pols 112 first midterm

Regents of the University of CA v. Bakke

effectively outlawed strict quotas

The bill of rights is a serious of restraints designed to limit governments jurisdiction. these restraints best reflect which principle of politics?

the institution principle

civil rights did not become a part of the constitution until 1868 with the adoption of the ________ amendment

fourteenth

the right to vote against unreasonable searches and seizures is an example of a _________ and women's right to vote is an example of a ________

civil liberty; civil right

which amendment in the bill of rights explicitly addresses itself exclusively to the national government?

the first amendment

a form of government in which a single individual - king, queen, or dictator- rules

autocracy

a good that may be enjoyed by anyone, if provided, and that may not be denied to anyone once it has been provided

public good

in addition to competition, politics also provides

collaboration and cooperation

the declaration of independence was written by

thomas jefferson

the result of the 1777 continental congress was a constitution concerned primarily with

limiting the powers of the central government

limiting the government by dividing it into two levels, national and state, each with sufficient independence to compete with the other, is called

federalism

if a couple marries in texas as regulated by state law, then missouri must also recognize that marriage even though they are not matted under Missouri state pawl this is according to the ______ clause

full faith and credit clause

the articles of confederation created a classic collective dilemma by granting most power to the individual states. which problem did the articles of confederation NOT create?

a principal agent problem

the obligations imposed on state government by the national government without any funding at all have come to be known as

unfunded mandates

the idea that states should oppose the increasing authority of the national government is known as

states' rights

when the first congress under the new constitution met in later april of 1789, the most important item of business was consideration of a proposal to

add a bill of rights to the constitution

what are the two fundamental questions that allow us to find patterns and order in the chaos of politics?

who governs? and how do they govern?

the declaration of independence was remarkable for its assertion that there are certain unalienable rights including

life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

which term describes federal subsidies of special state and local activities?

grant in aids

the founder who probably had the most influence on the Virginia plan

James Madison

the incorporation of the bills of rights into the 14th amendment took place by

action of the US supreme court gradually over time

which two clauses in the first amendment deal with freedom of religion

the free exercise clause and the establishment clause

the system of government in which a constitution divides power between a central government and regional governments is known as

federalism

the notion that the constitution states that the powers the constitution does not delegate to the national government or to the states

expressed powers

the 10th amendment to the US constitution states that the powers the constitution does not delegate to the national government or to the states are

reserves to the states or to the people

when a small group of landowners, military officers, or wealthy merchants controls most of the governing decisions

oligarchy

the conflicts and struggles over the leadership, structure, and policies of government are called

politics

the specific control over what a small group will consider for discussion in the first place

agenda power

the pooling of resources and coordination of effort and activity by a group of people to achieve common goals is called

collective action

which of the five principles of politics best explains why the federal government passed the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 to adopt uniform standards across the states, rather than leave it to the individual states to determine how to increase a

the collective action principle

which clause in the constitution extended civil rights to all persons

equal protection clause

which constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote

19th amendment

bill of rights is basically a serious of amendments on what

the federal government must not do

which form of speech is the most equally protected

political

the requirement that the judicial system must proceed according to law and with adequate protection for individual rights is known as

due process of law

what legal or moral claims are citizens entitles to make on the government

civil rights

why did the framers establish a system in which the states retained significant powers instead of a system in which ultimate political authority was vested in a single national government?

in accordance with the rationality principle, state government officials had no desire to lose their power and autonomy to a new national government

the government's obligation to allow african americans to exercise their opportunity to vote is an example of a

civil right

why did the smaller states object to the virginia plan

the virginia plan provided a greater representation in the national legistlaure for larger and/or wealthier states, which disadvantages the small states

the constitution grants the power to ratify treaties to the

senate

plessy v. ferguson

brown v. board of education; separate but equal

plessy v. ferguson case involved

equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment

the framers of the constitution sought to insulate the president from excessively democratic pressures through

an indirect election through the electoral college