Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
changing the relationship between people and their government
How did the Enlightenment philosophies impact the American Revolution?
it motivated the colonists to unite and stand up for their rights
In United States history, which document summarizes the consequences that occur when a government fails to meet the needs of its people?
declaration of independence
John Locke's theory of natural rights, as reflected in the Declaration of Independence, states that
individual liberties should be protected by a strong government
Montesquieu's statement BEST aligns with which democratic principle of government?
multiple branches of government
The Virginia House of Burgesses and the Mayflower Compact had a similar effect in that both
contributed to the development of representative democracy
The English Bill of Rights and the political philosophy of John Locke both support a
limited government
Which of these statements is true concerning a representative democracy?
the people elect government leaders
That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it" is a quote from which American document that expresses which of the following Enlightenment ideas?
declaration of independence, social contract theory
Slavery is so vile and miserable an Estate of Man, and so directly opposite to the generous Temper and Courage of our Nation; that it is hardly to be conceived, that an Englishman, much less a Gentleman, should plead for it." - excerpt from Two Treatises
citizens should be equal under the law
Absolute arbitrary power, or governing without settled laws, can neither of them be consistent with the ends of society and government."
Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the Locke quotation?
government power should be limited
The Primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence is to
explain and justify why the colonists revolted against Britain
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Magna Carta, Petition of Rights and English Bill of Rights are important documents in the development of limiting the power of absolute monarchs?
established new principles giving kings more power
Which of these is MOST associated with an authoritarian government?
government leaders have absolute power
Which statement best describes the underlying principle of the Declaration of Independence?
government power comes from the consent of the governed
In such condition there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain . . . no arts, no letters, no society, and, which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death, and the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, an
state of nature
Gordon has been on edge all week. A vote is coming up in the British Parliament concerning the potential for him to become the next Prime Minister. Gordon does well in communicating to Parliament, as opposed to ordinary citizens, so he is glad to not have
Parliamentary
Government is legitimate only if the people consent to its authority
If consent is not given to the government by the people, the people have the right to rebel
Government must protect natural rights (rights all people are born with)
The ideas above are a
John Locke
Which of the following best describes the United States?
Republic, Federal, Presidential
Solemnly and mutually in the Presence of God and one of another, covenant [pledge] and combine ourselves together into a Body Politck, for our better Ordering and Preservation and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid. . . ."
�The Mayflower Compact, 1620
Acc
to help govern themselves, choose their own leader and create their own law
The Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and Declaration of Independence all
express principles that helped to shape the US government
The Mayflower Compact, House of Burgesses, and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut are all examples of the efforts of colonial American to
use democratic practices in government
The Islamic Republic is a system based on belief in the One God, His exclusive sovereignty and the right to legislate, and the necessity of submission to His commands; divine revelation and its fundamental role in setting forth the laws; the return to Go
theocracy
In the 1860s, the United States was a divided nation. In the South, the Confederacy sought to distribute power to the states and leave the federal government with very little power. This same style of rule was chosen by Americans after the Revolutionary W
Confederal
Which statement is MOST accurate about the movement for independence in the thirteen colonies?
protests against British colonial policies gradually led to demands for independence
It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others that have been tried." Sir Winston Churchill
What is the significance of the above quote?
every government has problems and imperfections, but democracy is the best form of government compared to all other forms
Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely."- Lord Acton, 1887
What is the MAIN idea of the quote above as it relates to limited and unlimited governments?
unlimited government will inherently be corrupt governments
Which of the following types of government closely resembles the government practiced by America?
roman republic
All of the following are not true concerning parliamentary systems of government except
parliamentary systems choose their top official through the legislative body
Enlightenment-era political philosophers such as Hobbes, Lock, Rousseau, and Montesquieu
emphasized governmental structures based on reason and social progress
The Mayflower Compact is important to the concept of a democratic society because it represents
a clear step toward self-government
I did not consider it any part of my charge to invent new ideas, but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent . . . It was intended to be an expression of the American mind." �Thomas Je
the declaration of independence would state the reasons for the American Revolution
Louis XIV's quote "I am the state" reflected his belief in the idea that kingship was of divine origin and not to be challenged. What is the theory called?
divine rights of kings
Many ideals that are important in the US government today came to prominence for political thinkers of the American Revolution. Which philosophy became VERY important to Americans during this time?
governments only gain the authority to rule from the consent of their people
A unitary system of government is different from a federal system of government in that a federal government
is divided among different levels of government at the national and state level
Which statement best described a political theory of John Locke
a government's power comes from the consent of the people
What function of government is most concerned with protecting a nation's people from external threats?
ensuring national security
What was the Magna Carta (1215) historically significant in the development of democratic governments?
the document established the principle that no person was above the law and that the government must follow its own laws in its dealings with citizens
Which statement reflects an argument of Enlightenment philosophers against the belief in the divine rights of kings?
the power of the government is derived from the governed
According to John Locke, why do people enter into a social contract?
to protect their natural rights
We should have a great many fewer disputes in the world is words were taken for what they are, the signs of our ideas only, and not for things themselves."
John Locke points to WHAT as a solver of worldly disputes?
the use of reason
Which definition best describes the term government?
the formal institutions and processes through which decisions are made for a group of people
Mexico has a governmental system in which the power is divided between the national government and each state.
Based on that information, what type of government system does Mexico have?
federal
A totalitarian rule differs from a democracy because
only one person has power in a totalitarian rule
Which statement best describes a difference between a presidential and parliamentary system of democracy?
the prime minister is elected directly by popular vote in a parliamentary state only
Fascism was a 20th-century form of dictatorship that tried to create a successful society by giving the dictator strict control of everything, including individual lives.People who opposed the dictator were jailed or killed. It flourished between 1919 and
economic problems forced people to turn to a strong leader
Limited governments curtail government power and protect the right of citizens. Which of the following is an example of a country with a limited government?
Canada
No freeman shall be taken, or imprisoned, . . . or in any way harmed . . . save by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. . . .To none will we sell, to none deny or delay, right or justice." -Magna Carta, 1215
According to the state
rights of the accused
Which of the following documents stripped English monarchs of any real power, established Parliament as Britain's center of government, no standing army in peacetime, no ability to suspend laws, no cruel and unusual punishment, no excessive bail, fair and
English Bill of Rights
Which best describes the Enlightenment's impact on democracy?
the Enlightenment inspired democratic ideas about the rights of man
Which of the following is the best example of a theocracy?
in the Egyptian Third Intermediate Period, southern Egypt was ruled by high priests
We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; . ."
This quotation is evidence that some o
reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment
Which of these is provided by the federal, state, and local government?
the protection of citizen's rights
Why is democracy on its purest sense not practical?
people do not have time to consider and vote on every law that could be drafted
Speaker A: Good government stresses the importance of the nation and accepts the rights of the individual only if the interests of the individual are the same as those of the nation.
Speaker B: The person of the king is sacred and to attack him in any way
speaker C
Direct democracy is different from a republican government in that
every person can vote directly on issues in government
Philo is ready to cast his vote in favor of Athens going to war against a neighboring nation. He, along with all property owners in Athens, has discussed the issue at great length and must decide the fate of Athens.
Which type of government ensures that a
direct democracy
Which of these would not take place in an authoritarian system of government?
political parties compete in elections for control of the government
Thomas Hobbes was an Enlightenment thinker considered to be the originator of the social contract theory.
According to Hobbes and his ideas on the social contract, which of the following would be TRUE?
people give up certain rights to government in order to maintain social order
Which line from the Declaration of Independence BEST represents the Social Contract Theory, as explained by John Locke?
governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new governme