chemistry
the study of matter and how it changes
matter
anything that has mass and occupies space
element
a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
atom
the smallest particle that has the properties of an element
compound
a substance made of atoms of more than one element bound together
molecule
the smallest unit of a substance that exhibits all of the properties characteristic of that substance
chemical formula
the chemical symbols and numbers indicating the atoms contained in the basic unit of a substance
pure substance
any matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties
mixture
a combination of more than one pure substance
miscible
describes 2 or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each other in various proportions
immiscible
describes 2 or more liquids that do NOT mix into each other
pressure
the force exerted per unit area of a surface
viscosity
the resistance of a fluid to flow
energy
the ability to change or move matter
evaporation
the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas
condensation
the change of a substance from a gas to a liquid
sublimation
the change of a substance from a solid to a gas
chemical property
the way a substance reacts with others to form new substances with different properties
reactivity
the ability of a substance to combine chemically with another substance
physical property
a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
melting point
the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas below the surface
buoyancy
the force with which a more dense fluid pushes a less dense substance upward
chemical change
a change that occurs when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances
physical change
a change in the physical form or properties of substance that occurs without a change in composition
mass/volume
formula for density
heterogeneous
not uniformly mixed
homogeneous
uniformly mixed
kinetic theory
a theory with three parts: 1. all matter is made of atoms/molecules that act like tiny particles; 2. these tiny particles are always in motion, the higher the temperature, the faster they move; 3. at the same temperature more massive particle move slower
gas
constant state of motion and rarely stick together; expands to fill available space; collide billions times in a second; bounce off things they collide with
liquid
particles are close together with more freedom of movement; spread out to fill container from the bottom up
solid
rigid structure; almost no freedom to change shape; held together by strong attractions, can still vibrate around a fixed position
law of conservation of mass
mass cannot be created or destroyed
law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed
How many atoms are in NaCl3?
4
What are the most abundant substances in body or on earth?
hydrogen, oxygen, iron
What is a carbonated drink?
a homogeneous mixture
What happens when water is broken apart?
the atoms are released into the atmosphere not destroyed