What is the difference between indeterminate and determinate growth? What structure of the plant makes the plant capable of indeterminate growth?
Indeterminate growth: a type of growth characteristic of most plant organs, in which growth continues as long as the plant lives. Plants are capable of indeterminate growth because they have perpetually embryonic tissues called meristems.
Determinate grow
Three Types of Flowing Plant Life Cycles
1.) Annuals
2.) Biennials
3.) Perennials
Annuals
a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seed, within a year and then dies.
Biennials
a flowering that takes two years to complete its biological life cycle in the first year the plant grows leaves, stems, and roots (vegetative stracures), then it enters a period of dormancy over the colder months.
Pernnials
a plant that lives for more than two years; most perennials live for more years and when they die it is usually not from old age but from infection or environmental trauma
What is the difference between primary and secondary growth? What type of meristem is involved in each type of growth? In what type of plant would we see secondary growth?
Primary growth allows roots to extend downward throughout the soil and shoots to extend upward to increase the plants exposure to light. Apical meristems, that are located at the tips of the roots and shoots, are responsible for primary growth.
Secondary
Where does the vascular cambium add layers of vascular tissue and what is the name of the tissue that the vascular cambium adds?
The vascular cambium adds layers of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem.
How does the cork cambium function?
The cork cambium replaces the epidermis with thicker layers of tougher periderm.
What are initials? What are derivatives?
Initials are cells that remain as sources of new cells within the meristems.
Derivatives are cells that continue to divide until they produce become specialized within developing tissues.
During growing season, primary growth extend the shoots, and secondary growth thickens the parts that formed in previous years.
During growing season, primary growth extend the shoots, and secondary growth thickens the parts that formed in previous years.
What is the result of primary growth?
Primary growth collectively results in the structure of plant known as the primary plant body. In herbaceous plants this is usually the plant body. In woody plants, this consists of the youngest parts of the plant that are not yet woody.
Where is the root cap located and what is the function of the root cap?
The root cap is located at the tip of the root, it is a thimble-like protective cover that functions to protect the delicate apical meristem as the root pushes through the soil during primary growth.
What are the three zones of growth in the primary growth of the root tip?
1.) Zone of cell division
2.) Zone of elongation
3.) Zone of differentiation
From where do leaves develop?
Leaves develop from leaf primordia (finger-like projections along the sides of the apical meristem).
From where do axillary buds develop?
Axillary buds develop from islands of meristematic cells left by the apical meristem at the basis of the leaf primordia.
How are the tissues of the stem organized?
The epidermis covers the stems and vascular tissue runes the length of the stem in vascular bundles.
The eudicots, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring; the xylem is adjacent to the pith and the phloem is adjacent to the cortex.
In monocots the vas
What are guard cells?
Guard cells are cells that flank the opening of the stomata in plant leaves. They regulate the opening and closing of the pore.