Non-western

The Indus Valley design of stamp seals shows a similarity to which of the following?

b. Mesopotamia

The Indus Valley civilization arose in ________.

b. Pakistan

At this point, what has not been discovered in the Indus Valley?

d. temple architecture

The Aryans, a mobile herding people, came to India from ________.

a. central asia

The earliest spoken language yet identified in South Asia is which of the following?

d. sanskrit

What do the Upanishads reveal as very early Indian religious thought?

c. a belief in endless rebirths

In Aryan society, which laid the foundation for the caste system of India today, which of the following groups headed the hierarchy?

c. priests

The Kushan of northern India grew wealthy from trade with China and the West. Which of the following provided that trade?

c. silk road

Where did the Buddha give his First Sermon?

d. Sarnath

Gandharan sculpture is modeled after ________ art in its treatement of the body and drapery.

d. Greco-Roman

Who was considered the greatest Maurya ruler?

a. Ashoka

These columns go deep into the ground, connecting the earth to the sky, forming the axis of the universe.

c. the columns of Ashoka

Which of the following was the unifying characteristic of the regional dynasties of South Asia in the third through first centuries BCE?

a. patronage of Buddhism

A scantily clad, sensuous woman is called a ________.

b. Yakshi

Which of the following refers to an amorous couple; a very popular sculptural motif that can be found on temple architecture?

d. Mithunas

Maya is the mother of ________.

b. Buddha

The sexually explicit images suggesting fertility decorate the Vishvanatha Temple in ________, India.

d. Khajuraho

Shiva as Mahadeva represents which of the following?

c. cycle of birth and death

Khmer kings built this complex that included two main types of temples.

d. Angkor Wat, Cambodia

The caves of Ajanta are famed for which of the following?

c. early Indian painting tradition

By the eighth century, Tang China had integrated concepts and forms from farther west and affected developments to the south and the east; China had become which of the following?

c. an international cultural center

Yan Liben's The Thirteen Emperors depicts thirteen Chinese rulers from the Han to the Sui dynasties; its purpose was to portray the Confucian ideal. Which of the following is that ideal?

c. moral and political virtue

Diverse subject matter, such as musicians on camel or Semitic traders, can be found in the ceramic figural tradition of which of the following?

a. Tang

Neo-Confucianism was a blend of traditional Chinese thought and selected Buddhist concepts. It flourished during which of the following periods?

d. Southern Song

Which of the following schools of thought, whose basic tenet is the cultivation of mind and spirit in order to break through the illusions of ordinary reality, gained gradual importance under the Song emperors?

d. Chan Buddhism

Scholars have interpreted parts of the stylized gold uprights from the Hwangnamdong crown as a metaphor representing:

c. life and supernatural power

Which of the following does Fan Kuan reflect in Travelers among Mountains and Streams by focusing on the mountains and minimizing the human element?

a. Daoist sensitivity of individuality

Which of the following promoted the careful study of nature and the classical art of earlier periods?

d. Emperor Huizong

It can be said that China's neighbors owe an immense debt to China; however which country provided the link between China and Japan?

a. Korea

During the Tang period which of the following was on equal footing with figural composition and landscape?

d. representing horses

Which of the following authorized the work on the Great Wall?

b. Qin Shi Huangdi

Which of the following is a metaphor for an auspicious sign of Heaven's blessing on an emperor's rule?

d. cranes

Which of the following documents the emergence of private non-aristocratic families as patrons of art with political overtones?

C. Hah Shrines

Which of the following brought Buddhism to China?

a. silk road

Celadon ceramics were developed during which of the following periods?

a. Koryo Dynasty

Which of the following are the earliest to develop a ceramic tradition in China?

d. yangshao

Worldly and self-assured describes which of the following courts and the art it commissioned?

c. Tang

Which of the following was recognized worldwide and highly sought art of the Korean Koryo of the twelfth century?

b. celadon ware

The Romans knew of this commodity and greatly admired and treasured it as a precious import. Which of the following is that treasure?

b. chinese silk

Ceramic models found in tombs provide a good idea of the architecture during this period. Which of the following is that period?

a. Han

Japan's earliest distinct culture is which of the following?

b. Jomon

The earliest ceramic sherds are datable to which of the following years?

b. before 10000 BCE

Japanese Jomon potters shared which of the following characteristics?

b. modeled ceramic ornament

A dotaku would be found in which of the following periods?

d. yayoi

The variety of figure types suggests that in addition to serving as military guards these figures also provided a spiritual barrier between the living and the dead. Which of the following does this describe?

d. haniwa

The Ise Shrine is dedicated to which of the following?

b. Amaterasu

The Ise Shrine is reconstructed every 20 years. The original source for the main sanctuary's form is based on which of the following?

d. early granaries

When did Buddhism arrive in Japan?

c. Asuka Period

According to tradition, a gilded bronze statue of Buddha was sent to Japan by which of the following?

a. Korean Paekche

The Early Japanese capital city, Heijo, is laid out on a symmetrical grid plan resembling which of the following?

c. Chang'an

Which of the following cultural components became established in Japan during the Asuka Period?

c. Confucianism

Tori Busshi, a descendant of a Chinese immigrant, was a master sculptor. Which of the following is his work?

a. Shaka triad

Indian sensuality can e seen in the Yakushiji triad. Which of the following figures shows that sensuality?

c. Bodhisattvas

The Tale of Genji was written by which of the following?

c. Lady Murasaki

The most important surviving monument to Pure Land beliefs in Japan is which of the following?

Phoenix Hall, Uji

The authority of the Fujiwara family was derived from which of the following?

b. marriage of daughters to the imperial line

Which of the following led to the end of the Japanese imperial court as a major political force?

d. a series of civil wars

Which of the following did the Kamakura Period pursue?

b. increased contact with China

The rebuilding of the Todaiji took place during the Kamakura period under the direction of which of the following?

c. Shunjobo Chogen

In the Heian period, phoenixes were associated with which of the following?

b. empress

Which of the following provided access to the New World between 30000 and 10000 BCE?

d. land bridge Beringia

What was the life style of these Stone Age peoples?

a. hunter gatherers

Approximately when did some of these peoples learn to fish, farm cotton, and domesticate plants?

b. 8000-2000 BCE

Which of the following is considered the mother culture of Mesoamerican Mexico?

d. Olmec

The early pyramid found at La Venta represented which of the following?

c. sacred mountain

The colossal heads found at San Lorenzo and Tres Zapotes are now thought to represent which of the following?

c. rulers

Which of the following was a cosmopolitan center with merchants from Veracruz and Zapotec peoples?

a. Teotihuac�n

Teotihuac�n was greatly revered and visited by which of the following groups?

b. Anasazi

Which of the following were found in the four corners in each of the tiers of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuac�n?

b. sacrificed children

The portrait of Ruler 13 can be found on Stele D from Cop�n. He holds across his chest a symbol representing the sky and his absolute power. Which of the following is that symbol?

d. double-headed serpent bar

Bonampak is famous for which of the following?

a. murals

Paracas textiles are considered masterpieces in Andean art. A recurring motif is flying or floating figures; current scholarship has interpreted these figures as which of the following?

b. religious practitioners

In the Adena culture, which of the following would be a treasured item, buried with the deceased?

c. pipe

The temple complex at Chav�n de Hu�ntar is famous for its stone carvings. Which of the following describes the Chav�n technique?

c. shallow linear incisions

Which of the following is one suggested interpretation for the Great Serpent Mound?

a. Halley's Comet

The Mimbres culture is renowned for which of the following art forms?

d. black-on-white painted bowls

Which of the following occurred in the 12th century that caused the Anasazi to abandon their open canyon floor dwelling sites?

d. drought

A gorget is which of the following?

c. neck pendant

The Mimbres culture occupied which of the following areas?

c. southwestern New Mexico

In the 12th century the Anasazi re-located to which of the following areas?

b. Mesa Verde, Colorado

Which of the following groups of peoples produced the earliest sculpture in the round?

Nok

The Altar of the Hand and Arm is from which of the following societies?

Benin

Nok sculpture is made from which of the following?

terracotta

The Benin king established diplomatic relations with which of the following?

Portuguese

The equestrian fly-whisk handle is an object of prestige from which of the following groups?

Igbo-Ukwu

Which of the following made export goods exclusively for the European market?

Sapi

Ile-Ife figures focused mainly on which of the following?

sacred kingship

The Benin kingdom was located in what modern country?

Nigeria

Which of the following is considered the cradle of Yoruba?

lle-lfe

Which of the following describes an export item the Portuguese would have commissioned?

saltcellar

When did Christianity arrive in the highlands of Ethiopia?

4th century

Which of the following is a walled town that hosted several ethnic groups and many specialist workshops?

djenne

Among the Igbo-Ukwu, facial striping represents which of the following?

marks of titled status

Scars intentionally created to form patterns on the flesh are called:

scarification

Name the complex that was a royal residence for the ruler, his wives, and nobles and included a court for ceremonial gatherings.

Great Zimbabwe

Which of the following describes the floodplain of the Niger River in the Western Sudan?

the fertile crescent

In Benin mythology which of the following gods is responsible for wealth and creativity?

Olokun

The kings of Benin trace their lineage to what culture?

Yoruba

In the Great Zimbabwe tradition a crocodile was thought to represent which of the following?

deceased ruler who is now messenger

In Benin iconography, which of the following is the seat of kingly will and power?

the kings head

Distinctive multilobed arches exemplify the stylistic crosscurrents that typify Indian architecture in the second millennium. Which of the following structures has this element?

Lotus Mahal

The Vijayanagar Empire was ended by which of the following?

confederacy of Deccan sultantes

Who of the following was fascinated by European art?

Akbar

How does Akbar and the Elephant Hawai from the Akbarnama become a metaphor for Akbar's rule?

taking charge of an unruly state

The Mughals of India presided over a court that can be described as which of the following?

cosmopolitan

Where is the Taj Mahal?

Agra

Monumental tombs were not part of either the Hindu or Buddhist traditions, but had a long history in Islamic architecture. Which of the following is a monumental tomb?

Taj Mahal

Northwestern India resolutely resisted which of the following?

Mughal expansion

Which of these settings is depicted in the lovers tryst, Krishna and Radha in a Pavilion?

night garden with lightning flashes

Gateway towers, a very popular structural motif, can be found in temple complexes. Which of the following describes this structural motif?

Gopuras

The Great Temple at Madurai is dedicated to which of the following?

Shiva and his consort

The Victoria Terminus is modeled after which of the following styles?

late medieval venice

Which of the following is an avatar of Vishnu?

krishna

Akbar received the Royal Polyglot Bible from which of the following?

portuguese jesuits

The Sukhothai Walking Buddha expresses which of the following ideas?

supernatural being

The Emerald Buddha is carved from ________.

green jade

Which of the following represents a symbol for religious and secular authority for Thai kings?

Emerald Buddha

When did the British first arrive in India?

16th century

Indian miniatures were designed for which of the following purposes?

to be held on the hands

Krishna is always portrayed as which of the following?

blue

An early European visitor to the court of Kublai Khan was ________.

Marco Polo

The Mongols, led by ________, invaded China in 1210 and destroyed the Jin dynasty's capital at Beijing.

Genghis Khan

During the Yuan Dynasty ________ was a popular subject for painting.

bamboo

Which of the following describes the literati?

scholar artists

During the Yuan period the Chinese mastered ________.

porcelain

The phoenix is an allegorical symbol for ________.

empress

The Chinese principle of active masculine energy is ________.

yang

Which dynasty drove the last Mongol emperor from Beijing?

ming

The Ming designed Beijing as which of the following?

three nested walled cities

Why is the imperial palace compound named the Forbidden City?

because access is very restricted

They are scenic arrangements of natural and artificial elements intended to produce irregularities.

ming pleasure gardens

For lacquer ware, imperial patronage went to which of the following?

orchard factory

Northern Chan Buddhists believed ________ could only achieve enlightenment.

long training

Which of the following was considered the most prestigious subject matter for painting in Ming China?

landscape

The Manchus of Manchuria invaded China in the 17th century and established which of the following?

Qing Dynasty

When did the Communists take control of China?

1949

The last Korean dynasty was ________.

Choson

Song Su-Nam, a modern Korean artist and one of the founders of the Oriental Ink Movement, owes much to which of the following American Abstract Expressionist painters?

Morris Louis

Which of the following events ended the last Korean dynasty?

Japanese annexation

The Qing Dynasty ended in ________.

1912

The shogunate of the Muromachi Period was which of the following?

a military government

Daimyo were ________ in the Japanese shogunate.

local lords

During which period did Zen or Chan Buddhism flourish?

Muromachi

Zen Buddhism emphasized ________.

personal responsibility

In Zen Buddhism enlightenment is achieved through ________.

meditation

Which of the following would Zen Buddhism appeal to most particularly?

samurai

Who was a practitioner of the splashed-ink (haboku) style?

sesshu toyo

This style featured precisely applied ink in bold patterns.

Kano School

How have scholars referred to the period of the late 15th century through the late 16th century in Japan?

Era of Warring States

The screen, Chinese Lions by Kano Eitoku, became an important symbol for ________.

Momoyama

The Pine Forest by Hasegawa Tohaku, which evokes a calm, meditative mood, is suggestive of the following discipline.

zen

How did one enter a teahouse?

by crawling on hands and knees

One of the most renowned tea masters of the Momoyama Period was ________.

sen no rikyu

Tatami accommodate which of the following Japanese customs?

not wearing shoes indoors

During the Edo Period Westerners were expelled. Which of the following were exempt?

dutch

This school did not have continuity of lineage and training. It is characterized by vivid color and extensive use of gold and silver as well as decorative patterning.

Rinpa School

The Rinpa School traced its roots to ________.

Tawaraya Sotatsu

A nishiki-e or brocade picture is sumptuous, brilliant, and printed on the best quality paper using costly inks. An artist who played a key role in developing this style is which of the following?

Suzuki Harunobu

Which of the following architects designed the stadiums for the 1964 Olympics held in Tokyo?

Tange Kenzo

Who promoted the ideal of beauty that was inspired by the tea ceremony and could be achieved in functional objects made of natural materials by anonymous craftspeople?

Yanagi Soetsu

Who brought a contingent of Spanish explorers to Mexico?

Hern�n Cort�s

How long did the conquest of the Aztec Empire take?

2 years

Which of the following were preeminent in the art of writing?

postclassic maya

The subject matter of the Borgia Codex is primarily which of the following?

rituals

Which of the following caused a century of anarchy in central Mexico around 1200?

destruction of Tula

The Temple of Huitzilopochtli at Tenochtitl�n commemorates the god's victory over whom?

his sister and 400 brothers

The bodies of conquered enemies were sacrificed in the Great Temple at Tenochtitl�n and then hurled down the stairs to land on the ________.

stone of coyolxauhqui

Coatlicue had great claws on both her hands and feet; these symbolize ________.

sacrificial death

What kind of necklace does Coatlicue wear?

human hands and hearts

In addition to a high cross, which of the following did Cort�s propose to place in the Temple of Huitzilopochtli?

statue of the virgin

The Inka had an efficient and swift communication system that depended on ________.

relay runners

The Inka wove bands of small squares of various repeated abstract designs into their garments; it is thought these represented ________.

political meaning

Those peoples conquered by the Inka had to wear ________.

only their local dress

Which of the following was discovered in 1911?

Machu Picchu

Which of the following was the dominant culture of the American Southwest preceding the Europeans?

ancestral plueboan

The Navajo sand or dry paintings are used in which of the following rituals?

curing disease

A transformation mask would be found in which of the following areas?

northwest coast

Haida house frontal poles display which of the following?

clan emblems

Which of the following describes the Plains peoples?

nomadic

Which of the following was a Plains art form that continued to flourish during the reservation years?

ledger painting

Who proposed the division of the Pacific into major regions?

Jules Dumont d'Urville

The Pacific Islands were discovered by the Europeans in which century?

16th Century

Which of the following dominates Melanesia?

New Guinea

Which of the following describes typical Melanesian societies?

fairly democratic

Which of the following describes the Iatmul men's house?

symbolizes protective ancestors

Which of the following are agriculturists living in the hilly regions north of the Sepik River?

Abelam

What does the yam mask of the Abelam represent?

power and prestige

Which of the following were former practitioners of head-hunting?

Asmat

Which of the following is symbolic of the headhunter and appears on bisj poles?

hornbill

The female praying-mantis is a reference to which of the following?

head-hunting

Micronesian cultures frequently are ruled by:

chieftains

Micronesian art relates to which of the following?

sea

Which of the following describes the function of the rooster on the men's house, or bai, from Belau, Carolines?

rising sun

Which of the following was the last area to be settled by humans?

Polynesia

Which of the following societies had the most highly stratified social structure in the Pacific?

Hawaii

What does the Maori meetinghouse represent?

primacy of ancestral connections

The moai of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) most likely depict which of the following?

ancestral chiefs

Which of the following describes Australian Aboriginal art?

small and portable

During the early 19th century ranking women of Tonga made which of the following?

barkcloth

Which of the following describes the acquisition of power by Marquesan chiefs?

warfare

Relic containers are made by which of the following groups of peoples?

Fang

The nkisi n'kondi are power figures found in which of the following societies?

Kongo

Who can use the nkisi n'kondi?

consecrated priests

The asye usu or bush spirits are part of the visual vocabulary of the ________.

Baule

Which of the following has a strong earlier artistic tradition?

Benin

In Benin iconography, wisdom, good judgment, and divine guidance for the kingdom are represented by ________.

the head of the king

A linguist's staff is carried by which of the following?

important counselor

A rich tradition of proverbs is associated with which of the following groups?

Akan

Identify the gifted early 20th century Yoruba sculptor.

Olowe of Ise

Which of the following describes the most recurrent Senufo mask theme?

small face with fine features

Poro society is associated with which of the following groups?

Senufo

In the ________ group, women control the use of the masks and dance with them.

Mende

The "Beautiful Lady" mask is associated with which of the following?

Senufo

In Mende society, what does the turtle signify?

underwater home

The mbari house of the Igbo is dedicated to ________.

powerful nature gods

In which society do the men spend a great deal of time creating elaborate hairstyles?

Samburu

Willie Bester's Homage to Steve Biko is a protest against:

apartheid

Which of the following artists creates figurative caskets?

Kane Kwei

The mask Satimbe represents all women in the ________ society.

Dogon

The Mende masks are worn by ________.

Women as teachers