Health care biased before mid-1980's
health research only included men participants
Women's Health Equity Act
Published articles on prevention of heart disease, breast cancer, osteoporosis
Men more likely to
die prenatally
suffer from genetically linked diseases
die from an accident during teens
live shorter lives
be murdered
Women
lower metabolic rate
higher body fat
shorter
lighter
less muscular
Men
Coronary Heart Disease more common
-build up of plaque in large coronary arteries
Women
Heart disease is #1 killer in U.S.
Women
Coronary Microvascular Disease
-walls and linings of tiny coronary artery blood vessels
Women
engage in less physical activity compared to men
Barriers to womens strength and fitness
Pressure for female modesty of dress
fear of safety
pressure to be thin
Benefits for lifting weights
reduced risk of osteoporosis, breast cancer, heart disease; lower levels of body fat; benefits for prenatal development when pregnant; increased feelings of self-eficacy
Women
more likely to live in poverty world wide
Women
have higher insurance rates than men because childbirth
-companies have allowed pre-existing conditions
Men & Women
similar rates of mental illness
Men (mental illness)
suicide
alcohol/drug use
pathological gambling disorder
antisocial personality disorder (psychopath)
Women (mental illness)
depression
anxiety disorders
panic disorders
eating disorders
Cultural influence the expression of distress
men: medicate with alcohol
women: show signs of depression
Depression Theory #1
Hormone Hypothesis
women may be more likely to suffer from depression due to hormones
Depression Theory #2
The feminine-role hypothesis
f�minin role predisposes women to depression by encouraging them to act/feel helpless
Depression Theory #3
The stress hypothesis
women face more stressors and are more likely to be powerless
Depression Theory #4
relationship difficulties hypothesis
women may be more sensitive to stressors, especially those in interpersonal relationships
Depression Theory #5
developmental hypothesis
feminine qualities develop the interaction with environmental changes-> depression