1. What was the original goal of Reconstruction?
To reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery.
2. What was Lincoln's main vision for Reconstruction?
To reunite the nation as quickly as possible and painlessly as possible
3. How did state legislatures in the South begin to change as a result of Reconstruction?
Many white Southerners began to support African American leaders in the state legislatures.
4. Why did many Republican Congress members disagree with Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan for Reconstruction?
They thought that it would take more to restore the Union than for southern states to swear an oath of loyalty.
5. How did the Compromise of 1877 affect Reconstruction?
It helped end Reconstruction and required the removal of federal troops from the South.
6. Why did Congress still refuse to readmit southern states into the Union in 1865, even after those states had established new governments?
The representatives of the new governments had been leaders of the Confederacy.
7. What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
An organization established by Congress to aid poor southerners.
8. How did the Freedmen's Bureau affect education for freed slaves in the South?
It established more schools and increased efforts to educate freed slaves.
9. What did the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment mean for African Americans in the United States?
It provided African Americans with a future free from slavery.
10. Why was the Thirteenth Amendment so important to Lincoln's Reconstruction plan?
It ensured that Lincoln's decision to end slavery could never be overturned.
11. The passage of the Fourteenth Amendment changed life for African Americans in the United States because it gave African Americans the ________________.
Same legal rights as white Amer.
12. The Fourteenth Amendment defined who could be considered a citizen in the U.S. Which group did the Amendment exclude from U.S. citizenship?
American Indians.
13. Why did Republicans feel the need to propose the Fourteenth Amendment before southern states were readmitted to the Union?
? To protect the Civil Rights Act from being overturned by the South.
14. What right did the Fifteenth Amendment protect for African American men?
The right to vote in elections.
15. Why did Congressional Republicans think that passing the Fifteenth Amendment would help protect their Reconstruction plan?
They thought African Americans would vote to support the plan if given the right to vote by the 15th Amendment.
Who was Senator Howard representing when he spoke those words?
Republicans opposed to Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction
17. The changes in the lives of African American slaves as a result of freedom were:
couples were able to legalize marriages not recognized under slavery, women began to work at home rather than in the cotton and tobacco fields and families began to search for relatives who had been sold to different owners.
What were the Black Codes?
Laws passed that limited the freedom of African Americans,
19. How did Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction affect the social structure of the South?
Af. Americans began to demand the same economic and political rights as whites.
20. What was a reason behind the creation of the Ku Klux Klan in 1866?
The increased gov't support of Af. American civil rights
21. The formation of the Ku Klux Klan inspired which action by the federal government?
Congress declared that it was illegal to deny citizens equal protection under the law
22. Why was the Ku Klux Klan able to obtain a great deal of power in the South before 1870?
Local gov'ts didn't do much to stop the violence of the group
23. In 1872, what change in the southern state governments brought about the end of many Reconstruction reforms?
Democrats regained control of the state govt's
What were Jim Crow laws?
Laws that enforced the segregation of the races.
25. Why was the verdict in the Plessy v. Ferguson case significant?
It legalized segregation in the US as long as "separate but equal" facilities were provided
What steps were taken by the Redeemers to deny the right to vote to African Americans?
They set up the poll tax, which required Af. Americans to pay a fee before voting
How did the sharecropping system limit the opportunities for African Americans to own farms and property?
Most sharecroppers lived in a cycle of debt, first buying goods on credit and then failing to make much money selling their crops.
short answer. How did the Civil War affect life in the South?
It damaged the South's economy: currency was worthless and banks failed. There was a southern crop failure that drove up food prices. Many southerners faced starvation.
What was the Thirteenth Amendment?
An amendment to the Constitution that made slavery illegal throughout the US.