CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

MALLEABILITY

the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets

DUCTILITY

the ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire

COLOR

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

ODOR

any property detected by the olfactory system

DENSITY

The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance

VOLATILE

evaporating readily at normal temperatures and pressures

HARDNESS

a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

STRUCTURE

the arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex

SOLUBILITY

the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure

MASS

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field, a measure of the amount of matter in an object

VOLUME

the amount of space an object takes up, a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space

LENGTH

the distance between two points, a measure of the straight-line distance between two points

MELTING POINT

the temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid, The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

BOILING POINT

the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level, the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

INTENSIVE PHYSICAL PROPERTY

A physical property that does not depend on how much of the mixture there is, it depends on the identity. (Can be used to identify.)

EXTENSIVE PHYSICAL PROPERTY

A physical property that depends on how much of the mixture there is. (Cannot be used to determine identity)

MATTER

that which has mass and occupies space, anything that has mass and takes up space

RADIOACTIVE

giving off radiant energy in the form of alpha, beta, or gamma rays by the breaking up of atoms, a nucleus is radioactive if it spontaneously breaks up, emitting particles or energy in the process

FUSIBLE

capable of being melted and fused

EXPLOSIVE

a chemical substance that undergoes a rapid chemical change (with the production of gas) on being heated or struck

RUST

the formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water

FERMENT

to produce alcohol by chemical action, a chemical phenomenon in which an organic molecule splits into simpler substances

REACTIVITY

the ability of a substance to combine chemically with another substance, the ability of a substance to go through a chemical change

CORROSIVE

eating away gradually, acid like,, The way in which acids react with some metals so as to eat away the metal

FLAMMABLE

Able to catch fire easily, easily ignited and capable of burning quickly.

DIGEST

convert food into absorbable substances, To change food after it has been eaten into simpler forms that the body can use.

STABLE

not taking part readily in chemical change

NON-REACTIVE

elements that do not react, not reactive to other chemicals, not capable of undergoing a chemical change

FADE

to gradually disappear, gradually ceasing to be visible, when clothes lose some of their color

PHYSICAL CHANGE

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

CHEMICAL CHANGE

a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter, A change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties

PHYSICAL PROPERTY

A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance, a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change

CHEMICAL PROPERTY

a property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity, a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances

STATE

(chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container)

GAS

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume

LIQUID

a substance in the fluid state of matter having no fixed shape but a fixed volume

SOLID

of definite shape and volume, the state in which a substance has no tendency to flow under moderate stress

EVAPORATION

The process by which water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas

MELTING

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

FREEZING

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

BOILING

the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas, The process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surface

CONDENSING

the change of state from a gas to a liquid., The process by which a substance changes from its gas phase to its liquid phase

SUBLIMATING

the change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state

DISSOLVES

what happens when one material forms a solution with another material, To make a solution of, as by mixing with a liquid; pass into solution

CRYSTALLIZES

to form crystals

COLOR CHANGE

A clue to a chemical change in which the substance changes in color.

PRECIPITATE

a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

DEPOSITION

the change of state from a gas directly to a solid

CHEMICAL BOND

an electrical force linking atoms, SHARING OF TWO ELECTRONS

pH

a value that indicated the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale of 0-14, based on the proportion of H+ ions., -log[H3O+]

viscosity

A liquid's resistance to flowing, the tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing

oxidation

a chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust, the loss of electrons from one substance

vaporizes

changing of a liquid to a gas

explosion

a violent release of energy caused by a chemical or nuclear reaction

grinding

To crush into small bits or a fine power., reduces particle size and yields a more uniform size distribution