1. Be aware of the fundamental principles of attraction.
we are attracted to those their presence is rewarding to us.
Differentiate between direct and indirect rewards in terms of social attraction and given an example, be able to identify a direct and an indirect reward.
direct rewards refers to all evident pleasure people provides us.
How does proximity affect attraction? Convenience?
we are attracted to those who are physically close to us
people who live close to each other are morel likely to be friends
Be familiar with the classic Festinger et al., (1950) research conducted at MIT.
MIT students who resides next to each other in their dormitory are more likely to be friends with than the ones who lives far.
Be familiar with the Moreland and Beach (1992) study on pg. 71. What basic principle of attraction does it exemplify?
Students were more attracted to the women they saw more frequently. proximity makes us attracted to each other
*Be able to define and give an example of the following: halo effect, assimilation effect, matching hypothesis, attractiveness leniency effect, contrast effect, mate value, stimulus value role theory, fatal attraction, and the Romeo and Juliet Effect
Halo effect: "what is beautiful is good," we make + first impressions of good looking
Assimilation effect: Idea that if you associate with an attractive person, you may pick up some of the "goodies" they get from being attractive
matching hypothesis: part
Is the saying "absence makes the heart grow fonder" generally supported by the psychological research? What about "familiarity breeds contempt"?
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What typically happens to attraction when people who meet online get together for the first time (pg. 72-73)?
men are shorter and poorer. female are older and darker
What is the most common way for heterosexual couples to meet? What about same sex couples?
through friends. the same.
What % of visible Match.com profiles belonged to people who were currently looking for partners?
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*What assumptions do people make about attractive people? Do attractive people make more money than less attractive people? Are they promoted more often?
attractive people are good. yes.yes.
In general, is the saying "beauty is in the eye of the beholder" an accurate statement in the United States? What about in other parts of the world?
beauty is generally universal
Is ovulation associated with attractiveness? Is ovulation associated with what women find attractive in a man?
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What are the most attractive waist-to-hip ratios for men and women?
women WHR, is a curcy 0.7 in which waist it 30% smaller than the hips.
men: WHR 0.9. brad shoulders and muscles are attractive men with higher shoulder to ratio (around 1.2) and bigger muscles have sex with women and at earlier ages than do men
Discuss scents heterosexual men find attractive (pg. 80)
attractive people smell better than anattractive people
*Be familiar with the research findings (pgs 81-4) that support Social Evolutionary Theory.
a. How is symmetry associated with health?
b. Is WHR associated with fertility?
c. What color are women more likely to wear when they are fertile?
a attractive or symmetrical people are healthy.
b yes
c red
17. What is the ovulatory shift? What do meta analyses suggest about this?
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What factor seems to determine whether a culture finds a larger or smaller female form attractive (page 84)?
when food was scarce, slender women was regarded as unattractive.as economic prosperity spread through the united sates thought the united states during the twentieth century women were expected to be slimmer and slimmer so that playboy playmates and miss
How does ethnicity factor into what sizes men find attractive?
black and Latino men like bigger women
According to the text, is speed dating an effective way to find a long term relationship?
no
What are some of the cons associated with being highly attractive?
regarded as promiscuous, most likely to be lied to,
Be familiar with the findings of the Reis, et al., (1982) study on pg 87.
beautiful women get more dates than plain women more over people tend to enjoy their interaction with beautiful women
What % of variability in overall adjustment is associated with physical attractiveness (pg. 87)?
10%
*Be familiar with the Major, Carrington and Carnevale, 1984 study of trust and praise among attractive and less attractive subjects (pg. 87-8)
attractive or unattractive people receive a writen evaluation of their work from a person of the other sed who either does or does not know what they look like. in every case each pricipant receives a flattering complimentary evaluation. one gets exactly
How likely is it for heterosexual men to ask a woman out if they don't know if she is likely to say yes?
3%
*Be familiar with the Bernstein, et al., (1983) study of risking rejection on pages 89.
75% and 25%
Do heterosexual women like men to initiate contact with them via opening lines? What about heterosexual men?
men like when female initiates
Is playing hard to get typically a successful strategy (pg.91)?
playing hard to get doesn't work. what does not work is being selectively hard to get-that is, being a difficult catch for everyone but the person you're to attract.
What is balance theory? Be able to recognize an example of this.
the tendency to like us is obviously consistent with the reward model of attraction. sugests people desire consistency among their thoughts feelings and social relationships. when two people like each other their feelings fit together well and can be said
Which is more accurate, "opposites attract" or "birds of a feather flock together"?
birds of a feather flock together
Discuss similarity as a variable in social attraction in general, as well as in inter ethnic relationships.
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Do most people know their partners as well as they think they do?
no
How does attraction to a possible significant other related to our ideal selves? Do we tend to prefer people who are more like our ideal selves? What if the other person is a lot better than we are?
we like people who are our ideal selves. when people are a lot better than we are it often doesn't work.
Why do scientists think we find similar people so attractive?
because we have commonality
What similarities appear to be the most important? Discuss the similarity of religion (pg. 96).
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What is complementarity? How does dominance relate to this?
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How are looks and resources prioritized by men and women looking for mates? For short term vs. long term relationships? How does this differ between same sex and opposite sex attraction?
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