Chapter 31 Modern Art in Europe and the Americas, 1900-1950

Fauve Movement

Intensity and Expressive power through color and strong brushwork
Avant-garde movement
French

Mountains at Collioure

Andre Derain
1905
Collioure, a Mediterranean Port
Explosive color generates energy
Fauve Movement

The Woman with the Hat

Henri Matisse
1905
Non-naturalistic color
Fauve Movement

Le Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life)

Henri Matisse
1905-1906
Landscape depicting golden age
Fauve Movement

Family of Saltimbanques

Pablo Picasso
1905
The Rose Period
Withdrawn and empty feeling

Primitivism

Modern Artists looked to nonwestern cultures for inspiration. Picasso started first at African art.

Les Demoiselles D'Avignon (The Young Ladies of Avignon)

Pablo Picasso
1907
Influenced by African Art (PRIMITIVISM)
Prostitues in sharp angular shapes
Contradiction of erotic imagery

Cubism

art style
altered forms and compressed space

Violin and Palette

Georges Braque
1909-1910
Violin, Artist Palette, and Sheet Music
CUBISM

Synthetic Cubism

complex compositions by combining and transforming elements

Glass and Bottle of Suze

Pablo Picasso
1912
Pasted Paper, Gouache, and Charcoal
SYNTHETIC CUBISM

Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler

Pablo Picasso
1910
Portrait of important art dealer in Paris
CUBISM

Mandolin and Clarinet

Pablo Picasso
1913
Wood Scraps
Synthetic Cubist sculpture
Assemblage

Assemblage

constructing their works out of found objects and unconventional materials

The Bridge Movement

Bridge from traditional to modern painting
expressionistic group
German Artists

Three Nudes- Dune Picture from Nidden

Karl Schmidt-Rottluft
1913
Violent Emotions
Primitivism
The Bridge Movement

Masks

Emil Nolde
1911
Bridge Movement

Street, Berlin

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
1913
Expressionistic
urban degeneracy and alienation

The Outbreak

Kathe Kollwitz
1903
Social Change in working class
Independent Expressionist

Self-Portrait with an Amber Necklace

Paula Modersohn-Becker
1906
Independent Expressionist
Woman of sharp intelligence

The Blue Rider

Art group that moved realism to radical abstraction

The Large Blue Horses

Franz Marc (co-founder of blue rider)
1911
Blue color of horses draws them together
sweeping movement

Improvisation 28

Vassily Kandinsky
1912
The Blue Rider
first abstract painting
music compositions

Homage to Bleriot

Robert Delaunay (french)
1914
Fauvist color and cubism celebrating technology
Airplane flying over Eiffel Tower

Three Women

Fernand Leger
1921
colored version of cubism on machine forms
Purism
orderly industrial society

Futurism

technology and speed combined with cubism
started in Italy

Armored Train in Action

Gino Severini
1915
Futurism
concept of war as a social cleansing agent
armored car going on a train over bridge

Unique Forms of Continuity in Space

Umberto Boccioni
Bronze
1913
Futurism

The Newborn

Constantin Brancusi
Abstract Sculpture
Marble
1915
Head of human infant - humanity at the moment of birth

Dada

Nonsense word meaning "hobby horse" directed towards a movement from 1916-1925. They questioned art itself. Came after World War One and the large slaughter of people.
Known in Zurich, New York, Paris, and Berlin. Also became a magazine in Berlin.

Hugo Ball reciting the sound poem "Karawane

Wearing weird costume
1916
mocked traditional poetry

Fountain

Marcel Duchamp
1917
readymade
what is the essence of art? how much can be stripped away?

readymade

dada style when artists transform already ordinary, manufactured objects into art

L.H.O.O.Q

Marcel Duchamp
1919
modified readymade
degrading Mona Lisa
discust

photomontage

photographic collage

Merzbild 5B

Kurt Schwitters
1919
photomontage
postwar disorder of defeated Germany

An Orchid

Georgia O'Keeffe
1941
feminine and vaginal
sensuality

City Night

Georgia O'Keeffe
1926
exaggerated perspective
sense of menace

Composition with Yellow, Red, and Blue

Piet Mondrian
Netherlands
beauty and balance

Surrealism

France, early 1930s
Irrational, disorderly, aberrant, and violent social interventions. Psychology, criminal madness, and the female mind were all studied.

Automatism

surrealist technique that was to release the mind from conscious control and to produce imagery and forms.

Frottage

Automatism, rubbing a pencil or crayon over a piece of paper on a textured surface

Grattage

frottage but with paint

The Horde

Max Ernst
1927
Surrealism
Nightmarish scene shows horrors of WWI
grattage or frottage?

Salvador Dali

1904-1989
Surrealist
paranoid critical method
painted what he imagined
sexuality, violence, purification

Birth of Liquid Desires

Salvador Dali
1931-1932
Nightmares into one
Surrealism - paranoid critical method

Object (Luncheon In Fur)

Meret Oppenheim
Swiss Woman
1936
Surrealist
takes silverware and puts fur on them turning them into a new irrational surreality

Lobster Trap and Fish Tail

Alexander Calder
1939
Biomorphic Abstraction
Surrealism
possibility of lobster or the fish getting caught in the trap

Unit One

British artist movement in the 1930s that was of hand crafted, surrealist-influenced biomorphic forms in sculpture

Forms in Echelon

Barbra Hepworth
1938
two biomorphic wooden shapes
Unit One
let viewers imagine what they pleased

Recumbent Figure

Henry Moore
1938
Hornton Stone
human parts and hilly landscape
Unit One

Guernica

Pablo Picasso
1937
made because of bombing in guernica, spain by the germans and italians
massacre of people and animals

Aspects of Negro Life: From Slavery to Reconstruction

Aaron Douglass
1934
Harlem Renaissance

Harlem Renaissance

rich artistic period in the 1920s-1930s named after a African American neighborhood in New York City where there is a cultural resurgence by African Americans.

The Migration Series, Panel No.1 : During World War I there was a Great Migration North by Southern African Americans

Jacob Lawrence
1940-1941
Harlem Renaissance

Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California

Dorothea Lange
1936
Depression Art
Poverty

American Gothic

Grant Wood
1930
regionalist painter
pioneer hardihood

The Two Fridas

Frida Kahlo
Mexico
1939
traditional Mexican folk painter
addresses issues of mixed heritage and gender identity

Abaporu (the one who eats)

Tarsila do Armal
1928
Brazil
painter is saying: Brazilians are thought of as cannibals abroad, then let us be cannibals

Head Surrounded by Sides of Beef

Francis Bacon
1940s
Shows terrors of WWII

Painting

Wols (Wolfgang Schulze)
ART INFORMEL
1944-1945
disease ridden and violent world starting from the cells (WWII)

Zambezia Zambezia

Wifredo Lam
Latin America
1950
drama of the country

Abstract Expressionism

Wide range of artists in New York in 1940s-1950s. Show social alienation after WWII and make art that was moral and universal

Formalist

concerning form over content

Garden in Sochi

Arshile Gorky
1943
life forces and ancient connection to the earth
Abstract Expressionist- Formative

Autumn Rhythm

Jackson Pollock
1950
Abstract Expressionism
Action Painting

Photograph of Jackson Pollock Painting

Hans Namuth
1950

The Seasons

Lee Krasner
Abstract Expressionism
Action Painter
bold sweeping springlike colors

Knight Watch

Jean-Paul Riopelle
Canada
Abstract Expressionism
1953
spread with palette knife

Mountains and Sea

Helen Frankenthaler
1952
Action Painting - pictures feeling
coast of Novia Scotia

Lavender and Mulberry

Mark Rothko
1959
Color Field Painting
evoke moods of transcendental meditation

Vir Heroicus Sublimis

Barnett Newman
1950-1951
Color Field Painting
absolute red with dangerous zips of other colors to imbalance it
a hero threatened by a fatal flaw