4 Types of Medieval Art
Byzantine, Insular, Romanesque, Gothic
5 Types of Medieval Media
Sculpture, Illuminated Manuscripts, Stained Glass, Metalwork, Mosaics
Minor/(Decorative) Art
Metalwork, Ivory Carvings, Enamel, Embroidery
Medieval Traditions
Follow Catholic Europe
Artistic Style
Form of Greek realism; Greek influence; developed out of the Roman Empire
Art Features
Abstract; anti-naturalistic character; symbolic
2 Main Areas in Byzantine Art
Icons & Mosaics
Icons
Religious work of Art; commonly a painting; represents sign/symbol; Easter Christianity/Catholicism
Jesus Christ (Icon)
Greek language not Latin; hand-painted
Crucifixion of Christ
words=Greek; skull=symbolic (human skull); Greek=Golgotha; Latin=Calvary
Holy Trinity (Icon)
Represents Holy father, son, spirit
The Annunciation
From Ohrid; 1 of most admired icons
Byzantine Mosaics
Central to byzantine cultures; golden
Christ Pantocrator
Most famous survivor; Hagia Sophia in Constantinople
St. Demetrios with Donors
From Church of Hagios Demetrios in Thessaloniki
Insula Art
Insula" (Island); Post-Roman history of Ireland & Great Britain; originated=Irish monasticism of Celtic
3 Main Areas of Insula Art
Form of the book, High Crosses, and Liturgical Metalwork
Insula Style
Fusion b/w traditions of Celtic Art & Christians; few human figurines; extremely detailed, geometric, interlace, animal decor, and brooches
Book of Kells
Illuminated manuscript Gospel book in latin; 4 Gospels of New Testament
Page from Book of Kells
Text from Gospel of John; Written by Scribe (Hand B)
Lindisfarne Gospels
Latin manuscript (Gospel Matthew, Mark, Luke, John); Monk's Eadfrith
High Cross
Made of stone
Muiredach's High Cross
Location=Monasterboice, County Louth, Ireland; aka South Cross
Arboe High Cross
National Cross; Northern Ireland; Tallest cross=5.6 meters
Interlace
Common origin=Islamic patterns & Celtic knotwork; decorative elements; geometric patterns
Saint Louis Psalter
Interlace=used in illuminated text; metalwork; historiated initial b; enlarge letter at the beginning of a paragraph; decoration=human/animal
Celtic brooch/(Penannular brooch)
Clothes fastener; large; form of metalwork
Tara Brooch
Most famous form of metalwork
Romanesque Art Themes
Western Europe; Monasticism
4 Types of Romanesque Art
Painting, Typology, Psalter, Enamel
Painting
Vigorous, expressive; terms of iconography; called="Poor Man's Bible"; Monsters/beast fighting=popular themes; loosely religious attachments
Typology
Dominant approach in lit and art=interpretations of the bible; many decorations
Psalter
Book of Psalms (Liturgical Calendar & Lituary of Saints); Owned by wealthy; used for learning how to read
Enamel/(Porcelain Enamel)
Powered glass=fused; melts, flows, hardens=coating on metal or ceramics
Baptism of Christ Baptism Font
Shiny from being touched; words=latin
4 Main Types of Gothic Art
Sculpture, Ivory Sculpture, Painting, Illuminated Manuscript
Gothic Art (Architectural Ornament)
Devotional object (created for home & church); made of bone and wood
Adam & Eve
@ Notre Dame Cathedral; Satan=snake in tree (appears feminine)
Ivory Sculpture
Consisted of=small, carved elephant ivory figurines; scenes of virgin mary
Gothic Art Paintings
Displayed @ home; for wealthy; painted on oil canvas; diptic
Tryptic
3 panels of painting; alter-piece
G.A. Illuminated Manuscripts
Mid 13th century; Bible; record of Gothic paintings; Psalters=include illustrations
G.A. Book of Hours
Devotional book; surviving manuscripts; contains=A calendar of the liturgical year (feast days etc.); An excerpt from each of the four canonical gospels; The Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary; The fifteen Psalms of Degrees; The seven Penitential Psalms; A Litany of Saints; An Office for the Dead; The Hours of the Cross;Various other Christian prayers
G.A. Hildegard of Bingen
Benedictine nun; physician, mystic, composer, artist
Mandala
A religious symbol associated with meditation, usually created with geometric patterns and shapes
Hindu Mandala
Circle w/square in the middle
Aztec Mandala
Circular all around
Adam Mandala
Nun @ top corner
Tree of Life Mandala
Animals