Art History Midterm Exam Terms

Oculus

Opening at the center of a dome

Damning of the Memory

Physical representation of punishment of a person as a statement of political power

Triumphal Arch

Built to commemorate a victory

Historical Relief

Stone depiction of an event carved into a wall

Fresco

painting done on wet plaster; dries and becomes permanent

Nave

the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation

Apse

a large semicircular or polygonal recess in a church, arched or with a domed roof, typically at the eastern end, and usually containing the altar

Tesserae

small pieces of cut glass used to make mosaics

Vellum

paper made out of tanned animal hides

Relic

part of a saint or something holy (body part, possession, cross)

Reliquary

contains a relic

Intercession

go-between between the Heavenly realm and the Earthly realm
aka. using a relic

Romanesque

an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches

Gothic

a style of architecture that is characterized by pointed arches, stained glass, and tall height

Byzantine

Eastern half of the Roman empire after the split

Flying Buttress

arch connects to the church and a pier helps support the walls and ceiling

Tympanum

semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, bounded by a lintel and arch

Fourth Lateran Council

called by Pope Innocent III to recreate image of Church as well as develop new architecture

Trumeau

post in between two entrances where sculptures are located

Maqsura

enclosure for the ruler where he can pray safely

Mosque

Muslim place of worship

Mihrab

decorative niche in the wall of a mosque that helps Muslims know which way to pray

Minbar

staircase where someone climbs to call the prayer

Circumbulation

structure that allows worshipers to walk in a circular manner

Qur'an

Muslim holy book

Pilgrimage

a religious journey to a holy land