World History Chapter 13

What new materials and resources were used during the second Industrial Revolution?

steel replaced iron and electricity was the new form of energy

Why did Europe dominate the world economy by the beginning of the twentieth century?

They received beef and wool from argentina And australia, coffe from Brazil. Iron ore from algeria and sugar from java. They also invested in railroads, mines, electrical power plants and banks.

Summarize Marx's theory as expressed in the Communist Manifesto.

All world history was a history of class struggles. oppressor and oppressed have stood in constant opposition to one another throughout history

Why did cities grow so quickly in the nineteenth century?

Living conditions improved.

What were the major groups in the social structure of the late nineteenth century?

The new elite, the middle class and the working class.

What was the basic goal of the suffragettes?

the right of women to full citizenship in the nation-state

Why did states make a commitment to provide public education?

Industrialization made young kids who had jobs in factories not get an education. The main reason why is political, giving more people the right to vote created a need for better educated voters.

What was the status of democracy in Great Britain, France, and Italy after the Second Industrial Revolution?

Great Britain had a working two-party parliamentary system. In france, the collapse of napoleon's second empire left the country in confusion. The powers of the president were not well defined in the constitution. Italy had emerged as a united national st

What type of government did Germany have after the second Industrial Revolution?

Two house legislature

What type of government did Austria-Hungary have after the second Industrial Revolution?

A parliamentary system with ministerial responsibility. But the emperor ignored the system.

What type of government did Russia have after the second Industrial Revolution?

? A legislative assembly called the Duma.

What territories did the United States acquire after the American Civil War?

Puerto rico, Guam and the Philippines

What countries formed the Triple Alliance?

Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

What countries formed the Triple Entente?

Great Britain, France and Russia

Why were the Serbs outraged when Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina?

It dashed the Serbians' hopes of creating a large Serbian kingdom that would include most of the southern Slavs.

bourgeoisie

Middle class

proletariat:

Working class

dictatorship:

government which a person has absolute power

revisionist:

rejected the revolutionary approach and argued that workers must continue to organize is mass political parties and even work for other parties to gain reform

Thomas Edison

Invented the light bulb

Alexander Graham BEll

invented the telephone

Guglielmo Marconi:

sent the first radio waves across the atlantic

Karl Marx

wrote, The communist Manifesto

feminism

movement for women's rights

literacy

ability to read

ministerial responsibility:

the idea that the prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected legislative body and not to executive officer-crucial to democracy

duma

legislative assembly

psychoanalysis

a therapist can probe deeply into the patients memory

pogrom

Organized massacres

modernism

a style or movement in the arts that aims to break with classical and traditional forms.

Marie curie

: discovered radium that gave off radiation

Albert Einstein

Provided a new view on the universe. Space and time are not absolute but are relative to the observer.

social Darwinism:

darwin's theories were applied to society by nationalist and racists.