City Laborers
Many lost the jobs, became homeless, lived in poverty, and some lived in Hoovervilles
Define Hoovervilles
A makeshift homeless shelter during the early years of depression
Farmers
- low crop prices
- they lost their farms to the bank when they couldn't pay their mortgages
- in the south landowners expelled tenant farmers and sharecroppers
- in protest against low prices, farmers dumped thousands of gallons of milk and destroyed cro
Women
-working women were accused of taking jobs away from the men
Many women continued to find work, however because poor-paying jobs such as domestic service, typing, and nursing were considered "women's work". The greatest job losses of the depression were i
Children
They suffered from poor diet and inadequate medical care. Many dropped out of school to help the family.
Men
-They felt like failures
-thought there status was falling
-embarrassed
-ashamed to ask for help
African Americans
- they were denied civil rights in the south in 1932
- 56% of the population was out of work
-denied education and health care
Hispanics and Asian Americans
Many lost their country and jobs because thousands were deported, even Those born in the United states
Dow-Jones Industrial Average
Average of stock prices of major industries
Great Crash
The collapse of the stock market in Oct. 1929
Great Depression
The stock market crashed (severe economic crash)
Business cycles
A span in which the economy grows,then contracts
In fall of 1929, a wave of panic selling gripped the stock market as a result of..
A sudden fall in stock prices
Not long after Black Tuesday, the stock market crash was affecting
Millions of Americans, many whom had never owned stocks
The crash led to
Unemployment for millions of workers
After the crash, thousands of American banks closed because they
Could not return depositors' money
The crash of the American economic system
Led to a worldwide depression
One of the underlying causes of the Great Depression was the United State's
Unstable economy
1920s were
Great
Dust bowl
So much soil blew out of the central and southern Great Plains that their region was the dust bowl (1931-1940)
21st amendment
Repealed prohibition
Penny auctions
Farmers would bid mere pennies on land and machines auctioned by banks in order to help their struggling neighbors
What activity would the "Depression generation" avoid
Buying expensive items on credit
What did some people agree to do when a foreclosed farm was auctioned
Keep bids low
What group gained some support because of the terrible conditions
The socialist party
Why did radical and reform movements work together
To seek social justice
Why did people humor during the depression
To help fight despair
What was one goal of the repeal of prohibition
To curb gangsters
What was one dramatic symbol of hope during the Depression
The Empire State Building
What symbol of business in the 1920s became labor'a prime enemy in the 1930s
Henry ford
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Highest import task in 1930
Bonus army
In 1932, Veterans and their families protested Washington, D.C., demanding an immediate payment of pension in bonus promised for 1946
Hoover believed the best way to end the depression was through
Voluntary controls by American business
International trade slowed down as a result of
The hawley-Smoot tariff which backfired
The reconstruction finance corporation aimed to
Provide government credit to banks
To get the bonus army marchers to leave the Capitol, General MacArthur
Used force
One of Franklin Roosevelt's traits that appealed to Americans was his
Spirit of optimism
As the governor of New York, Roosevelt had worked vigorously for
Relief for the jobless
Roosevelt easily won the 1932 presidential election by promising
A new deal for Americans
The election of 1932 was a turning point in the role of
Government in American society
During the depression, wage cuts and unemployment eventually affected
All levels of society
Those hit hardest by the depression were
Low paid Laborers
The rise in homelessness mainly resulted from
Laid off workers losing their homes
Many farms were auctioned off when farmers
Could not pay their mortgages
Dorothea Lange's photographs of migrant workers
Helped win aid for the workers
Peoples physical and mental health declined as a result of
Poor diet and anxiety
During the depression, working women were
Accused of taking jobs away from men
During the depression many members of minority groups
Lost their low paying jobs to whites