According to the National Victimization Survey, __________ of victims surveyed report their victimization to law enforcement.
46%
The way crime data is gathered is NOT important in understanding how often women engage in criminal offending.
FALSE
This is a sex-gender system in which men dominate women and what is considered masculine is more highly valued than what is considered feminine.
Patriarchy is wrong
Attempts to include an amendment to the U.S. Constitution on victim's rights has been successful and many state constitutions have been amended to reflect the rights of victims in criminal cases.
FALSE
The gap between crimes reported to the police and un-reported crimes is known as _____________________________________________________.
Dark figure of crime
This theory (perspective) relates how the victimization of girls early in life can lead to later criminal offending.
Feminist Pathways Perspective
Criminal law violation requires the element of ___________, or criminal intent, unless it is a strict liability crime.
mens rea
Fisher and May found
Males who feel they have less power in a situation are likely to be more fearful of crime
The relationship between the victim and offender is a strong predictor in reporting rates.
TRUE
_________________ is based on six categories of victims.
Mendelsohn's Theory of Victimology
The __________ would not have been a victim of a crime if they had given better thought or care to their safety.
minor guilt victim
The experience of giving women ______________, is a strong influence of feminist research methods.
a voice
Emotional abuse is a way in which a perpetrator seeks to control their victim.
TRUE
The unwanted sexual act following the deliberate intoxication of a victim is known as _______________.
drug-facilitated rape
The _______________________ phase is where a batterer increases control over a victim and the victim tries to keep her partner calm.
tension-building
_______________ blamimg is the cycle of societal acceptance of myths about rapes that leads to shifting the blame from the offender to the victim.
victim
The ____________________ provided funding for battered women's shelters and outreach education, as well as funding for domestic violence training for police and court personnel.
Violence Against Women Act
Attitudes and beliefs that are generally false but widely accepted as true when justifying male sexual aggression are known as ____________.
Rape Myths
_____________________ combines the crime of woman battering with other contexts of abuse found within a home environment, such as the abuse of children or grandparents.
Domestic Violence
The Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment illustrated that when an arrest was made in a misdemeanor domestic violence incident, recidivism rates were significantly lower compared to if police simply "counseled" the aggressor.
TRUE
The majority of rapes are reported to police.
FALSE
The presence of a weapon significantly increases the risk of homicide.
TRUE
True or false. The stranger who lurks in the alley or hides in the bushes and surprises the rape victim is referred to as the symbolic assailant.
TRUE
The _____________________ phase is where the batterer is abusive, and engages in physical and/or sexual violence to control his victim.
abusive incident
__________ include shelters resources for women fleeing violence, legal aid to represent victims of crime, provisions for the protection of children and training to increase the economic self-sustainability for women.
Protective measures
__________ is the second largest criminal activity and the fastest growing criminal enterprise in the world.
Human Trafficking
The __________ suggests that approximately 2.5 million people from 127 countries are victims of trafficking.
United Nations
The most common reason for karo-kari is a woman's premarital or extra-marital relations with any man who is not her husband.
TRUE
There are an estimated __________ honor killings each year around the world
5000
This author believed the liberation of women in the 1960s and 1970s would lead to increased participation in crime
Freda Adler
Women who have been killed in the name of honor are only killed for acts of sexual impropriety.
FALSE
This practice is engaged in for two purposes: to protect the girls' virginity and to eliminate the possibility of sexual pleasure for females.
Female Genital Mutilation
____________________ includes practices such as honor killings, bride burnings, customary killings and dowry deaths.
Honor-based violence
__________ address the status of women and provide them with opportunities for equal protection under the law.
Legal measures
Attachment, commitment, involvement and belief are identified as
the social bond
Most incidents of honor-based violence are committed by a male family member, such as a father, husband, brother or cousin.
TRUE
According to Susan Martin's research on the interactive effects of race and sex on female police officers, the "double-whammy" effect is alive and well.
TRUE
In __________, the court found that the pat down policy designed to control the introduction of contraband into the facility could be viewed as unconstitutional if conducted by male staff members against female inmates.
Jordan v. Gardner
In the case of __________ the pat down search of a male inmate (including their groin area) does not violate one's fourth amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure.
Grummett v. Rushen
A __________ is operated by a state or federal government and incarcerates offenders sentenced for more serious crimes
prison
The idea that women's voices will transform the legal profession is characteristic of
the difference approach
Correctional counselors is a high status position in prisons, often occupied by men.
FALSE
Female judges imposed longer sentences in cases of __________and are less likely to award civil damages for these cases.
simple assault
While equal opportunity legislation may have opened access for women in policing and corrections, institutional cultures and standards continued to create barriers for women in these occupations for entry and advancement.
TRUE