Who created a silver salt solution that helped to develop photographs which in turn created the world's first and oldest photograph?
Schulze
What does "camera obscura" literally mean?
A darkened room
Describe what camera obscura is.
Light passed through a small hole in a tent and produced an inverted image onto the far wall of the room.
When was it first discovered?
Tenth century A.D.
Who coined the term "camera obscura?
Johann Kepler
What were two of the early uses of the camera obscura?
1) Entertainment
2) Drawing tool
When added, what did the lens do to the LIGHT RAYS that come into the camera obscura (or our modern camera)?
The light was bended (refracted).
What does the lens do to the IMAGE that is captured by the camera obscura or modern camera?
It focuses the image.
What role did Johann Heinrich Schulze play in the development of photography?
He was the first person to discover that light darkened a solution of silver nitrate.
Describe what Wedgewood and Davy's first recorded images looked like.
They placed objects on a sensitized surface and when developed, the objects were white on a black sheet, creating a silhouette type image.
What were these "silhouettes" called?
Photograms
What did Joseph Niepce do?
He created the world's first PERMANENT photograph.
How long was the exposure time?
8 hours
This person INVENTED the first popular camera that was later improved for use in portrait photography.
Louis Daguerre
How did he discover it and what was it first used for?
He discovered it by accident and it was first used for landscape and inanimate objects due to long exposure times (3-15 minutes).
What was it used for as exposure times decreased and popularity increased?
As exposure times decreased (less than 1 minute) and popularity increased, it was mostly used for portraits which when developed, came displayed in decorative leather cases.
Who invented the calotype?
William Henry Fox Talbot
List a benefit and a downfall of the daguerreotype process.
Benefit: Very high quality images; good viewable size
Downfall: Only produced one image (positive only), on metal, process tied photographers to the studio, and there was a long exposure time.
What was the advantage of the calotype over the daguerreotype and what was the calotype's downfall?
Advantage: Produced multiple images; paper was lighter than metal
Downfall: Very low quality images; very small; process tied photographers to the studio environment
What made the collodian, or "wet plate," process better than the daguerreotype and the calotype?
It made dark rooms portable and combined the advantages of a daguerreotype and calotype.
What was its biggest downfall?
Images had to be developed while plates were still wet and glass was heavy and fragile.
What was the benefit of the gelatin, or "dry plate," process over the collodian, or "wet plate," process?
Because the plates were wet, they could be processed immediately and these plates made aerial and underwater photography possible.
How did Matthew Brady start his career? (Meaning, what did he do first?)
He was a portrait photographer.
What significant role did Matthew Brady play in America's history?
He was the first to photograph the Civil War and was invited by President Lincoln to do this.
Through this, he was known as America's first what?
Photojournalist
These two gentlemen are famous for photographing the American frontier.
William Henry Jackson and Timothy O'Sullivan
Describe Eadweard Muybridge's invention. (What was it and what did it do?)
He invented a device known as the zoopraxiscope that produced a series of images showing the motion of moving objects.
Why was Muybridge's invention significant to the world of "still" photography?
It had the fastest shutter speed at 1/50th of a second.
What significant contributions did George Eastman make to the development of photography?
He was the inventor of dry roll film and he introduced the KODAK camera.
How did George Eastman's contributions change photography as we know it today?
Eastman made photography more widely available to the general public because he made it more portable and easier to use.
How is the Lecia camera similar to the cameras we use today?
It was a 35 mm camera from Germany that utilized 35 mm film to capture motion picture, much like ours today.