Congressional redistricting is generally done by
State Legislatures
A restraint is
a requirement laid down by act of Congress prohibiting a state or local government from exercising a certain power.
A basic principle upheld by the Supreme Court in McCulloch v. Maryland is that
the national government has powers in addition to those expressly stated in the U.S. Constitution.
Money awarded for broad, general purposes is called a ________ grant.
block
The text describes preemption as a(n) _______ power.
Modern
A politician who believes that the elastic clause of the U.S. Constitution should be narrowly interpreted probably supports the concept of
dual federalism
In the U.S. political context, a cooperative federalism structure seems most conducive to policies advocated by
liberals
The complexity of the U.S. federal system encourages
pluralism
For most of the period since the Great Depression, the Supreme Court's interpretation of the commerce clause generally served to
increase national power
New Federalism was associated with President
Richard Nixon
In the U.S. political context, a dual federalism structure seems most conducive to policies advocated by
conservatives
The effect of national emergencies and constitutional amendments on federalism has been to
increase the power of the national government
The McCulloch decision concerned the ability of the federal government to create
a bank
Which of the following powers is shared by state and national governments?
Taxation
Preemption is
the power of Congress to enact laws that assume responsibility for functions that were previously state or local responsibilities.
Under Ronald Reagan's "new" New Federalism, federal grants as a percentage of state and local expenditures
decreased substantially.
The result of preemption is
state discretionary powers are restricted.
The cooperative federalism model
supports pluralist democracy by allowing groups to pursue their interests at several levels of government.
Congressional redistricting is done once every _____ years.
10
In a federal system,
two or more governments exercise power and authority over the same people and territory.
Which of the following is not a part of dual federalism?
The national government has an unlimited set of constitutional purposes.
Which metaphor best describes dual federalism?
layer cake
A special district is
a governmental unit created to perform particular functions.
How many governmental units exist in the United States?
Approximately 87,000
The theory that the federal government is a creature of the states is weakened by the fact that the
U.S. Constitution was approved by popular conventions in the states, not by state legislatures.
Cooperative federalism is based most directly upon the
elastic clause
According to John Marshall's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the elastic clause might be interpreted to mean that Congress can take a particular action not specified in the U.S. Constitution if that action is
plainly adapted to achieving a legitimate constitutional end.
The commerce clause states that
Congress has the power to regulate commerce among the several states.
An implied power is
not specifically mentioned in the U.S. Constitution, but necessary for another specific grant of power to be carried out.
Which of the following is viewed as an advantage of the many governments that characterize U.S. federalism?
Having many governments enables some level of government to respond to diverse conditions in different parts of the country.
A bill signed by President Clinton in October 2000 ordered states to adopt a national standard of 0.08 percent blood-alcohol level for drunken driving or
loose highway construction funds
Most recent preemption efforts have been partial preemptions dealing with
A. and C.
Authority over state militias
sometimes falls under the authority of the state and sometimes under the authority of the national government.
One major impact of the Great Depression on American federalism was to
change the way Americans thought about the national government's role in solving their problems.
Which metaphor best describes cooperative federalism?
The marble cake
During the administration of George W. Bush the power of the federal government
increased
Smaller political units such as cities and states are
All of these
The states' rights principle is most closely tied to
dual federalism
One significant difference in the transition to federalism experienced in the United States and Iraq is that
Iraq transitioned from a much more centralized regime.
What kind of grant-in-aid allows the recipient of the grant the most independence in determining how the money will be spent?
Block grant
The general term for money paid by the national government to a state is
grant-in-aid