what to watch for when administering IV insulin ; regular insulin
serum potassium levels a they can drop leading to life threatening arrhythmias
what increases PTH parathyroid hormone
calcium
what decreases serum calcium
Calcitonin
what happens when serum calcium increases
phosphorus levels decrease vice versa
what could cause life threatening complications such as respiratory arrest, seizures or arrhythmias
severe excess or deficit of magnesium or potassium
where is potassium found in the body
found inside the cell, it is the most plentiful electrolyte in the body
where is magnesium found in the body
found in the cell, the second most plentiful electrolyte in the body
what is sodium
number one electrolyte in extracellular fluid
where is the phosphorus found in the body
found inside the cell and bones
where is calcium found in the body
mainly in the bones and teeth; some floats around in the blood as well
where is chloride found in the body
inside the cell, the blood, and the fluid between the cells
what meds and labs would you administer to a pt in the 8th decade of life with R sided HF, Hx of Afib and HTN
labs: PT/INR for Coumadin, BNP, K+
meds: lasix, digoxin, lopressor, coumadin
what meds and labs would you administer to a pt in the 5th decade with cellulitis to left forearm, truck driver, Hx of high cholesterol and HTN
Labs: WBC, calcium
meds: lipitor, norvasc, lisinopril, C
what are the meds and labs for a pt. 4th decade in for lab cholecystectomy, on birth control, obese and smoker
Norco
Toradol
Wellbutrin
Patch
labs:WBC, Liver Panel, cholesterol
what meds and labs for male pt 8th decade, newly diagnosed pneumonia, recently divorced
Solumedrol
Rocephin
Paxil
WBC differential
what meds and labs for male pt. 5th decade with chest pain and SOB
Nitro
Morphine
O2
Labs: Troponin, CK, CKMB
what meds and labs for pt 3rd decade with Cronhs disease, Hx of depression
Prednisone to decrease inflammation, may also increase apetite as Crohns may decrease apetite
antidiarrheal
antibiotics to treat abscess (accummulation of puss from infection)
Opiod analgesics or antispasmodic to control pain and reduce diarrhea
surgery i
what is crohn's disease
type of a chronic inflammatory bowel disease IBD that can affect entire alimentary canal, typically involves a portion of of the small intestine ileum, skip lesions, all layers
what cause crohn's disease
auto immune response
what are the signs and symptoms of crohn's
pain abdominal from inflammatory process
weigh loss and malnutrition from lack of eating, malabsorption, and chronic inflammatory process
chronic diarrhea due to inflammatory process
elevated temp. from severe inflammatory process
fluid and electrolyte im
what meds and labs for hepatic encephalopathy
Lactulose
labs: ammonia
what is hepatic encephalopathy
...
what meds and labs for pt 7th decade with aphasia and ptosis to R face
Lisinopril.Coumadin
labs: PT/INR
what meds and labs for female pt 7th decade with renal disease and HTN, Spanish speaking
Phoslo, Norvasc, Phosphate and Ca+
what meds for 9th decade pt on comfort measures/hospice care
Morphine patch, no labs
what is acute disease
a disease that has a sudden onset and a relatively short duration (less than 6 months), such as acute appendicitis or rhinitis.
what is autoimmune disease
any disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues�for example, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
chronic disease
a disease that has a slow onset and relatively long duration (more than 6 months), such as cancer or emphysema.
complication
a pathological process or event occurring during a disease that is not an essential part of the disease; it may result from the disease or from independent causes.
epidemiology
epidemiology: the study of the social distribution and spread of diseases, especially to determine their sources and causes and to halt their spread.
etiology
1. the study of disease. 2. the cause of any specific disease
incidence
the number of new cases of a disease that appear in a population over a given time
infectious disease
any disease caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc, that can be transmitted from one person to another
morbidity
the incidence or prevalence of a disease in a population
mortality
the rate of death from a particular disease in a population
pathology
the study of disease
collective term for the signs and symptoms of a disease
poison
any substance taken into the body that disturbs normal physiology
prevalence
the number of people in a population who have a disease at a given moment in time or in a given time interval
primary disease
the first or initial dysfunction
sequel
a condition resulting from a disease that comes after the disease (aftermath)
risk factor
any condition or habit that increases the probability of contracting a particular disease, such as age, sex, heredity, smoking, diet or occupation
secondary disease
another dysfunction that occurs on top of primary condition and especially because of the primary condition (sometimes called complication)
sign
an objective indication of disease that can be seen by any trained observer, such as a fever or skin lesion
symptom
a subjective indication of disease that can be known with certainty only by the affected person, such as blurry vision or a headache
syndrome
collection of signs, symptoms, and degenerative processes that occur together in a particular disease
toxin
a poison produced by a living organism
trauma
physical injury to the body such as a cut, blow or burn
aspiration
the removal of tissue fluid, or air from the body by suction, either to relieve a pathological state (such as fluid pressure) or to obtain samples of diagnostic examination
asymptomatic
lacking symptoms even when disease is present
biopsy
the removal and microscopic examination of a sample of living tissue for diagnostic purposes
chief complaint
the primary reason a patient presents him or herself for examination or treatment; the majority abnormality of structure or function noticed by the patient
clinical hematology
diagnostic examination of the blood to help assess a person's health or diagnose an illness
diagnosis
identification of the cause of illness through such methods as the patient interview, physical examination, and laboratory tests
endoscopy
viewing the interior of the body with a viewing instrument called an endoscope
medical history
a report on a patient that includes identifying data, family medical data, and other information gained through the patient care and treatment
prognosis
prediction of the course and outcome of a disease as a basis for the patient care and treatment
urinalysis (U/A)
diagnostic examination of urine to help assess a person's health or diagnose an illness
vital signs
a person's temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure
chemotherapy
any use of drugs to treat disease; especially the chemical treatment of cancer
disinfection
the incomplete destruction or removal of microbes from medical instruments, surfaces, or treatment areas, sufficient to reduce a patient's risk of infection to an acceptable low level
drug
any chemical used or the purpose of diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease, for the relief of symptoms, or for the improvement of any physiological or pathological condition
gene therapy
the replacement of a defective disease causing gene with a normal gene
hemodialysis
a procedure that compensates for insufficient kidney function by artificially removing wastes from patient's blood
immunotherapy
the clinical use of antibodies or immune cells to treat infection, cancer, and other diseases
informed consent
an agreement signed by a patient to receive certain clinical tests or treatment, attesting that the patient has been fully informed of the purposes, risks, and benefits of the proposed procedures and has voluntarily decided to pursue the plan of testing o
international unit
a quantity of a drug especially fat soluble vitamins, enzymes, hormones, and vaccines defined differently for various substances by the International Conference for Unification of Formulae. An IU is defined as the amount of a substance that produces a spe
medical asepsis
procedures that reduce the population of microbes in an area to an acceptably low level. Also called clean technique.
noncompliance
failure of patient or his or her caregiver to follow a plan of medical prevention or treatment, often presenting a significant obstacle to successful treatment
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired by exposure to pathogens in a clinical setting at least 72 hours after admission. An infection that the patient acquired before admission and before 72 hours into the hospital stay is termed a community acquired infection
Occupational therapy
the use of work, play and self care activities to prevent or treat physical disabilities and to maximize a patient's independence and quality of life
pharmaceutics
the science of drug preparation, dosage and administration
pharmacist
a person who has specialized knowledge of the properties and interactions of drugs and who is licensed to prepare and dispense them
physical therapy
the use of exercise, massage, heat, and other means other than medication or surgery to prevent or treat physical disabilities and to maximize a patient's independence and quality of life
radiotherapy
the treatment of disease, especially cancer with ionizing radiation
sterilization
the complete destruction or removal of microbes from medical instruments, surfaces, or treatment areas
surgery
the treatment of disease, deformities and injuries by manipulating or operation
surgical asepsis
procedures that render an area entirely free of microbes. Also called sterile technique
therapy
treatment of a patient aimed at relieving suffering preventing disease or curing a disease