The Indus Valley design of stamp seals shows a similarity to which of the following?
b. Mesopotamia
The Indus Valley civilization arose in ________.
b. Pakistan
At this point, what has not been discovered in the Indus Valley?
d. temple architecture
The Aryans, a mobile herding people, came to India from ________.
a. central asia
The earliest spoken language yet identified in South Asia is which of the following?
d. sanskrit
What do the Upanishads reveal as very early Indian religious thought?
c. a belief in endless rebirths
In Aryan society, which laid the foundation for the caste system of India today, which of the following groups headed the hierarchy?
c. priests
The Kushan of northern India grew wealthy from trade with China and the West. Which of the following provided that trade?
c. silk road
Where did the Buddha give his First Sermon?
d. Sarnath
Gandharan sculpture is modeled after ________ art in its treatement of the body and drapery.
d. Greco-Roman
Who was considered the greatest Maurya ruler?
a. Ashoka
These columns go deep into the ground, connecting the earth to the sky, forming the axis of the universe.
c. the columns of Ashoka
Which of the following was the unifying characteristic of the regional dynasties of South Asia in the third through first centuries BCE?
a. patronage of Buddhism
A scantily clad, sensuous woman is called a ________.
b. Yakshi
Which of the following refers to an amorous couple; a very popular sculptural motif that can be found on temple architecture?
d. Mithunas
Maya is the mother of ________.
b. Buddha
The sexually explicit images suggesting fertility decorate the Vishvanatha Temple in ________, India.
d. Khajuraho
Shiva as Mahadeva represents which of the following?
c. cycle of birth and death
Khmer kings built this complex that included two main types of temples.
d. Angkor Wat, Cambodia
The caves of Ajanta are famed for which of the following?
c. early Indian painting tradition
By the eighth century, Tang China had integrated concepts and forms from farther west and affected developments to the south and the east; China had become which of the following?
c. an international cultural center
Yan Liben's The Thirteen Emperors depicts thirteen Chinese rulers from the Han to the Sui dynasties; its purpose was to portray the Confucian ideal. Which of the following is that ideal?
c. moral and political virtue
Diverse subject matter, such as musicians on camel or Semitic traders, can be found in the ceramic figural tradition of which of the following?
a. Tang
Neo-Confucianism was a blend of traditional Chinese thought and selected Buddhist concepts. It flourished during which of the following periods?
d. Southern Song
Which of the following schools of thought, whose basic tenet is the cultivation of mind and spirit in order to break through the illusions of ordinary reality, gained gradual importance under the Song emperors?
d. Chan Buddhism
Scholars have interpreted parts of the stylized gold uprights from the Hwangnamdong crown as a metaphor representing:
c. life and supernatural power
Which of the following does Fan Kuan reflect in Travelers among Mountains and Streams by focusing on the mountains and minimizing the human element?
a. Daoist sensitivity of individuality
Which of the following promoted the careful study of nature and the classical art of earlier periods?
d. Emperor Huizong
It can be said that China's neighbors owe an immense debt to China; however which country provided the link between China and Japan?
a. Korea
During the Tang period which of the following was on equal footing with figural composition and landscape?
d. representing horses
Which of the following authorized the work on the Great Wall?
b. Qin Shi Huangdi
Which of the following is a metaphor for an auspicious sign of Heaven's blessing on an emperor's rule?
d. cranes
Which of the following documents the emergence of private non-aristocratic families as patrons of art with political overtones?
C. Hah Shrines
Which of the following brought Buddhism to China?
a. silk road
Celadon ceramics were developed during which of the following periods?
a. Koryo Dynasty
Which of the following are the earliest to develop a ceramic tradition in China?
d. yangshao
Worldly and self-assured describes which of the following courts and the art it commissioned?
c. Tang
Which of the following was recognized worldwide and highly sought art of the Korean Koryo of the twelfth century?
b. celadon ware
The Romans knew of this commodity and greatly admired and treasured it as a precious import. Which of the following is that treasure?
b. chinese silk
Ceramic models found in tombs provide a good idea of the architecture during this period. Which of the following is that period?
a. Han
Japan's earliest distinct culture is which of the following?
b. Jomon
The earliest ceramic sherds are datable to which of the following years?
b. before 10000 BCE
Japanese Jomon potters shared which of the following characteristics?
b. modeled ceramic ornament
A dotaku would be found in which of the following periods?
d. yayoi
The variety of figure types suggests that in addition to serving as military guards these figures also provided a spiritual barrier between the living and the dead. Which of the following does this describe?
d. haniwa
The Ise Shrine is dedicated to which of the following?
b. Amaterasu
The Ise Shrine is reconstructed every 20 years. The original source for the main sanctuary's form is based on which of the following?
d. early granaries
When did Buddhism arrive in Japan?
c. Asuka Period
According to tradition, a gilded bronze statue of Buddha was sent to Japan by which of the following?
a. Korean Paekche
The Early Japanese capital city, Heijo, is laid out on a symmetrical grid plan resembling which of the following?
c. Chang'an
Which of the following cultural components became established in Japan during the Asuka Period?
c. Confucianism
Tori Busshi, a descendant of a Chinese immigrant, was a master sculptor. Which of the following is his work?
a. Shaka triad
Indian sensuality can e seen in the Yakushiji triad. Which of the following figures shows that sensuality?
c. Bodhisattvas
The Tale of Genji was written by which of the following?
c. Lady Murasaki
The most important surviving monument to Pure Land beliefs in Japan is which of the following?
Phoenix Hall, Uji
The authority of the Fujiwara family was derived from which of the following?
b. marriage of daughters to the imperial line
Which of the following led to the end of the Japanese imperial court as a major political force?
d. a series of civil wars
Which of the following did the Kamakura Period pursue?
b. increased contact with China
The rebuilding of the Todaiji took place during the Kamakura period under the direction of which of the following?
c. Shunjobo Chogen
In the Heian period, phoenixes were associated with which of the following?
b. empress
Which of the following provided access to the New World between 30000 and 10000 BCE?
d. land bridge Beringia
What was the life style of these Stone Age peoples?
a. hunter gatherers
Approximately when did some of these peoples learn to fish, farm cotton, and domesticate plants?
b. 8000-2000 BCE
Which of the following is considered the mother culture of Mesoamerican Mexico?
d. Olmec
The early pyramid found at La Venta represented which of the following?
c. sacred mountain
The colossal heads found at San Lorenzo and Tres Zapotes are now thought to represent which of the following?
c. rulers
Which of the following was a cosmopolitan center with merchants from Veracruz and Zapotec peoples?
a. Teotihuac�n
Teotihuac�n was greatly revered and visited by which of the following groups?
b. Anasazi
Which of the following were found in the four corners in each of the tiers of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuac�n?
b. sacrificed children
The portrait of Ruler 13 can be found on Stele D from Cop�n. He holds across his chest a symbol representing the sky and his absolute power. Which of the following is that symbol?
d. double-headed serpent bar
Bonampak is famous for which of the following?
a. murals
Paracas textiles are considered masterpieces in Andean art. A recurring motif is flying or floating figures; current scholarship has interpreted these figures as which of the following?
b. religious practitioners
In the Adena culture, which of the following would be a treasured item, buried with the deceased?
c. pipe
The temple complex at Chav�n de Hu�ntar is famous for its stone carvings. Which of the following describes the Chav�n technique?
c. shallow linear incisions
Which of the following is one suggested interpretation for the Great Serpent Mound?
a. Halley's Comet
The Mimbres culture is renowned for which of the following art forms?
d. black-on-white painted bowls
Which of the following occurred in the 12th century that caused the Anasazi to abandon their open canyon floor dwelling sites?
d. drought
A gorget is which of the following?
c. neck pendant
The Mimbres culture occupied which of the following areas?
c. southwestern New Mexico
In the 12th century the Anasazi re-located to which of the following areas?
b. Mesa Verde, Colorado
Which of the following groups of peoples produced the earliest sculpture in the round?
Nok
The Altar of the Hand and Arm is from which of the following societies?
Benin
Nok sculpture is made from which of the following?
terracotta
The Benin king established diplomatic relations with which of the following?
Portuguese
The equestrian fly-whisk handle is an object of prestige from which of the following groups?
Igbo-Ukwu
Which of the following made export goods exclusively for the European market?
Sapi
Ile-Ife figures focused mainly on which of the following?
sacred kingship
The Benin kingdom was located in what modern country?
Nigeria
Which of the following is considered the cradle of Yoruba?
lle-lfe
Which of the following describes an export item the Portuguese would have commissioned?
saltcellar
When did Christianity arrive in the highlands of Ethiopia?
4th century
Which of the following is a walled town that hosted several ethnic groups and many specialist workshops?
djenne
Among the Igbo-Ukwu, facial striping represents which of the following?
marks of titled status
Scars intentionally created to form patterns on the flesh are called:
scarification
Name the complex that was a royal residence for the ruler, his wives, and nobles and included a court for ceremonial gatherings.
Great Zimbabwe
Which of the following describes the floodplain of the Niger River in the Western Sudan?
the fertile crescent
In Benin mythology which of the following gods is responsible for wealth and creativity?
Olokun
The kings of Benin trace their lineage to what culture?
Yoruba
In the Great Zimbabwe tradition a crocodile was thought to represent which of the following?
deceased ruler who is now messenger
In Benin iconography, which of the following is the seat of kingly will and power?
the kings head
Distinctive multilobed arches exemplify the stylistic crosscurrents that typify Indian architecture in the second millennium. Which of the following structures has this element?
Lotus Mahal
The Vijayanagar Empire was ended by which of the following?
confederacy of Deccan sultantes
Who of the following was fascinated by European art?
Akbar
How does Akbar and the Elephant Hawai from the Akbarnama become a metaphor for Akbar's rule?
taking charge of an unruly state
The Mughals of India presided over a court that can be described as which of the following?
cosmopolitan
Where is the Taj Mahal?
Agra
Monumental tombs were not part of either the Hindu or Buddhist traditions, but had a long history in Islamic architecture. Which of the following is a monumental tomb?
Taj Mahal
Northwestern India resolutely resisted which of the following?
Mughal expansion
Which of these settings is depicted in the lovers tryst, Krishna and Radha in a Pavilion?
night garden with lightning flashes
Gateway towers, a very popular structural motif, can be found in temple complexes. Which of the following describes this structural motif?
Gopuras
The Great Temple at Madurai is dedicated to which of the following?
Shiva and his consort
The Victoria Terminus is modeled after which of the following styles?
late medieval venice
Which of the following is an avatar of Vishnu?
krishna
Akbar received the Royal Polyglot Bible from which of the following?
portuguese jesuits
The Sukhothai Walking Buddha expresses which of the following ideas?
supernatural being
The Emerald Buddha is carved from ________.
green jade
Which of the following represents a symbol for religious and secular authority for Thai kings?
Emerald Buddha
When did the British first arrive in India?
16th century
Indian miniatures were designed for which of the following purposes?
to be held on the hands
Krishna is always portrayed as which of the following?
blue
An early European visitor to the court of Kublai Khan was ________.
Marco Polo
The Mongols, led by ________, invaded China in 1210 and destroyed the Jin dynasty's capital at Beijing.
Genghis Khan
During the Yuan Dynasty ________ was a popular subject for painting.
bamboo
Which of the following describes the literati?
scholar artists
During the Yuan period the Chinese mastered ________.
porcelain
The phoenix is an allegorical symbol for ________.
empress
The Chinese principle of active masculine energy is ________.
yang
Which dynasty drove the last Mongol emperor from Beijing?
ming
The Ming designed Beijing as which of the following?
three nested walled cities
Why is the imperial palace compound named the Forbidden City?
because access is very restricted
They are scenic arrangements of natural and artificial elements intended to produce irregularities.
ming pleasure gardens
For lacquer ware, imperial patronage went to which of the following?
orchard factory
Northern Chan Buddhists believed ________ could only achieve enlightenment.
long training
Which of the following was considered the most prestigious subject matter for painting in Ming China?
landscape
The Manchus of Manchuria invaded China in the 17th century and established which of the following?
Qing Dynasty
When did the Communists take control of China?
1949
The last Korean dynasty was ________.
Choson
Song Su-Nam, a modern Korean artist and one of the founders of the Oriental Ink Movement, owes much to which of the following American Abstract Expressionist painters?
Morris Louis
Which of the following events ended the last Korean dynasty?
Japanese annexation
The Qing Dynasty ended in ________.
1912
The shogunate of the Muromachi Period was which of the following?
a military government
Daimyo were ________ in the Japanese shogunate.
local lords
During which period did Zen or Chan Buddhism flourish?
Muromachi
Zen Buddhism emphasized ________.
personal responsibility
In Zen Buddhism enlightenment is achieved through ________.
meditation
Which of the following would Zen Buddhism appeal to most particularly?
samurai
Who was a practitioner of the splashed-ink (haboku) style?
sesshu toyo
This style featured precisely applied ink in bold patterns.
Kano School
How have scholars referred to the period of the late 15th century through the late 16th century in Japan?
Era of Warring States
The screen, Chinese Lions by Kano Eitoku, became an important symbol for ________.
Momoyama
The Pine Forest by Hasegawa Tohaku, which evokes a calm, meditative mood, is suggestive of the following discipline.
zen
How did one enter a teahouse?
by crawling on hands and knees
One of the most renowned tea masters of the Momoyama Period was ________.
sen no rikyu
Tatami accommodate which of the following Japanese customs?
not wearing shoes indoors
During the Edo Period Westerners were expelled. Which of the following were exempt?
dutch
This school did not have continuity of lineage and training. It is characterized by vivid color and extensive use of gold and silver as well as decorative patterning.
Rinpa School
The Rinpa School traced its roots to ________.
Tawaraya Sotatsu
A nishiki-e or brocade picture is sumptuous, brilliant, and printed on the best quality paper using costly inks. An artist who played a key role in developing this style is which of the following?
Suzuki Harunobu
Which of the following architects designed the stadiums for the 1964 Olympics held in Tokyo?
Tange Kenzo
Who promoted the ideal of beauty that was inspired by the tea ceremony and could be achieved in functional objects made of natural materials by anonymous craftspeople?
Yanagi Soetsu
Who brought a contingent of Spanish explorers to Mexico?
Hern�n Cort�s
How long did the conquest of the Aztec Empire take?
2 years
Which of the following were preeminent in the art of writing?
postclassic maya
The subject matter of the Borgia Codex is primarily which of the following?
rituals
Which of the following caused a century of anarchy in central Mexico around 1200?
destruction of Tula
The Temple of Huitzilopochtli at Tenochtitl�n commemorates the god's victory over whom?
his sister and 400 brothers
The bodies of conquered enemies were sacrificed in the Great Temple at Tenochtitl�n and then hurled down the stairs to land on the ________.
stone of coyolxauhqui
Coatlicue had great claws on both her hands and feet; these symbolize ________.
sacrificial death
What kind of necklace does Coatlicue wear?
human hands and hearts
In addition to a high cross, which of the following did Cort�s propose to place in the Temple of Huitzilopochtli?
statue of the virgin
The Inka had an efficient and swift communication system that depended on ________.
relay runners
The Inka wove bands of small squares of various repeated abstract designs into their garments; it is thought these represented ________.
political meaning
Those peoples conquered by the Inka had to wear ________.
only their local dress
Which of the following was discovered in 1911?
Machu Picchu
Which of the following was the dominant culture of the American Southwest preceding the Europeans?
ancestral plueboan
The Navajo sand or dry paintings are used in which of the following rituals?
curing disease
A transformation mask would be found in which of the following areas?
northwest coast
Haida house frontal poles display which of the following?
clan emblems
Which of the following describes the Plains peoples?
nomadic
Which of the following was a Plains art form that continued to flourish during the reservation years?
ledger painting
Who proposed the division of the Pacific into major regions?
Jules Dumont d'Urville
The Pacific Islands were discovered by the Europeans in which century?
16th Century
Which of the following dominates Melanesia?
New Guinea
Which of the following describes typical Melanesian societies?
fairly democratic
Which of the following describes the Iatmul men's house?
symbolizes protective ancestors
Which of the following are agriculturists living in the hilly regions north of the Sepik River?
Abelam
What does the yam mask of the Abelam represent?
power and prestige
Which of the following were former practitioners of head-hunting?
Asmat
Which of the following is symbolic of the headhunter and appears on bisj poles?
hornbill
The female praying-mantis is a reference to which of the following?
head-hunting
Micronesian cultures frequently are ruled by:
chieftains
Micronesian art relates to which of the following?
sea
Which of the following describes the function of the rooster on the men's house, or bai, from Belau, Carolines?
rising sun
Which of the following was the last area to be settled by humans?
Polynesia
Which of the following societies had the most highly stratified social structure in the Pacific?
Hawaii
What does the Maori meetinghouse represent?
primacy of ancestral connections
The moai of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) most likely depict which of the following?
ancestral chiefs
Which of the following describes Australian Aboriginal art?
small and portable
During the early 19th century ranking women of Tonga made which of the following?
barkcloth
Which of the following describes the acquisition of power by Marquesan chiefs?
warfare
Relic containers are made by which of the following groups of peoples?
Fang
The nkisi n'kondi are power figures found in which of the following societies?
Kongo
Who can use the nkisi n'kondi?
consecrated priests
The asye usu or bush spirits are part of the visual vocabulary of the ________.
Baule
Which of the following has a strong earlier artistic tradition?
Benin
In Benin iconography, wisdom, good judgment, and divine guidance for the kingdom are represented by ________.
the head of the king
A linguist's staff is carried by which of the following?
important counselor
A rich tradition of proverbs is associated with which of the following groups?
Akan
Identify the gifted early 20th century Yoruba sculptor.
Olowe of Ise
Which of the following describes the most recurrent Senufo mask theme?
small face with fine features
Poro society is associated with which of the following groups?
Senufo
In the ________ group, women control the use of the masks and dance with them.
Mende
The "Beautiful Lady" mask is associated with which of the following?
Senufo
In Mende society, what does the turtle signify?
underwater home
The mbari house of the Igbo is dedicated to ________.
powerful nature gods
In which society do the men spend a great deal of time creating elaborate hairstyles?
Samburu
Willie Bester's Homage to Steve Biko is a protest against:
apartheid
Which of the following artists creates figurative caskets?
Kane Kwei
The mask Satimbe represents all women in the ________ society.
Dogon
The Mende masks are worn by ________.
Women as teachers