Math Vocab

adjacent

angles that share a side and a vertex

bisect

to divide into two congruent parts

circumference

the distance around the circle (equal to pi times diameter)

coincide

to occupy the same position

congruent

having exactly the same size and shape

coordinate

the number associated with a point on a number line

diagonal

a segment that joins two nonconsecutive vertices of a polygon

diameter

a line segment that passes through the center of a circle & has endpoints on the circumference of the circle

equivalent

two things that are equal

hexagon

a polygon with 6 sides

hypotenuse

in a right triangle, the side opposite the right angle

intersecting lines

lines that meet and cross over at one point

line of symmetry

a line that divides a figure into two halves that are mirror images of each other

octagon

a polygon with 8 sides

origin

on a number line, zero; in a coordinate plane, the point (0,0)

parallel

two lines that are everywhere the same distance apart and never intersect

parallelogram

a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel

pentagon

a polygon with 5 sides

perimeter

the sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon

perpendicular

intersecting at right angles

pi

approximately 3.1416, ratio of the circumference to the diameter of the circle

quadrilateral

a polygon with 4 sides

radius

a line segment with one endpoint at the center of a circle and the other endpoint on the circumference

similar

having the same shape, but possibly a different size

translation

a transformation that slides a figure from one position to another (slide)

transversal

a line intersecting two or more lines

trapezoid

a quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides

volume

the amount of space an object takes up, usually expressed in cubic units