What new materials and resources were used during the second Industrial Revolution?
steel replaced iron and electricity was the new form of energy
Why did Europe dominate the world economy by the beginning of the twentieth century?
They received beef and wool from argentina And australia, coffe from Brazil. Iron ore from algeria and sugar from java. They also invested in railroads, mines, electrical power plants and banks.
Summarize Marx's theory as expressed in the Communist Manifesto.
All world history was a history of class struggles. oppressor and oppressed have stood in constant opposition to one another throughout history
Why did cities grow so quickly in the nineteenth century?
Living conditions improved.
What were the major groups in the social structure of the late nineteenth century?
The new elite, the middle class and the working class.
What was the basic goal of the suffragettes?
the right of women to full citizenship in the nation-state
Why did states make a commitment to provide public education?
Industrialization made young kids who had jobs in factories not get an education. The main reason why is political, giving more people the right to vote created a need for better educated voters.
What was the status of democracy in Great Britain, France, and Italy after the Second Industrial Revolution?
Great Britain had a working two-party parliamentary system. In france, the collapse of napoleon's second empire left the country in confusion. The powers of the president were not well defined in the constitution. Italy had emerged as a united national st
What type of government did Germany have after the second Industrial Revolution?
Two house legislature
What type of government did Austria-Hungary have after the second Industrial Revolution?
A parliamentary system with ministerial responsibility. But the emperor ignored the system.
What type of government did Russia have after the second Industrial Revolution?
? A legislative assembly called the Duma.
What territories did the United States acquire after the American Civil War?
Puerto rico, Guam and the Philippines
What countries formed the Triple Alliance?
Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
What countries formed the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, France and Russia
Why were the Serbs outraged when Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina?
It dashed the Serbians' hopes of creating a large Serbian kingdom that would include most of the southern Slavs.
bourgeoisie
Middle class
proletariat:
Working class
dictatorship:
government which a person has absolute power
revisionist:
rejected the revolutionary approach and argued that workers must continue to organize is mass political parties and even work for other parties to gain reform
Thomas Edison
Invented the light bulb
Alexander Graham BEll
invented the telephone
Guglielmo Marconi:
sent the first radio waves across the atlantic
Karl Marx
wrote, The communist Manifesto
feminism
movement for women's rights
literacy
ability to read
ministerial responsibility:
the idea that the prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected legislative body and not to executive officer-crucial to democracy
duma
legislative assembly
psychoanalysis
a therapist can probe deeply into the patients memory
pogrom
Organized massacres
modernism
a style or movement in the arts that aims to break with classical and traditional forms.
Marie curie
: discovered radium that gave off radiation
Albert Einstein
Provided a new view on the universe. Space and time are not absolute but are relative to the observer.
social Darwinism:
darwin's theories were applied to society by nationalist and racists.