Chapter 22 us history II

City Laborers

Many lost the jobs, became homeless, lived in poverty, and some lived in Hoovervilles

Define Hoovervilles

A makeshift homeless shelter during the early years of depression

Farmers

- low crop prices
- they lost their farms to the bank when they couldn't pay their mortgages
- in the south landowners expelled tenant farmers and sharecroppers
- in protest against low prices, farmers dumped thousands of gallons of milk and destroyed cro

Women

-working women were accused of taking jobs away from the men
Many women continued to find work, however because poor-paying jobs such as domestic service, typing, and nursing were considered "women's work". The greatest job losses of the depression were i

Children

They suffered from poor diet and inadequate medical care. Many dropped out of school to help the family.

Men

-They felt like failures
-thought there status was falling
-embarrassed
-ashamed to ask for help

African Americans

- they were denied civil rights in the south in 1932
- 56% of the population was out of work
-denied education and health care

Hispanics and Asian Americans

Many lost their country and jobs because thousands were deported, even Those born in the United states

Dow-Jones Industrial Average

Average of stock prices of major industries

Great Crash

The collapse of the stock market in Oct. 1929

Great Depression

The stock market crashed (severe economic crash)

Business cycles

A span in which the economy grows,then contracts

In fall of 1929, a wave of panic selling gripped the stock market as a result of..

A sudden fall in stock prices

Not long after Black Tuesday, the stock market crash was affecting

Millions of Americans, many whom had never owned stocks

The crash led to

Unemployment for millions of workers

After the crash, thousands of American banks closed because they

Could not return depositors' money

The crash of the American economic system

Led to a worldwide depression

One of the underlying causes of the Great Depression was the United State's

Unstable economy

1920s were

Great

Dust bowl

So much soil blew out of the central and southern Great Plains that their region was the dust bowl (1931-1940)

21st amendment

Repealed prohibition

Penny auctions

Farmers would bid mere pennies on land and machines auctioned by banks in order to help their struggling neighbors

What activity would the "Depression generation" avoid

Buying expensive items on credit

What did some people agree to do when a foreclosed farm was auctioned

Keep bids low

What group gained some support because of the terrible conditions

The socialist party

Why did radical and reform movements work together

To seek social justice

Why did people humor during the depression

To help fight despair

What was one goal of the repeal of prohibition

To curb gangsters

What was one dramatic symbol of hope during the Depression

The Empire State Building

What symbol of business in the 1920s became labor'a prime enemy in the 1930s

Henry ford

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Highest import task in 1930

Bonus army

In 1932, Veterans and their families protested Washington, D.C., demanding an immediate payment of pension in bonus promised for 1946

Hoover believed the best way to end the depression was through

Voluntary controls by American business

International trade slowed down as a result of

The hawley-Smoot tariff which backfired

The reconstruction finance corporation aimed to

Provide government credit to banks

To get the bonus army marchers to leave the Capitol, General MacArthur

Used force

One of Franklin Roosevelt's traits that appealed to Americans was his

Spirit of optimism

As the governor of New York, Roosevelt had worked vigorously for

Relief for the jobless

Roosevelt easily won the 1932 presidential election by promising

A new deal for Americans

The election of 1932 was a turning point in the role of

Government in American society

During the depression, wage cuts and unemployment eventually affected

All levels of society

Those hit hardest by the depression were

Low paid Laborers

The rise in homelessness mainly resulted from

Laid off workers losing their homes

Many farms were auctioned off when farmers

Could not pay their mortgages

Dorothea Lange's photographs of migrant workers

Helped win aid for the workers

Peoples physical and mental health declined as a result of

Poor diet and anxiety

During the depression, working women were

Accused of taking jobs away from men

During the depression many members of minority groups

Lost their low paying jobs to whites