becomes cracked and frayed
split ends
aka fragility's crinium, tricholtilosis - starts as small cracks in the cuticle that deepen into the cortex
nodules
characterized by the presence of lumps or swelling along the hair shaft
canaries
grayness or whiteness of the scalp hair
matting
aka plica polonica - characterized by a mass of hair strands tangled together in a matt that can't be separated
hypertrichosis
abnormal coverage of hair on areas of the body where normally only lanugo or baby-fine hairs appear
dry dandruff
aka pityriasis capitis simplex - dry flakes attached to the scalp or on the hair which appear translucent frequent shampooing will help
greasy or waxy dandruff
aka pityrasis steadoides - oily flakes combined with sebum which stick to the scalp in clusters and can appear yellowish in color frequent shampooing will help
ringworm
aka tinea - red, circular patch of small blisters, caused by a vegetable parasite should refer client to physician
head lice
aka pediculosis capitis - infestation of head lice on the scalp causing itching and eventual infection should be referred to a physician