According to Durkheim, what are the 3 elements of religion
Beliefs, Rituals and a moral community
What is the current WHITE composition of the U.S. population?
63%
What is the current BLACK composition of the U.S. population?
13%
What is the current ASIAN composition of the U.S. population?
4%
What is the current HISPANIC composition of the U.S. population?
17%
What is the current NATIVE AMERICAN composition of the U.S. population?
1%
What is the current OTHER composition of the U.S. population?
2%
The impact that the death of a spouse has on the surviving spouse, often leading to an earlier than expected death
The widowhood effect
People who are paid to influence legislation on behalf of their clients
Lobbyists
Political Action Committees, solicit contributions from corps and individuals to financially support politicians (middle-man)
PACs
Believing your vote doesn't make a difference. A primary reason why many choose not to vote
Vote Apathy
Accepted as right (authority)
Legitimate power
Not accepted as right/fair (coercion)
Illegitimate power
What are the 2 primary economic systems?
Capitalism and Socialism
What are the 3 essential features of capitalism?
Private ownership of means of production, market competition and pursuit of profit
What are the 3 essential features of socialism?
Public ownership of means of production, central planning and distribution of goods without a profit motive
Which theorist is credited with being the founder of the Conflict Theory?
Karl Marx
Beneficial consequences of actions social structures
Functions
Harmful consequences of actions/social structures
Dysfunctions
Latent
Unintended
Manifest
Intended
Improved physical and mental health, lower divorce rates, higher educational achievements, more subdued religious services, increased participation in politics and commit different crimes with less severe punishments
The consequences of social class
A way of analyzing the social world as an impartial/objective observer in an attempt to understand how society shapes the individual shapes society
Sociological Imagination
When examining prejudice, which theoretical perspective would focus on the notion that "labels can create prejudice and lead to self-fulfilling stereotypes"?
Symbolic Interactionist
STRAIN THEORY OF DEVIANCE- What does Conformity mean?
Accepts goals, accepts means
STRAIN THEORY OF DEVIANCE- What does Innovator mean?
Accepts goals, rejects means
STRAIN THEORY OF DEVIANCE- What does Ritualism mean?
Rejects goals, accepts means
STRAIN THEORY OF DEVIANCE- What does Retreatism mean?
Rejects goals, rejects means
STRAIN THEORY OF DEVIANCE- What does Rebellion mean?
Rejects both, but attempts to create new ones
What world event sparked the birth of Sociology as a discipline?
The industrial revolution
(Social Norms)- Norms not strictly enforced
Folkways
(Social Norms)- Essential to core values
Mores
(Social Norms)- Any violation is repellent
Taboo
An entity in which inhabitants are isolated and cut off from society
Total institution
Describe how a theorist from the Structural Functionalist perspective would interpret social stratification
Views inequality as a natural consequence of the organizing process of stratification and believes it is often beneficial to society
What are the organizing principles of stratification in the U.S.?
Race, class and gender
A 3-step process by which a person formulated a sense of self in response to their perceptions of others reactions towards them
Cooley's Looking Glass Theory
Approximately what percent of female-headed households with children live at, or below, the poverty line?
39%
What are the macro levels of analysis in sociology?
Structural functionalism and conflict theory
What is the micro level of analysis in sociology?
Symbolic Interactionism
Designates a social position that one holds
Status
Designates socially expected behavior
Role
The norms, values and physical elements that create a way of life
Culture
The people and relationships that exist within a given culture and live in the same area
Society
Biological male/female characteristics
Sex
Social expectations of male/female
Gender
Physical traits that separate us into groups
Race
Groups of people who identify with one another (common ancestry)
Ethnicity
Material culture
Physical elements
Nonmaterial culture
Symbols language values and rules
Approximately what percent of American women will not give birth in their lifetime?
20% (1 in 5)