Corbel
a projecting wall used as a support for some element in the superstructure.
Corbeled arch
an arch formed by piling stones in horizontal courses, angling inward until the stones meet at a point.
Cyclopean masonry
a method of construction that uses massive, irregular blocks to form massive fortification walls of Mycenaean sites.
Dromos
a long passageway that leads to a tomb.
Fresco
a painting done rapidly in watercolor on a plaster of a wall or ceiling, so that the colors penetrate the plaster and become fixed as it dries.
Krater
a bowl for mixing wine and water.
Labyrinth
a complicated irregular network of passages or paths in which it is difficult to find one's way; a maze. This was the palace style at Knossos.
Megaron
the most important element inside many palaces. This was a reception hall and throne room for the king.
Minotaur
a creature half bull and half man that inhabited a vast labyrinth.
Tholos
a temple or burial chamber with a circular plan.
Tholos tomb
In Mycenaean architecture, a bee-hive shaped tomb with a circular plan.
Acropolis
means "high city" - term for the Greeks erecting their temples on elevated sites, often on a hill above the city.
Amphora
a tall ancient Greek or Roman jar with two handles and a narrow neck.
Archaic
the artistic style in Greece, characterized by the use of the composite view for painted relief figures and of Egyptian stances for statues.
Archaic smile
the smile from a greek statue that indicates the person portrayed is alive.
Amazonomachy
In Greek mythology, the battle between the Greeks and Amazons.
Base
In ancient Greek architecture, the molded projecting lowest part of Ionic and Corinthian columns.
Bilingual vases
these are Greek vases produced over a short time where one side featured Black-figure and the other side with Red-figure.
Black figure painting
In Greek pottery, the silhouetting of dark figures against a light background - early Greek.
Contrapposto
the depiction of the human figure where one part is turned in opposition to another - creating a "weight shift" appearance on one leg while the other is at rest.
Column
a vertical and circular, weight-carrying architectural component - usually has a base, shaft, and capital.
Corinthian order
a type of column order that is technically a subset of Ionic order, but the capital is different. This capital is more elaborate and ornate.
Capital
the top of the column that serves as a transition from the shaft to the lintel.
Caryatid
a female statue figure that serves as a supporting column.
Cella
a central hall or chamber at the center of an Ancient Greek temple.
Centaur
In ancient Greek mythology, a creature that has a human top and torso, but contains the legs of a horse.
Centauromachy
In ancient Greek mythology, the battle between the Greeks and centaurs.
Chiton
a Greek tunic, the essential garment of both men and women.
Doric order
a type of column order where the capitals are funnel-shaped, the columns do not have bases, and a frieze of triglyphs and metopes.
Encaustics
a technique in painting of mixing colors with hot wax and then applying them to the surface.
Freestanding
a "sculpture in the round" where the figure is carved or modeled in 3D.
Fluting
a vertical channeling in columns.
Frieze
a painting or sculpture that wraps around the entablature of a building or temple.
Geometric
the style and movement of Greek art where the focus was to establish symmetry in the art and architecture.
Glaze
a coating applied to pottery to seal and decorate the surface.
Gigantomachy
In ancient Greek mythology, the battle between gods and giants.
Hellenistic period
this period begins after the death of Alexander the Great and lasts through the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Anthony.
Himation
An ancient Greek mantle worn over the chiton and draped in various ways.
Ionic order
a type of column that is characterized by the volutes, capitals, columns with bases, and an un-interrupted frieze.
Kore
an Archaic Greek statue of a young woman.
Kouros
an Archaic Greek statue of a young man.
Lekythos
a container holding perfumed oil. These were often placed in Greek graves as offerings to the deceased.
Metope
in Greek temples, the square piece between the triglyphs in a Doric frieze. Often sculpted in relief.
Naos
a central hall or chamber at the center of a Classical Greek temple.
Orientalizing period
the earliest phase of Archaic Greek art, so named because of the adoption of forms and motifs from the ancient east and Egypt.
Octastyle
having eight columns across the front and back of a temple.
Optical correction
adjustments made to column sizes and spacing while constructing a temple.
Peripteral
a single row of columns on all sides of a temple.
Perfect temple ratio
x = 2y + 1
Panathenaic Procession
a festival that was represented with relief structures in the ionic frieze of the Parthenon.
Pediment
in Classical architecture, the triangular space at the end of a temple or building. Forms the triangle from two sloping roofs.
Red figure painting
In Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a dark background - later Greek.
Shaft
the tall, cylindrical part of a column between the capital and the base.
Symposium
an ancient Greek banquet attended solely by men.
Sinuous, S-curve
an ancient Greece technique to give a sculpture a realistic appearance when the figure is leaning against another structure.
Triglyphs
a grooved member of a Doric frieze that alternates with metopes.
Volute
a spiral, scroll-like form characteristic of the ancient Greek Ionic capital.
Wet drapery technique
a statue technique that forms folded patterns to reveal the body's anatomical structure.
White ground technique
an ancient Greek vase painting technique where the pot was first covered with a slip of very fine white clay, which then colors could be added.
Tumulus
In Etruscan architecture, multi-chambered tomb mounds were cut out of the local limestone.
Tuscan column
The Etruscan temples were constructed from easily perishable materials such as wood. What were these wooden columns called?
The Cyclades islands
small marble figures of women with arms folded have been found in?
Placed on their backs
Cycladic figures have been found in graves, how were the figures positioned?
Minotaur
half bull, half man
Tapering shape and bulbous column
Describe the structure of Minoan columns.
Kamares Ware style
___ style of Minoan pottery in which creamy white-reddish-brown motifs were applied to a black background.
A fortified palace
Tiryns, Greece was a ___. (Mycenaean Era)
Mycenae
The Lion Gate is the gateway to ___?
Corbeled Arch
What form of arch is above the lintel of the Lion Gate?
Egyptian
Mycenaean practice of placing a death mask over the dead's face is similar to what other culture?
Represents their warlike nature
Found in the Grave Circle A, the gold/silver Inlaid Dagger Blade represents Mycenaean wealth and also represents
Balance, Harmony, and Symmetry
In ancient Greece, what was the focus of the culture when creating art and architecture?
An Athenian cemetery in Geometric Period
the Geometric Krater was likely found at ____
The orient
Corinthian black figure shows fascination with ___?
Corinthians
Who created the black figure style painting?
The gesture of prayer
What is the indication that the Lady of Auxerre may be a kore?
Kouros
A standing nude figure of a young man is known in Greek art as? This was likely used as a funerary statue.
Egyptian art
Rigidly frontal pose kouros is influenced from what form of art?
Doric style
This Greek architectural style is considered more masculine because of its plain style.
Peripteral
All Greek temples are considered ___ because of a single row of columns surrounding the temple.
Red figure style
In the Archaic Period, the black figure style vase painting was replaced by what style?
Andokides Painter
Who is credited for invention of the Red figure painting style of Achilles Playing Dice?
The defeat of the Persians
What historical event marked the beginning of the Classical Period?
The Kritios boy
The earliest known example of the use of contrapposto was the ___? Also, this marks the end of the Archaic smile.
Polykleitos
Who was the Greek artist that invented the 1:7 ratio of the human sculpture?
Optical corrections
The Parthenon uses ____ that includes columns being closer than they appear, estasis, and different column diameter.
Panathenonic Precession
Scholars believe the Ionic frieze on the Parthenon is of ____?
Roof
The sculpture decorations of the Etruscan temples were most often where?
Terracotta, sun dried brick, and wood
What were Etruscan temples constructed of?
True
T/F Etruscan women were allowed more freedom than Greek women.
Mound or tumulus
Etruscan tomb at Cerveteri, Italy took form of?
Combination of motion and vitality
What describes Etruscan art?
Prehistoric Aegean: Cycladic
Figurine of a Woman
Prehistoric Aegean: Minoan
Palace of Knossos (Crete)
Prehistoric Aegean: Mycenaean
Citadel at Tiryns
Ancient Greek Art: Geometric
Geometric Krater
Ancient Greek Art: Orientalizing
Corinthian Black-figure amphora with animal frieze
Ancient Greek Art: Greek Archaic
Kouros
Ancient Greek Art: Greek Archaic
Peplos Kore
Ancient Greek Art: Greek Archaic
Temple of Hera I (Paestum)
Ancient Greek Art: Greek Archaic
Achilles and Ajax Playing a Dice Game (what is the period?)
Andokides
Achilles and Ajax Playing a Dice Game (who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Early Classical
Kritios Boy
Ancient Greek Art: Early Classical
Doryphoros (what is the period?)
Polykleitos
Doryphoros (who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Early Classical
Parthenon (what is the period?)
Iktinos and Kallikrates
Parthenon (Who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Late Classical
Aphrodite of Knidos (What is the period?)
Praxiteles
Aphrodite of Knidos (Who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Late Classical
Apoxymenos (What is the period?)
Lysippos
Apoxymenos (Who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Late Classical
Battle of Issus (What is the period?)
Philoxenos of Eretria
Battle of Issus (Who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Hellenistic
Dying Gaul (What is the period?)
Epigonos
Dying Gaul (Who is the artist?)
Ancient Greek Art: Hellenistic
Nike of Samothrace
Ancient Greek Art: Hellenistic
Venus de Milo (What is the period?)
Alexandros of Antioch-on-the-Meander
Venus de Milo (Who is the author?)
Etruscan Art: Etruscan Archaic
Sarcophagus with Reclining Couple
Etruscan Art: Etruscan Classical
Capitoline Wolf